• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.145-152
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• 2021

In this study, we have examined the effect of open innovation of SMEs on innovation performance of firms. Most studies do not consider internal generation in relation to open innovation and innovation performance.We conducted empirical studies to overcome this problem. The research was carried out by collecting data collected from 512 SMEs and the 3SLS method was used to minimize the internal generation. As a result, open innovation investment and use of external ideas among SMEs' open innovation have positively influenced project success and technical performance. But, the introduction of technology and cooperation with the research organization did not affect the innovation performance, which is presumed to be due to the fact that the open innovation of SMEs is limited to relatively inexpensive activities. Therefore, in order to promote open innovation of SMEs, it is necessary to provide support for relatively high-cost activities and to improve the innovation performance of enterprises. In order to reduce the difficulties of open innovation activities, domestic universities and research institutes should support the construction of enterprise networks and actively support the utilization of technology to expand innovation performance.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigated the anti-aging and anti-wrinkles effects of the pinus koreaiensis seed(PKS) oil. Methods : The anti-oxidant effect was performed by beta-carotene bleaching assay and the intracellular proteome was analyzed expression of each 15 proteins by 2-D electrophoresis. And fatty acid was analysed by gas chromatography. Anti-wrinkle effect was analyzing human skin by the PRIMOS system. Results : Fatty acid analysis of PKS oil has shown oleic acid was 49.7% and linoleic acid was 34.1%. And the antioxidant effect was about 125% compared with alpha-tocoperol(0.1%) by beta carotene bleaching assay. In 2D PAGE analysis, fifteen protein changes in five mechanisms which was collagen synthesis pathway, MMPs, ECM-cell interaction, cytokine, antioxidant enzymes were analyzed. In case of anti-wrinkle effect was proved in vivo by analyzing human skin by the PRIMOS system. The analysis results of eye wrinkles for 4 weeks showed an improvement effect of over 6%. Conclusions : In this study, the amount of protein change in the five mechanism through the cell experiment and the skin anti wrinkle efficacy by the human in vivo test were investigated. As a result pinus koreaiensis seed oil by supercritical extraction could be used as a anti-aging and anti-wrinkle substance for the skin.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.1335-1344
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• 2021

Ginsenoside Compound K is a triterpene saponin found in the leafs, stems and roots of Panax ginseng. This study aimed to prepare a valuable ginsenoside Compound K using ginseng extracts with the enzyme(Plantase). Plantase showed very efficient activity to produce Compound K from ginseng extracts. Plantase exhibited the highest activity at pH 5 and 50 ℃, as a result of investigating the yield of Compound K by changing the temperature and pH, while fixing the enzyme concentration to 10% or 15% over 48 hours of reaction time. Under optimium conditions, Plantase produced and accumulated Compound K over 35 wt% of whole ginseng extracts. Antimicrobial activitiy of bioconvertied ginseng extracts showed selectivity against Cutibacterium acnes KCTC 3314. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of bioconverted ginseng extract (35% of Compound K enriched extract) against Cutibacterium acnes KCTC 3314 strain is 31.25ug/mL. These results suggest that the Compound K enriched extract is potential materials for cosmetic products and Plantase is a very useful enzyme for Compound K production.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.71-78
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• 2021

Since most functions of modern aircraft are controlled by software, software errors are directly related to aircraft safety. The criterion in Chapter 15 of the MIL-HDBK-516C addresses safe development and verification of military aircraft software. As the U.S. Air Force repeatedly experienced non-compliance with Chapter 15 criterion of the MIL-HDBK-516C, it published an Airworthiness Circular (AC-17-01) as a guide to meeting the criterion. In this paper, Chapter 15 of MIL-HDBK-516C, AC-17-01 and the SW Qualification Guideline (DO-178C) as applied by the Federal Aviation Administration are compared and analyzed. For the analysis, a matching ratio formula between the MIL-HDBK-516C criteria specified in AC-17-01 and the DO-178C specified in MIL-HDBK-516C criteria is defined. The sections that satisfy MIL-HDBK-516C criterion are derived when AC-17-01 or DO-178C matches. Based on the analysis results, the aircraft software development process is established and examples of application of Chapter 15 of MIL-HDBK-516C are addressed.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.245-254
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• 2021

In this study, organic materials in Dancheong specimens were analyzed to establish a Dancheong preparation method in Unhangak Hall of Hwaryeongjeon Shrine, Suwon. IR and pyrolysis/GC/MS were applied to a Zuhong specimen and a gilded one. The IR spectra showed absorption peaks corresponding to C-O, C=O, OH, although they were different from those of animal glue, Asian lacquer, and drying oil. The Pyrolysis/GC/MS after the on-line methylation revealed Asian lacquer-derived components, such as methyl 7-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)heptanoate, and drying oil-derived components, such as nonanedioic acid, dimethyl ester. Based on these results, we estimated that Asian lacquer and drying oil were used in the Dancheong preparation. Small amounts of 3-methyl-1H-pyrrole were also detected, which could possibly originate from animal glue. The radiocarbon age of the specimens appeared to be between the late 17^th to the early 20^th century. This study potentially reports the first case of Asian lacquer detection in a Dancheong specimen in Korea.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.734-746
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• 2020

Purpose: Increase in the size and number of underpasses rises occurrence of disasters such as fire and flooding inundation in underpasses. In the occurrence of disasters, the underpasses are more vulnerable to expose of crucial disasters than the general roads due to they are built underground. Therefore, The purpose of this paper is to derive system improvement items to prevent and control disasters in underpasses. Method: A hierarchical model of disaster impact factors and alternatives was developed based on prior researches and expert advices on disaster analyses and impact factors in the underpasses. The developed model was employed for surveys of pairwise comparison, and rankings of improvement were determined by applying the AHP method. Result: With a consistency of the surveys, results of relative weights of evaluation criteria(traffic accidents, fire, flooding inundation) and alternatives(law, system/planning, maintenance/human factor/environment) shows that improvement of laws and system related to the fire disaster is a top priority to prevent and control disaster of the underpasses. Conclusion: From experts' point of view, strengthening laws and systems related to disater prevention facilities such as water spray facilities, external(ground) exit in relation to fire in underpasses showed that it is an alternative to prevent disasters and minimize damage to underpasses.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.381-393
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• 2021

Physical, mechanical, hydraulic, and geophysical tests were applied to validate methods of inspecting the effectiveness of grouting on an agricultural reservoir dam. Data obtained from series of in situ and laboratory tests considered four stages: before grouting; during grouting; immediately after grouting; and after aging the grouting for 28 days. The results of SPT and triaxial tests, including the unit weight, compressive strength, friction angle, cohesion, and N-value, indicated the extent of ground improvement with respect to grout injection. However, they sometimes contained errors caused by ground heterogeneity. Hydraulic conductivity obtained from in situ variable head permeability testing is most suitable for identifying the effectiveness of grouting because the impermeability of the ground increased immediately after grouting. Electric resistivity surveying is useful for finding a saturated zone and a seepage pathway, and multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) is suitable for analyzing the effectiveness of grouting, as elastic velocity increases distinctly after grouting injection. MASW also allows calculation from the P- and S- wave velocities of dynamic properties (e.g., dynamic elastic modulus and dynamic Poisson's ratio), which can be used in the seismic design of dam structures.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.381-381
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• 2019

동남아시아의 급격한 도시인구 증가는 도시화로 파생되는 제반문제를 유발하고 있으며 특히 집중호우와 홍수배제 시설의 부족 및 유관시설의 정보관리체계 부재는 홍수 피해규모를 가중시키고 있다. 인도네시아의 경우 물 재해 관리기관 간의 정보공유체계 부재로, 홍수로 인한 문제해결에 대하여 효과적인 대응이 어려운 실정이다. 주요 물 관리 기관인 유역관리청(BBWS)의 경우 조기홍수경보시스템을 보유하고 있으나 단순 수문현황 모니터링에 국한되어 운영되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 홍수피해를 최소화 할 수 있는 동남아시아 맞춤형 물 재해 관리 클라우드 플랫폼을 개발하여 비구조적 홍수 문제해결의 매개체로 활용하고자 한다. 기본적인 유역 수문현황 모니터링과 함께 댐, 보, 배수문 및 펌프장 등 홍수방어시설물의 운영현황 정보, 홍수상황분석, 홍수위험지도 등 종합적인 물 재해 정보를 제공하고 사전에 홍수위험 지역을 분석하여 유관기관과 공유할 수 있는 물 재해 관리 의사결정지원시스템을 개발하고자 한다. 기본적인 정보관리 체계화를 위하여 인도네시아의 다양한 물 재해 관련기관에서 보유하고 있는 자료들의 통합 클라우드 DB관리 시스템을 구축하였다. 연구대상지역은 인도네시아 수도인 자카르타의 Pesanggrahan유역과 인근 Batam섬 Baloi유역을 선정하였으며 대상 유역의 수문, 기상자료 및 GIS 정보수집은 공동연구기관인 인도네시아 공공사업부 수자원청(MPWH)과 주요 물 관리기관인 유역관리청(BBWS)의 협조를 통하여 진행하였다. 수집된 자료들은 관계형 데이터베이스 관리시스템인 MySQL을 사용하여 통합 물 재해 정보 데이터베이스를 구축하였으며 완성된 데이터베이스의 정보제공 및 공유시스템은 웹기반 인터페이스를 통해 관리되도록 설계하였다. 홍수유출 해석을 위한 분석 엔진은 K-water의 홍수분석 시스템인 FAS를 이용하였다. FAS의 홍수분석모형인 COSFIM과 수리모형인 Fldwav를 연계하는 데이터 분석 플랫폼을 완성하였으며 인도네시아 현지 조건에 부합하는 홍수분석 시스템으로 Customizing과정을 수행하였다. 또한 FAS의 PC기반 시뮬레이션 형식을 DB 연계형 웹서비스 방식으로 연동되도록 개량하였으며 추후 SaaS형 물 재해 분석시스템으로 전환할 수 있는 개발환경을 확보하였다. 개발된 물 재해 분석 플랫폼(WRMP)을 활용하여 인도네시아 공동연구기관과의 협의를 통해 물 재해 관리 시나리오를 수립하고 그 대안을 제시하였으며, 적용 시나리오별 홍수피해 저감 효과를 분석하였다. 또한 향후 방재시설물까지 연계하여 운영효과를 분석할 수 있도록 구조화하였다. 개발된 물 재해 관리 시스템은 개선된 정보처리 및 분석시스템을 활용하여 종합적인 물 재해정보를 제공하고, 사전에 홍수위험 지역을 분석하여 유관기관과 공유할 수 있는 물 재해 관리 의사결정 지원시스템으로써 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.240-247
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify the professional identity levels and characteristics of occupational therapists through Rasch analysis and to use this as the basis for further assessment and research on the same subject. An online survey was conducted, and the response of 88 people working as occupational therapists between May and June 2020 was analyzed. The collected data included the frequency, analyzed by SPSS 22.0 and technical statistics, Winsteps 3.8.0 target and item suitability, item difficulty, level scale, and separation reliability. According to the analysis, 17 (16.3%) of the subjects and 5 (20%) out of 25 items were unsuitable. Item difficulty was the highest in the category "I systematically read professional publications on occupational therapy", and the lowest level of difficulty in "I make my own decisions about what to do." The three-point scale was suitable for the equilibrium scale, and the separation reliability was between .86 and .95. Thus, identity levels and characteristics of occupational therapists, the suitability of items and subjects, and difficulty levels can be identified through Rasch analysis. In the future, research should be conducted on various sample groups, to develop identity measurement tools specifically for occupational therapists, and to present items appropriate to the characteristics of their work.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.99-108
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• 2021

This is a study on the type of perception about the transition of female firefighters to emergency car drivers. The purpose of this study is to identify the perception of the female firefighters on the circulation of emergency car drivers and to identify the characteristics of each type of firefighting officers and to provide basic data for the development and utilization of the emergency car drivers' work of female firefighters. The Q-sample of 27 statements was conducted on 31 subjects including 26 women and 5 men, and the data were analyzed using the QUANL program. As a result, the three types classified explained 60.8 % of the total variance, and the explanation power of each type was 50 % for type I, 5.6 % for type II, and 5.2% for type III. Type I was named 'feminist type', type II was named 'future-oriented type', and type III was named 'educational preparation type'. According to the perception of emergency cars by female firefighters, it was investigated that discrimination caused by gender should be eliminated and female firefighters can drive an emergency car if preparation and systematic education are made. Therefore, fire officials need to develop their personal abilities through gender equality and systematic education programs.