• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2009

The purposes of this paper are to present a selection method of neighboring pixels whose local statistics are similar to the center pixel and combine the selection result with mean curvature diffusion filter to reduce noises in remote sensed imagery. The order of selection of neighboring pixels is critical, especially for finding a pixel belonging to the homogeneous region, since the statistics of the homogeneous region vary according to the selection order. An effective strategy for selecting neighboring pixels, which uses rank-order differences vector obtained by computing the intensity differences between the center pixel and neighboring pixels and arranging them in ascending order, is proposed in this paper. By using region growing method, we divide the elements of the rank-ordered differences vector into two groups, homogeneous rank-ordered differences vector and outlier rank-ordered differences vector. The mean curvature diffusion filter is combined with a line process, which chooses selectively diffusion coefficient of the neighboring pixels belonging into homogeneous rank-ordered differences vector. Experimental results using an aerial image and a TerraSAR-X satellite image showed that the proposed method reduced more efficiently noises than some conventional adaptive filters using all neighboring pixels in updating the center pixel.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.31-39
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose an automated method for the ground-glass nodule(GGN) classification using GGN-Net based on intensity, texture, and shape-enhanced images in chest CT images. First, we propose the utilization of image that enhances the intensity, texture, and shape information so that the input image includes the presence and size information of the solid component in GGN. Second, we propose GGN-Net which integrates and trains feature maps obtained from various input images through multiple convolution modules on the internal network. To evaluate the classification accuracy of the proposed method, we used 90 pure GGNs, 38 part-solid GGNs less than 5mm with solid component, and 23 part-solid GGNs larger than 5mm with solid component. To evaluate the effect of input image, various input image set is composed and classification results were compared. The results showed that the proposed method using the composition of intensity, texture and shape-enhanced images showed the best result with 82.75% accuracy.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.13-21
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• 2007

Based on the measurement results, a limit value for the change of the brightness of the headlamp, and an estimation algorithm considering the driver's safety was developed. Limitation values concerning being uncomfortable, blinking, and brightness change were indicated based on a subjective estimation of the psychological estimation. Also a safety estimation algorithm and a limitation value for stopping safely without the threat of obstacles to the vehicle were indicated by the perception measurement.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02b
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• pp.442-449
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• 2006

탈 장르화와 영상의 다양화로 예술에서의 표현의 한계는 극대화 되고 있으며, 디지털 매체를 통한 인터랙션 역시 디지털 아트에서의 보편적인 표현 방법으로 전환 되었다. 예술에서의 상호작용은 보여주는 것에서 참여하는 것으로의 전환을 꿰 하고 있고, 디지털을 기반으로 한 다매체, 다중화가 이를 뒷받침 한다. 상호작용을 위한 디지털 아트 작품을 위해서는 센서를 이용한 표현방법들이 있으나, 기타의 센서도구를 사용치 않고, 단지 카메라로부터 입력된 신호만을 기반으로 영상과 관객의 상호작용을 끌어 낼 수 있다. 이를 위해서는 모션트레킹을 위한 알고리즘을 응용함으로써 사물의 밝기 값에 충족한 데이터를 만들어 낼 수 있고 그에 해당하는 밝기의 변환 값을 이용해 미세한 사물의 변화를 감지 할 수 있는 것이다. 이런 일련의 영상작업을 위해서는 사물의 움직임과 반복성을 얼마만큼 인지하고 감지 해내느냐고 관건인데, 다시 말해 한번 측정한 움직임이 있는 사물의 데이터도 프로그램상에서 계속하여 인지가 되어야 하고, 그 데이터 값을 영상으로 반환하여야 하는데, 이는 영상의 지속적인 변화를 가져 올 수 있다는 걸 의미한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 모션 트래킹의 기본 알고리즘을 제시하고 영상작품과 인턱래션작품의 변환를 위해 사용된, 센서 대체도구인 웹 캠의 데이터 즉, 색상 값과 밝기 값을 적절하게 활용함으로써 표현의 다양성을 이끌어 내고 디지털 인터랙티브 작품으로써의 제작을 꾀하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.527-530
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• 2012

비디오 데이터를 효율적으로 검색, 정렬, 탐색, 분류하기 위해서는 프레임 간의 샷 전환 탐지가 선행되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 디지털 비디오 데이터의 샷 전환 탐지를 위해 비디오 스트림을 구성하고 있는 각 프레임들 간의 화소 밝기 차이와 히스토그램의 변화를 이용하였다. 플래쉬 등과 같은 인위적이고 급격한 화소 밝기변화에 의한 오류를 최소화하기 위해 샷 전환 탐지 이전에 각 프레임 간의 밝기 보상을 적용하였다. 밝기 보정 된 프레임으로부터 프레임의 서브 블록 간의 지역적 화소 밝기 정보, 그리고 프레임의 화소 밝기 값 히스토그램을 비교하여 샷 전환을 탐지한다. 실험에서 제안된 알고리즘은 국가기록원 소장 비디오에 적용하여 효과가 있음을 보였다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.519-528
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• 2012

Voice activity detection (VAD) is generally conducted by extracting features from the acoustic signal and a decision rule. The performance of such VAD algorithms driven by the input acoustic signal highly depends on the acoustic noise. When video signals are available as well, the performance of VAD can be enhanced by using the visual information which is not affected by the acoustic noise. Previous visual VAD algorithms usually use single visual feature to detect the lip activity, such as active appearance models, optical flow or intensity variation. Based on the analysis of the weakness of each feature, we propose to combine intensity change measure and the optical flow in the mouth region, which can compensate for each other's weakness. In order to minimize the computational complexity, we develop simple measures that avoid statistical estimation or modeling. Specifically, the optical flow is the averaged motion vector of some grid regions and the intensity variation is detected by simple thresholding. To extract the mouth region, we propose a simple algorithm which first detects two eyes and uses the profile of intensity to detect the center of mouth. Experiments show that the proposed combination of two simple measures show higher detection rates for the given false positive rate than the methods that use a single feature.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2009

Using the projected 2-dimensional tilted images obtained from the transmission electron microscopy, we can reconstruct the 3-dimensional structures of objects, such as cells. As a preprocessing procedure, the tilted images should be registered and compensated in terms of the spatial position and the intensity difference, respectively. In this paper, we employ the fiducial marker-based approach to perform a registration, and introduce a simple intensity compensation scheme. Based on the transmissivity image formation model, we propose an algorithm that can compensate the components of the illumination and transmissivity of each image according to the tilted angle. Numerical analysis using real images obtained from the transmission electron microscopy are shown in this paper to show the performance of the proposed algorithm.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.380-382
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• 1999

파노라마 영상은 카메라의 동작을 고려하여 시공간적으로 영상을 정렬한 영상으로서 효과적으로 비디오 데이터를 표현할 수 있는 방법이다. 그러나 기존의 파노라마 영상 구성 기법들은 영상을 정렬할 때 오버랩(overlap)되는 화소값들을 단순히 미디언 필터링하기 때문에 시간의 경과에 따른 밝기값의 동적인 변화를 수용하지 못한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이런 문제점을 해결하기 위해 시간적으로 증가하는 가중치를 사용하여 영상을 통합함으로써 최근의 영상 정보를 충분히 반영하는 파노라마 영상 구성 방법을 제안한다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.608-617
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• 2017

Methods of contrast enhancement have problem such as side effect of over-enhancement with non-gaussian histogram distribution, tradeoff enhancement efficiency against brightness preserving. In order to enhance contrast at various histogram distribution, segmentation to region with gaussian distribution and then enhance contrast each region. First, we segment an image into several regions using GMM(Gaussian Mixture Model)fitting by that k-mean clustering and EM(Expectation-Maximization) in $L^*a^*b^*$ color space. As a result region segmentation, we get the region map and probability map. Then we apply local contrast enhancement algorithm that mean shift to minimum overlapping of each region and preserve brightness histogram equalization. Experiment result show that proposed region based contrast enhancement method compare to the conventional method as AMBE(AbsoluteMean Brightness Error) and AE(Average Entropy), brightness is maintained and represented detail information.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a new method dispersing spatially C(Cyan), M(Magenta), Y(Yellow) instead of K(black) in the bright region. The overlapping of black dots decreases brightness in the dark region, and black dots are very sensitive to human visual system in the bright region. Therefore, to avoid this problem, bright and dark gray region in the color image is considered in the proposed approach. A new method which uses CMY simultaneously in single mask is proposed, and CMY dots are used dispersing spatially for the bright region instead of black dot by this method. And tone curve connection is used to consider the gray level of dark region. In previous method, BNM (Blue Noise Mask) has high granularity and a narrow dynamic range. But the proposed method has the low granularity, wide dynamic range, and high contrast properties. Because the proposed method uses three times dots spatially in the different position than a conventional BNM, it can express more spatial information and a similar gray level compared with BNM.