• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.7 no.4 s.26
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• pp.203-210
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• 2005

The penetration and viscosity tests have been used for the evaluation of the aged asphalt binder performance change. The improved test method has been required because the conventional tests could not evaluate the viscoelastic characteristics and the real behaviour of the aged asphalt binder. The conventional test methods using a different short term aged asphalt binder were tested and the test results were expressed as the penetration index and the residual penetration. The oscillatory and rotational mode tests were performed to find out the rheological characteristics of the short term aged asphalt binder in this study. The test results showed that the change of testing frequency, the speed of the vehicle effects the complex modules and phase angles. The creep compliance and shear viscosity also showed the different test results when the short term aged asphalt binders were tested. The rheological behavior should consider when the pavement design is conducted.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.95-106
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• 2009

This study was intended to identify the effect of the wetting on a long-term compression settlement of the rock/soil mixture used as fill material, depending on compaction and grading conditions. The relatively large settlement happened under the fully-submerged condition, and a repeated settlement was monitored when moisture content increased over and over again like the rainfall infiltration. In case of the materials without fine fractions or compacted in wet condition, the settlement caused by wetting was relatively low. In conclusion, the long-term compression settlement of granular (rock/soil mixture) fill material is more affected by the increase of water content and temperature change (freezing and thawing) than creep.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1998.05b
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• pp.291-296
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• 1998

노내에서 지지격자 스프링의 잔류 탄성변위는 시간(연소도)에 따라 변하게 된다. 이는 격자판의 중성자 조사에 의한 길이방향의 성장으로 지지격자 셀 크기의 증가와 피복관의 크리프에 의한 직경의 감소 및 중성자 조사에 의한 지지격자 스프링력의 이완으로 인한 것이다. 만일 지지격자 스프링의 거동이 변하여 연료봉을 탄성적으로 지지하지 못할 경우 이것은 연료봉의 유체에 의한 진동을 가속시키게 되며, 연료봉과 지지격자 스프링이나 딤플간의 반복적인 고주기의 충격하중은 연료봉의 지지부와 봉간(grid-to-rod)의 프레팅 마모의 원인이 될 수 있다. 따라서 시간에 따라 변하는 변수들의 영향을 고려한 지지격자 스프링의 잔류 탄성변위를 예측할 수 있는 방법론을 정립하여 새로운 지지격자체의 개발시 건전한 연료봉의 지지거동을 평가할 수 있는 도구로 활용하고자 하였다.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.181-188
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• 1993

In this study, a numerical method for the material nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete shell structures including the time dependent effects due to creep and shrinkage is developed. Degenerate shell elements with the layered approach are used. The perfect or strain hardening plasticity model in compression and the linearly elastic model in tension until cracking for concrete are employed. The reinforcing bars are considered as a steel layer of equivalent thickness. Each :steel layer has an uniaxial behaviour resisting only the axial force in the bar direction. A bilinear idealization is adopted to model elasto-plastic stress-strain relationships. For the nonlinear anaysis, incremental load method combined with unbalanced load iterations for each load increment is used. To include time dependent effects of concrete, time domain is divided into several time steps which may have different length. Some numerical examples are presented to study the validity and applicability of the present method. The results are compared with experimental and numerical results obtained by other investigator.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.87-96
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• 2004

As a special concrete, which is a mixture of soil, cement and water, has strength like regular concrete for pavement, soil cement has been used in various field such as pavement and soft soil improvement. The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristic of unconfined compressive strength and time dependent behavior of soil cement that is made from decomposed granite soil or coluvial and inorganic solidification liquid. The results showed that the unconfined compressive strength appears to increase as the amount of cement and curing time increase In addition, the strength seems to decrease with increase of the potion of fine particles(No 200 sieve). The result of XRD indicated that there is Vermiculite, the product of reaction, in the soil cement. The dynamic properties of material, such as shear complex compliance, shear complex modulus, and phase angle could be calculated from the hysteresis loop obtained from the Haversine Creep Tests. Finally, creep behavior was able to be predicted from these dynamic properties.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.75-85
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• 2008

Moisture damage of asphalt mixtures can occur because of a loss of bond between the asphalt binder and the fine and coarse aggregates. Therefore, moisture damage on asphalt pavements is the main cause of potholes, which is one of the main distress type of asphalt pavement. The purpose of this study is to evaluation effect moisture damage on material properties of asphalt mixtures through the laboratory performance test. The existing Modified Lottman test procedure was improved and the number of times that thermal cyclic conditioning can be added until the asphalt mixtures is damaged, was tested in order to exhibit the changes of the material properties because of moisture damage by immersion. Through the above experiments, it was found that the material properties of asphalt mixtures on room-temperature were rapidly decreased with loss of about 50% at initial stage of moisture damage caused by the amount of repeated immersion. Also, it was found that the property damage ratio using material properties of failure energy and $DCSE_f$ by test temperature $25^{\circ}C$ were showed a high relationship to moisture damage of the asphalt mixtures caused by the amount of repeated immersion.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.7 no.2 s.24
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• pp.69-76
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• 2005

While the repeated traffic loading accumulates the damage of asphalt pavement, the damage has being healed during rest periods. And then, this healing enhances the fatigue life of asphalt pavement. A method was developed to determine the healing rate of asphalt mixture in terms of recovered dissipated creep strain energy (DCSE) per unit time, and the healing properties of four different asphalt mixtures were evaluated. The test procedure consists of repeated loading test and periodical resilient modulus tests. A normalized healing rate in terms of $DCSE/DCSE_{applied}$ was defined to evaluate the healing properties independently of the amount of damage incurred in the mixture. From the test results, it was concluded that the healing rates of asphalt mixtures were increased exponentially as the temperature was increased and more affected by the structural characteristics of mixture such as asphalt content than the binder characteristics such as the polymer modification.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.2133-2141
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• 1995

The thermo-mechanical fatigue tests were performed on the specimens extracted from 1.5Cr-0. 67Mo-0.33V alloy. The characteristics of thermo-mechanical fatigue crack propagation were examined and reviewed in view of fracture mechanics. The results obtained from the present study are summarized as follows : (1) The propagation characteristics of isothermal low-cycle fatigue crack are dominated by .DELTA.J$_{f}$ in case of PP waveform, and .DELTA.J$_{c}$ in case of CP waveform. (II)The propagation characteristics of thermo-mechanical fatigue crack are dominated by .DELTA.J$_{c}$ for in-phase case, and by .DELTA.J$_{c}$ for out-of-phase. The present results were in good agreement with the equation of propagation law for isothermal low-cycle fatigue crack in case of thermo-mechanical fatigue.tigue.e.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.8 no.3 s.29
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• pp.21-28
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• 2006

Field or laboratory wheel tracking tests have been employed for the evaluation of the rutting potential of asphalt paving mixtures. Compared to field tests, laboratory wheel tracking tests are much less expensive and more manageable for most road projects. However, most test laboratories are not equipped to perform such tests because there does not exist any standard test procedure, and the required equipment is rather expensive. Futhermore, the size of test specimens and the relatively large quantity of test mixture required present difficulties for laboratory specimen mixing and compaction. This paper describes a project conducted to study the feasibility of replacing wheel tracking testsby a repeated-load creep test for rutting potential evaluation. Comparisons were made between the results of the two tests for different test temperatures, loading speeds and applied pressures. Three types of asphalt mixtures were studied in the test program. Favorable conclusions concerning the use of the repeated-load test for rutting potential evaluation were drawn based on the findings of the experimental test results. The correlation between the two types of tests was found to be good for all threeasphalt mixtures. Adopting the repeated-load creep test would lead to cost savings since it employs standard test equipment already available in most laboratories. It would also result in substantial time savings due to the much smaller quantity of mix needed, and the ease in specimen preparation.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.2D
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• pp.243-248
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• 2008

Moisture damage of asphalt pavements can usually occur because of the loss of adhesion and cohesion between the asphalt binder and aggregate in the asphalt mixture due to presence of water. And this is one of the causes that is effect on the main distress of asphalt pavement. The objective of this study is to find out moisture damage characteristics of asphalt pavement. Effects of this study changes of the material properties and resistance characteristics of moisture damage on the asphalt mixtures under various temperatures and repeated immersion using indirect tensile test and modify Lottman test were evaluated during this study. The asphalt mixtures were produced using straight asphalt binder, SBS modified asphalt binder and aggregates. The material properties (resilient modulus, indirect tensile strength, failure energy and $DCSE_f$) of the asphalt mixtures were generally decreased with increasing to moisture damage caused by the number of repeated immersion. The decrease ratios of material properties by repeated immersion on SBS modified asphalt mixtures were lower than those of straight asphalt mixtures at all three test temperatures. As a conclusion, current criterion for evaluation moisture damage of asphalt mixtures is difficult for using distinction standard because of the limited evaluation criterion with one time immersion and single material property. Based on this research, to evaluate long term moisture damage on asphalt mixtures, material property tests of various kinds with repeated immersion test are considered.