• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.109-117
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• 2008

The first phase of School Zone Improvement Project introduced to enhance the safety of school-routes were completed by 2007 and the second phase of the project will be continued from 2008 to 2012. Since a huge budget is required for the project, there is a need to evaluate how many child-related crashes were reduced through the project, prior to the implementation of the second phase. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the influence of the School Zone Improvement Project on reduction in child-related crashes with data collected from the database of the National Police Agency. This study employed a Before-and-After study with comparison group to assess how many crashes were reduced. The results showed that the number of child-related crashes were decreased by 10, which is about 39% reduction in crash frequencies. With respect to the land use characteristics of school zones, the number of reduced crashes in residential zone, commercial zone, and mixed zone were 2.41, 3.8, and 0.5, respectively. The results may provide a significant implication for the second phase of the project that there is a need to establish different plans for improvement project with respect to land use characteristics.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.445-454
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• 2014

It has been argued that internet game overflow (IGO) causes negative effects on mental health among adolescents. Especially, suicide has been known as one of the most serious mental health problems in Korea. This study is to examine the effect of IGO on suicidal ideation among adolescents, and to examine the relationship among IGO, depressive mood, and suicidal ideation by analyzing the mediating effect of depressive mood in the relationship between IGO and suicidal ideation. For this purpose, we analyzed the 2012 dataset from the Korea Children and Youth Mental Health Promotion Study (N=8,745) by the National Youth Policy Institute. The results showed that, first, about 5.6% of adolescents were included in the risky group depending on the criteria of the measurement. Second, IGO has a statistically significant effect on suicide ideation when considering the two variables only. Third, however, as depressive mood was found to have a complete mediating effect in the relationship between IGO and suicidal ideation, IGO increases suicidal ideation by increasing depressive mood. As policy and practice implications, the necessity of intervention to reduce IGO and mental health problems among adolescents was discussed.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.317-324
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to determine whether or not cardiovascular reactivity parameters serve as good indicators in identifying differential emotion in children. The study particularly focused on five emotions(i.e., happiness, sadness, anger, stress, and boredom), thus, study participants were introduced to a combination of music, color, stories, and dolls to induce complex emotions. During the experiment, corresponding cardiovascular reactivity in response to the conditioned stimuli were recorded on physiological parameters including HR, RSA, HRV, HF HRV, LF HRV, and FPV. After the cardiovascular reactivity responses were measured, participants rated on the types and intensity of emotions they had experienced during the emotional stimuli exposure. Results on psychological response show that four emotions except for stress were appropriately and effectively induced participants by emotional stimuli. Findings of physiological responses suggest that, except for RSA, all of the physiological indicators show significant differences among five emotions. This indicates that children' emotions can be measured and differentiated by cardiovascular reactivity, or in other words, emotion specific responses have the ability to distinguish different emotions in children.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.418-424
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• 2014

This paper aim; to develop the National R&D Information Navigation System(NRnDINS) that is convenient and easy to use by the researchers on the basis of information filtering and visualization by converging and integrating the three types of the contents, namely, paper, report and project at the stage of development of the information system An information system is developed by establishing ontology and RDF on the three types of contents, and by applying information filtering and semantic search technology after having created the prototype for the screen by reflecting the user needs analysis and information visualization elements surveyed at the previous stage of information service planning. In this paper, to make the measure for information filtering, R&D navigation index is prosed and implemented, and NRnDINS capable of integrated search of the R&D contents through information visualization is developed. Also, for the testing of the developed system, the preference survey for its design by 1m persons and usability test of the system by 10 users are performed The result of the survey on the preference for the design is affirmative with 85% of the subjects finding it favorable and the composite receptivity is good with the score of 87.2 the results of the usability test. However, it was also found that further development of the personalization functions is needed. It is hoped that the R&D navigation index of the proposed and implemented in this paper would present quantitative objectivity and will induce further development of other information filtering index of contents in the future.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.557-568
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• 2013

This study is conducted to analyze the difference among college students' department satisfaction, career maturity, and career stress, and to examine the influence of department satisfaction and career maturity on career stress. A survey was done among 824 college students using the scales on department satisfaction, career maturity, and career stress and the following results were found. First of all, department satisfaction, career maturity, and career stress had statistically significant differences based on students year, age, academic records, entrance motive, peer relation, and health condition. Secondly, the subfactors of department satisfaction, namely, course satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, general satisfaction, and recognition satisfaction, showed statistically significant differences according to age, gender, academic records, entrance motive, peer relation, and health condition. Thirdly, the subfactors of career maturity, namely, determinacy, participation, independence, tendency, and compromise, had statistically significant differences according to year and age. Lastly, career maturity and department satisfaction considerably influenced career stress: when department satisfaction and career maturity were lower, career stress was higher. These results indicate that department satisfaction and career maturity correlate with career stress. Therefore, in order to decrease career stress, college students who maintain a low level of department satisfaction and career maturity should receive active guidance and education.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.417-427
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• 2012

This study is to recognize the relationship between better life index, nursing performance and intents to leave among hospital nurses by comparison. From July 1to July 20, 2012. we collected survey results subjecting on total 700 nurses by random sampling of hospital-class medical institutes over 200 beds located on Busan & Gyeongnam, and analyzed final 677 copies. We recognized the degrees and the differences of happiness index, professionalism, intents to leave among hospital nerses and analyzed the factors impacting on intents to leave among hospital nerses through correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis between variables. The main result is as follows: First, the average of the item related to happiness index of nurse was 3.03 (5 points of scale) and the average score of professionalism was 3.09 (medium degree) but the average score of turnover intention was 3.35 (relatively high); Second, professionalism and turnover intention according to characteristics of subjects were significant statistically (p<0.05) and turnover intention indicated a significant negative relation with happiness index and professionalism; Third, a factor which mostly impact on turnover intention indicated a significant level (p<0.05) in professionalism, happiness index, general hospital, 2.01 to 2.5 million of average pay. Based on such results, as happiness index and professionalism are indicated as major factors to turnover intention, multi-dimensional viewpoint of follow-up study including further variables is required and the plan to apply nursing intervention program for reducing turnover intention is also required.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.351-360
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• 2017

This study out to June to December 2016 survey investigate relations between the oral health behavior and eating habits of 180 multicultural families from children 4 countries in Daegu and Gyeongbuk The mean eating habits were 3.14 points on the 5-point scale, which was better than normal, 3.44 on "having milk or dairy products often". As for oral health behavior, 25.0% Using oral hygiene products, 61.7% brushed teeth twice a day; 48.3% toothbrushing Rolling method; 56.1% toothbrushing for oneself; 27.2% received oral health education; 58.9% aware that have an oral checkup every 6 months. As for general characteristics influencing oral health behavior(p<.05), If you using oral hygiene products, "Above average" of Oral Health Status Recognition; Brushing teeth 3 times a day was high according to men, thirties, Have occupation, kindergarten(p<.05). They had good eating habits according to oral health behavior as using oral hygiene products, Toothbrushing rolling method, Receiving oral health education(p<.05). That is, Multicultural families right oral health behavior led to good eating habits. Collectively, also systematic education on eating habits and oral health behavior to improve their oral health.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.203-213
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• 1998

The forthcoming twenty-first century is at the mercy of information and culture. A quality of humanlife is under the control of a cultural level. A nation's creative culture and a cultural level represent all things about the nation; and a national image, as a whole result of culture, is enormously influential. This new era of culturalism gives us a significant responsibility for getting ready for the late industrial society by practically harmonizing rationality of modem culture with conception of traditional culture. Industrializing culture and culturalizing industry will be the most important strategy for existence in these days of borderless international competitiveness. Cultural products which is containing a nation's own culture can not only enhance the national image, but also become high value-added industry. While general products are developed for the purpose of convenient and practical use, cultural products are created with the intention of informing international society about a nation or a region. In order to confront with a global market system and a change of cultural environment, it is necessary to create a proper design with cultural inheritance for modem likes and senses, to produce the design on a commercial scale, and to strengthen its competitiveness on international markets. In order that a commodity is born, distributed throughout markets, and delivered to a final consumer, it is essential to understand complicated process such as development, distribution and marketing of products and to systematize each part. Although we should not neglect any part, a political and systemical plan or a distributional and marketing idea will be beside the point in this article. This article presents importance of traditional patterns as a Korean cultural image, and it shows the process of designing and developing products in order for traditional patterns to be utilized for products effectively. I expect that concrete activation and systematization for those works can be carried out successively.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.392-399
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• 1992

Background: Despite dyspnea is a predominant complaint of patients with respiratory disease, the mechanisms contributing to the sensation of breathlessness are poorly understood. Traditionally, physicians have measured objective pulmonary function to assess severity of dyspnea. But it will be also useful to measure subjective dyspnea index because dyspnea probably depends on a complex interplay of mechanical, experimental, emotional and other factors. Method: We measured breathlessness at rest, after Methacholine challenge and then bronchodilator inhalation using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Borg Scale Dyspnea Index (BSDI) in stable asthmatic patients. Spirometry was performed concomittently. Results: There was no correlation between dyspnea index and FEV1. There was also no correlation between the change in dyspnea index and change in FEV1. The change in dyspnea index after methacholine and bronchodilator was greater in clinically mild asthmatic patients than clinically severe symptomatic group. Conclusion: In asthmatic patients, there was a wide variation in sensory response for any given FEV1, and the change in perception of dyspnea was greater in those with clinically mild symptoms. The measurement of dyspnea index may yield information complementary to that obtained by spirometry.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.101-110
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to classify the characteristics of green landscapes in suburban cities and identify methods for managing them. The study site is Matsudo city in the outskirts of Tokyo, Japan. All the greenery in Matsudo was categorized into different landscape patterns using spatial analysis and field surveys. Afterwards, assessments of green landscapes were conducted using questionnaire surveys and factor analyses. There are a variety of green landscapes in Matsudo, formed by a number of different reasons such as urban planning, topographical characters and socio-cultural environments. Twenty different green landscape patterns were identified in Matsudo. The survey concluded that green landscape patterns of parks and rivers in Urbanization Control Areas are more attractive than patterns of farmland or forest in residential areas. Three major factors influenced perceptions: legibility, intimacy and the locality on the landscape assessment. Urban farmland and urban forest are two characteristics of suburban cities, and these green landscapes relate to intimacy or localities in a regional image. Finally, based on the results of this study, some implications were discussed for a green master plan and green landscape management.