• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.787-795
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of goat and cow milk yogurts containing high-exopolysaccharide fermented by Streptoccous thermophilus LFG isolated from kefir. The pH of cow milk yogurt was higher than that of goat milk yogurt. The contents of lactic acid was greater in goat milk yogurt (743.9-1043.8 mg/100 g) than in cow milk yogurt (441.6-709.9 mg/100 g). The numbers of survival lactic acid bacteria were the greatest in goat milk yogurt fermented by Str. thermophilus LFG. Viscosity was greater in cow and goat milk yogurts cultured by Str. thermophilus LFG than in yogurts by Str. thermophilus TH3. Syneresis of yogurt fermented by Str. thermophilus LFG was 9.6-16.1% and 28.2-31.8% in yogurt fermented by Str. thermophilus TH3 after 10 d storage at $4^{\circ}C$. Flavor compounds identified from goat milk were acetone, ethylbutanoate, ethyl-3-methylbutyrate, ethyl-2-butenoate and ethylhexanoate, and those from cow milk were ethylbutanoate, acetone, 2-heptanone and acetoin. Flavor compounds detected from goat milk and cow milk yogurts were acetic acid, butanoic acid, butanol, diethylcarbinol, acetone, diacetyl, decane, 2-methyl-3-pentanone, hexanal, 2-heptanone, acetoin, benzaldehyde, dimethyldisulfide, and dimethyltrisulfide. In sensory evaluation, overall preference and texture values were higher in goat milk yogurt fermented by Str. thermophilus LFG than in cow milk yogurts and the yogurt fermented by mixed culture resulted in the highest score.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.1414-1417
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• 2000

This study was to investigate effects of the supplementation of the different lactic acid bacteria[Streptococcus thermophilus KCTC 2185 culture group(ST), autoclaved Streptococcus thermophilus KCTC 2185 culture(STS), Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 culture group(LA) and autoclaved Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356(LAS)] on suppression of aluminum accumulation in organs of rats fed with the diet containing $250\;{\mu}g/g$ aluminum sulfate for 4 weeks. Amount of aluminum accumulation in the control rat was in order of bone>lung>heart>large intestine>kidney>liver>brain>small intestine. Effects of reduction of aluminum accumulation by feeding of the four difference fermented milk were in order of LA group>LAS group>ST group>STS group. ST and LA both were more effective than STS and LAS. Ultimately fermented milk was useful in reduction of toxication by accumulating of aluminum in vivo.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.967-974
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• 2009

The effects of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten powder on the growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were investigated in order to explore the possibility of manufacturing fermented milk containing the powder. Differences in pH, acidity, LAB counts, viscosity, and sensory evaluation were measured. Also the effects of dietary supplementation on the growth of piglets were evaluated by feeding fermented milks containing 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, and 1.0% Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten powder. Levels of pH, titratable acidity, viable LAB counts and viscosity were significantly different by the addition of the powder. When fermented milks containg 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5% and 1.0% Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten powder were kept at $4^{\circ}C$ for 30 days, viable LAB counts remained high after 30 days of storage. The effects of dietary supplementation of 0.2% Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten fermented milk were investigated by examining piglet growth rate and fecal ammonia gas release. The piglets were fed 100g/herd of the fermented milk for 14 days. Average daily body weight gain was significantly (p<0.05) improved (110%) with dietary supplementation of the fermented milk, compared to a control group. More over, fecal ammonia gas emissions were reduced by dietary supplementation of the Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten fermented milk. Sensory evaluation results showed that the samples containing 0.1% and 0.2% Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten powder had the most parameters similar to those of the control.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to produce mulberry extract and silk protein (MS) added yogurt fermented with vegetable lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus acidiproducens) and to determine their physicochemical properties and preference. The physicochemical properties were examined total phenol and antocyanins contents, viscosity, visible cell counts, chromaticity and sensory evaluation. Yogurt made with LP (PL) and BA (BA) had similar pH and titrable acidity and mulberry and MS addition made lower pH and higher titrable acidity than the control (YF) (p <0.05). The MS added yogurt exhibited adaptable acidity in the market. As expected, MS added yogurt had higher redness, and lower lightness and yellowness than no added one regardless of bacteria kinds, in chromaticity (p <0.05). MS added yogurt showed higher value of total phenols and anthocyanins than no MS added one. MS added yogurt also increased the number of live bacteria in the ascending order of than LP, BA, YF, LP + MS, and BA + MS. In sensory evaluation, BA + MS had the higher overall acceptance than the others. In conclusion, yogurt fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus acidiproducens was acceptable as much as the commercial Lactobacillus. Moreover, MS added yogurt fermented with Bacillus acidiproducens was the most preferred, based on physicochemical properties and overall acceptability for sensory evaluation.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.112-120
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• 2020

This study was conducted to verify the physiological activity of heat-killed Enterococcus faecalis EF-2001 probiotics in fermented milk. The anti-inflammatory effects of fermented milk supplemented with different concentrations (0, 100, and 500 ㎍/mL) of E. faecalis EF-2001 were determined using MTT assay and nitric oxide inhibition assay. The MTT assay was performed using RAW 264.7 cells. Results revealed that the rates of cytotoxicity and cell survival decreased significantly with increase in the concentration of heat-killed probiotics (p<0.05). Moreover, fermented milk supplemented with 100 ㎍/mL EF-2001 (EFM1) and the fermented milk supplemented with 500 ㎍/mL EF-2001 (EFM2) exhibited higher nitric oxide inhibition than normal fermented milk (NFM). Additionally, EFM2 significantly reduced the ratio of prostaglandin E₂ compared to NFM (p<0.05). In conclusion, the treatment sample showed higher anti-inflammatory activity than NFM. The findings of this study could be used as a basic guideline for manufacturing of NFM supplemented with heat-killed probiotics.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.514-520
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• 2004

The antioxidative effects of fermented milk, mushroom extract and fermented milk containing its extract (Lentinus edodes, Ganoderna lucidum, and Pleurotus ostreatus) on the lipid peroxidation in the tissues of female Sprague-Dawley rats and on the DPPH ($\alpha,\alpha$' -diphenyl-$\beta$-picrylhydrazyl) radical donating ability were studied. The total concentrations of polyphenolic compound in Lentinus edodes, Ganoderma lucidum and Pleurotus ostreatus were 0.34, 0.20 and 0.34%, respectively. The DPPH donating abilities of mushroom extract, fermented milk, fermented milk containing its extract and BHT (butylated hydorxytoluene) as standard were 33.9, 34.9, 51.9 and 95.6%, respectively. Experimental diet groups were divided into five groups: the normal diet (ND), the cholesterol diet (CD), and cholesterol + fermented milk diet (CDFM), cholesterol + mushroom extract diet (CDME) and cholesterol + fermented milk containing mushroom extract diet (CDFMME). The concentrations of lipid peroxide in liver and its microsome were significantly lower in both CDFM and CDFMME groups than in the other groups. The kidney concentration of lipid peroxide was significantly higher in the CD group than in the ND group, but this rise were significantly decreased in the CDFM and CDFMME groups. Meanwhile, the concentrations of heart and spleen and their fractions were not significantly different among dietary groups. This study was suggested that the fermented milk diet containing mushroom extract effectively reduced the lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney of cholesterol-fed female rats.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the properties of crude exopolysaccaride (CEPS) produced by Streptococcus thermophilus LFG in goat milk. The yields of CEPS from yogurt cultured with Str. thermophilus LFG were greater at higher temperatures $(40-45^{\circ}C)$ than at lower temperatures $(30-35^{\circ}C)$. Goat milk yogurt had lower viscosity values than cow milk yogurt. However, the CEPS yield was higher in goat milk yogurt than in cow milk yogurt. The yields of CEPS from yogurt were also higher in cultured milk containing 3% glucose (14-21%), and 3% sucrose (4-16%) relative to the control yogurt. Antioxidant activities were higher in goat milk yogurt supernatant (21%) and its CEPS (28%) than cow milk yogurt supernatant (11%) and its CEPS (24%). The amino acid contents of CEPS were higher in yogurt using goat milk than that using cow milk. The CEPS extracted from goat milk yogurt produced by Str. thermophilus LFG consists of carbohydrate (37% w/w) and protein (63% w/w). The CEPS consisted of monosaccharides such as glucose 56.45% (w/w), galactose 42.35% (w/w), galactosamine 1.37% (w/w), glucosamine 1.09% (w/w) and fucose 0.27% (w/w).

• 우유
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• s.60 spring
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• pp.5-12
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• 1995

발효유 시장의 판도가 재편될 조짐을 보이고 있다. 오는 96년 유제품 시장의 완전 개방으로 신제품 개발과 기술 경쟁이 불가피한 실정에 놓이게 되자 유가공업체는 앞 다퉈 고부가 가치 상품을 직접 공략하는 추세다. 이에 따라 각 업체는 단순가공처리로 부가가치가 낮은 일반 시유나 조제분유 등의 생산 비중을 점차 낮추고 최근 매출이 급신장하는 요구르트 제품 및 치즈 등 고부가 가치성 제품 개발에 주력하고 있다. 가장 눈에 띄는 것은 90년대 초 정통요구르트로 각광받았던 떠먹는 요구르트(호상요구르트)의 퇴조 대신 떠먹는 불편함을 없앤 드링크요구르트[D/Y]가 급격한 신장세를 보이면서 발효유 시장을 휩쓸고 있다. 차세대 요구르트로 불리는 드링크요구르트가 요구르트 시장을 주도하고 있는 가운데 요구르트에 칼슘 · 미네랄 · 비타민 등을 강화한 고기능성 제품도 속속 개발되고 있다.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.94-97
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• 1999

Evaluation of capsulated yogurt for bowels was carried out. To the twenty volunteers who has selfconsciousness of constipation, thc two bottles of capsulated yogurt were applied daily for two weeks. By the results, totally 90% of volunteers replied that their constipation was loosing during the application and 95% after the 2 weeks of stopping the application.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.306-309
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• 2005

본 연구는 기능성 발효유로서 티벳산 발효유에서 분리한 효모(Kluyveromyces marxianus)와 유산균(Lactobacillus bulgaricus)의 혼합스타터를 이용한 발효유를 제조하여 배양 기간별 균수측정, pH, 적정산도, Alcohol 함량, 항암활성에 대해 알아보았다. 배양은 산도 0.68%, 최종 pH가 4.5가 되는 시점에서 마치게 되는데 이때의 배양 온도는 $30^{\circ}C$, 배양기간은 36시간이었다. 이때의 균수는 K. marxianus는 $5.3{\times}10^9$) CFU/mL, L. bulgaricus는 $3.2{\times}10^9$ CFU/mL였고 Alcohol 함량은 0.35%까지 증가하였다. 36시간 배양하여 제조된 발효유의 항종양 활성은 Hep-2에 대해서는 90.5%, HEC-1B는 86.6%, SW-156은 60.3%, SK-MES-1은 57.14%의 높은 항종양활성을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과 기존의 유산균 발효유에 효모를 첨가한 알코올 발효유의 제조가 가능하며, 제품의 항종양 활성의 측면에서도 높은 기능성을 나타내는 것으로 나타났다.