• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.779-791
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• 2010

This study was to examine the differential impacts of social experiences and conditions on health among men and women aged 65 years or older, using data of the "2004 Survey on living Status of the Korean Elderly". The outcome variables were any disability, self-rated health, multiple morbidity, and self-rated quality of life. Multiple Classification Analysis was used to test the differential exposure to social factors contributes to gender difference in health. Gender differences in vulnerability of each individual socioeconomic, psycho-social, and behavioral factors for health were assessed by comparing logit coefficients in men and women. I found that gender difference in exposure to social factors contribute to inequalities in health between older men and women, however, gender inequalities remained after controlling for differential exposure except in case of quality of life. In addition, gender differences in health were further explained by differential vulnerabilities to social factors between men and women. Findings of this study may affirm the importance of further and deeper investigation of gender differences in health in later life. Gender sensitive approach in health planning and polices for the elderly is also suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.163-176
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• 2002

Objectives：This study was designed to investigate the temperamental characteristics and the differences of temperamental characteristics in Korean children according to the sociodemographic and family environment factors using Toddler Temperament Scale(TTS). Methods：The samples consisted of 1,175 children who were attending twenty-five Samsung Child Care Centers nationwide. Both Korean version of TTS and child developmental questionnaire(designed by the Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center) were distributed to the parents of these children. Score of 9 temperamental categories was determined using the result of TTS, and determination of 5 temperamental clusters was conducted by the Fullard's criteria. Statistical analyses were performed according to the sex, birth order, existence of siblings, residential city, residential province, marital state of child's parents, and parental relationship to compare the scores of temperamental categories and the distribution of temperamental clusters. Results：The distribution of temperamental clusters was as follows；Easy 35.8%, Intermediate Low (IL) 33.1%, Intermediate High(IH) 11.1%, Slow-To-Warm-Up 6.3%, and Difficult 13.6%. Some of 9 temperamental categories were statistically different according to the sex, birth order, existence of siblings, residential city, residental province, marital state of child's parents, and parental relationship. From the viewpoint of 5 temperamental clusters, there were statistically more Easy and less Difficult children in good relation between each parent(p=.022). In spite of no statistical significance, the children in conditions of first-born, non-existence of siblings, middle or small residential city, Chung-Cheong province, married state of parent had a tendency to be easier to care. Conclusions：The toddler temperamental characteristics of Korean children showed some differences in several sociodemographic and family environment factors. We could confirm that the 'Goodness of Fit' was very important in child temperament.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.45-76
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• 2008

This study analyses the effect of gender on the support and control dimension of the relationship between adolescent children and their parents in 5 countries - Korea, Japan, U.S., Germany, and Sweden. This study predicts that mothers are more supportive and less controlling towards their children than fathers; that parents are more supportive towards their daughters than sons; and that supportive relationship is most pronounced in mother-daughter relations while controlling relationship is pronounced in father-son relations. We used the 2006 multi-national survey data collected by the National Youth Policy Institute for the analysis, selecting the cases in which the youth respondents were born between 1988 and 1993 and were living with both biological parents. All three hypotheses are supported in Korean cases. In the cases of the other nations, the hypotheses are only partially supported. In all the 5 nations, mothers are more supportive towards their children than are fathers. While parents are more supportive towards daughters than towards sons in most countries, the impact of children's gender in producing differences in parental behavior is less profound than the impact of parent's gender. Gender affects the control dimension of the relationship only in Korea and U.S.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2005

Objectives : Few studies have examined the relation between the attachment styles of the primary caregivers and the behavioral problems of their children. This study was performed to identify the impact of the insecure parental attachment patterns on the development of their higher grades elementary school children's psychiatric manifestations and disorders. Methods : 504 higher elementary pupils and their primary caretakers were included in our study. Relationship Questionnaire, Kovacs Children's Depression Inventory, Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for children, and Korean Child Behavior Checklist were applied to them. Results : The grade-school children of the parents who belonged to preoccupied attachment type revealed higher Withdrawn, Anxious/depressed, Social Problems, Attention Problems, Delinquent Problems, Aggressive Problems, Internalizing Problems, Externalizing Problems, Total Behavioral Problems scores than ones of securely attached parents (p<0.01). Internalizing Problems score of preoccupied parents' children was highest, and one of avoidant and secure typed parents' kids followed in order (p=0.004) . More youngsters revealed Total Behavior Problem score high enough to clinically meaningful level in insecure parental attachment style than in secure one (p=0.038). Higher CDI score in insecure parental group was reported than in secure one (p=0.040). Conclusion : Parental insecure attachment can be associated with the development of the behavioral problems and psychiatric illness of their children.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.69-97
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• 2022

Parents' interest and care are very important for their children in the process of growing up, but parenting is also very unfamiliar and difficult for themselves. Parents constantly need information related to parenting, and in order to solve this problem, they try to obtain information through informal meetings or social relationships among parents at an individual level, which often brings up conflicts and stresses. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics of social networks among parents and to understand the influence of the network characteristics on information-sharing intention and information-sharing satisfaction. To this end, a survey questionnaire was developed based on previous studies and was administered among parents whose children are in a daycare center. Then, the data was analyzed using social network analysis (SNA) method. Findings indicate that the correlation among the social networks, the information -sharing intention, and the information-sharing satisfaction was significant, but the influence of the social networks on the information-sharing intention, and the information-sharing satisfaction was not established. It was also found that the intention to receive help was higher than the desire to help others. Policy suggestions to meet parents' information needs and the need to reconsider the role of local public libraries were presented.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.285-293
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• 2021

This study is a second analysis of the 7th Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families. And, it is a descriptive survey research for comparing parental and health characteristics of 2 groups of workers and non-workers. For this, it has used crossover analysis and logistic regression analysis with the subjects of mothers of preschoolers - of 697 females in total, aged between 19 and 64. Based on the result of the logistic regression analysis, we have discovered a few factors inducing the females to participate in more economic activities. The factors are as follows : baby sitters available, the more number of child care centers, the more helps of baby sitting from the females' parents and in-law parents and physical activities less than 3 times a week. In contrast, however, the more preschoolers they have, the less likely they are to take an active part in the economy. Against the backdrop, the government should develop social service systems to encourage various child care services and to foster 'child raising mothers-friendly' environments not only in families but in workplaces. All this is to improve the health characteristics of preschoolers' mothers in a more healthy way' and to strike a balance between work and family.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.280-293
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• 2014

The following research is based on a strengths perspective for analyzing the effects of adaptation resilience on parenting stress. The subject were 170mothers whose children have developmental disabilities and attend pre-school and social welfare centers for early education. The results were following: 1) The order of dimensional scores from highest to lowest were social resources, structuralization of personality, social achievement, personal strengths, perception of future, strength of family cohesion. 2) The parenting stress of the subjects came out to be lower than average scoring 2.71 out of 5. Dimensionally, grief of parents came out to be the highest. 3) Adaptation resilience and parenting stress for subjects exhibited a negative correlation. Within adaptation resilience, the dimensions of perception of future, personal strengths, social resources came out to be factors that have significant effects on parenting stress. 4) factors relating to the mother's adaptation resilience were more important than general characteristics belonging to handicapped children and their mothers for the purpose of explaining and predicting parenting stress.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1170-1177
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the relations between infant's mothers parenting stress, anger and anger expression patterns: The data for this study was collected from 205 among the 3 to 6 years old infant's mothers who attend to the three kindergartens and seven children's house. The instruments used for this study were a self-report questionnaire, PSI(Parenting Stress Index Short Form by Abidin), Anger and Anger-expression patterns. Regression analysis was the statistical method used for data analysis. Results: There were significant positive correlations in the infant's mothers parenting stress, state-trait anger and anger out/in. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that infant's mothers parenting stress, state and trait anger were significant variables predicting mother's anger expression patterns. Conclusion: This study suggests that the parental education program are necessary which a infant's mother can express positively about anger and decrease parenting stress.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.57-85
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• 2010

Using the Survey of Wisconsin Works Families, the survey of the Child Support Demonstration Evaluation (CSDE) project in Wisconsin, this study examines whether the family structures of nonresident fathers and resident mothers are associated with nonresident fathers' economic contributions, measured by the level of informal support provided to their children living in the mothers' households. Findings show that the level of informal support is associated with not only individual and economic characteristics of nonresident fathers and resident mothers, but also family structures and institutional factors such as child support arrangements and the CSDE experiment. Both mothers' repartnering with another man and fathers' repartnering with another woman are negatively associated with the level of informal support. Fathers who lived together with mothers when their children were born provide more informal support than do fathers who did not. Fathers' multiple partner fertility is not associated with the level of informal support provided. Among fathers who have children with multiple partners, fathers provide more informal support to their children born by their first partner. Fathers who have multiple children with the mother of the focal child provide more informal support. Fathers who have other biological children living elsewhere provide less informal support. Fathers who pay higher levels of formal child support also provide higher levels of informal support. Fathers associated mothers assigned to the CSDE experiment group provide more informal support. The findings suggest that child support programs may increase informal support, thereby improving the well-being of resident mothers and their children living in poverty.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.34-43
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• 1996

In adolescence, the symptoms of depression are more various and different from those of adult. Conduct behaviours are frequently represented in adolescent's depression. The patients who have the depression and conduct disorder are defined as depressive condor disorder in ICD-10. We hypothesized that there might be different parental rearing patterns between the patients with depression alone and the depressive conduct disorder. We applied children's depression inventory (CDI), parental rating form for conduct disorder based on DSM-III-R, and parental bonding instrument (PBI) to patients and normal control adolescent group. The results were as follows : 1) There were no significant differences in severity of depressive symptoms, maternal care, maternal overprotection, and paternal care. 2) Paternal overprotection showed significant higher scores in depressive conduct disorder group than depression group and normal control group. 3) There were positive correlations in the severity of depressive symptoms and behavior problems in all subjects. 4) There were no correlations in maternal care and overprotecion with conduct problems, but with depressive symptoms in all subject. 4) There were no correlations in paternal care with conduct problems and depressive symptoms in all subjects. 5) There were significant correlations in patienral overprotective, intrusive attitudes with conduct problems, not with depressive symptoms in all subjects.