• Korean Security Journal
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• no.30
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• pp.61-83
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• 2012

Al-Qaeda follower who planned to attacks the Pentagon and the Assembly by unmanned aircraft equipped with explosives was caught in the dictionary in September 2011. In addition, high-performance unmanned aerial vehicles in the United States 'sentinel' of the technology being leaked to Iran in late 2011 was an accident. Terrorist attacks on the forces used unmanned aircraft will be the day the not too distant. The purpose of this research is to provide response plans against acts of terrorism utilizing unmanned aircrafts to prevent large losses of lives such as the terrorist attacks of September 11. Discussing in detail, this research suggests revising and newly implementing the definition and categorization of unmanned aircrafts as well as relevant punishment in current aeronautics regulations as an initial response against acts of terrorism utilizing unmanned aircrafts. This is in order to newly implement and revise current relevant regulations that inadequately address the rapidly developing and changing unmanned aircrafts which will lead to increased sense of alarm for the potential terrorists, and also to introduce a systematic tool to punish those who commit such acts by clearly establishing the grounds for punishment. Also, under the binary operating system over airspace currently implemented globally, it is impossible to identify and control the infiltration of airspace by unmanned aircrafts. Recognizing such limitations, this research suggests a combined operation of airspace for unmanned and manned aircrafts as a second way of response for acts of terrorism utilizing unmanned aircrafts. A systematic integrated operation of airspace will appropriately control unmanned/ manned aircrafts that were not previously reported or otherwise have deviated from navigation routes, and will be able to prevent terrorism attempts utilizing aircrafts beforehand.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.37-61
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• 2013

In modern international law, the absence of legal definition regarding drone(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) has made legal scholars work on an typical analogy between aircraft codified in the international document and drone. The wording of the Convention on International Civil Aviation is limited to two categories of aircraft, such as civil aircraft and state aircraft, whereas military aircraft is not legally defined. As such it is, the current practices of the State regarding the drone flight over foreign territory have proven a hypothese that drone is being deemed as military aircraft. Principal usage of drone lies in reconnaissance and surveillance mission as well as so-called targeted killing, which is prohibited if the killing is treacherous. Claimed war against terrorism, however, is providing a legal rationale that targeted killing is not treacherous, and that the targeted person is not civilian but combatant. In such context, armed attack of drone is deemed legal and justified. Consequently, such attack is legal in the general context of the war. The rules that govern targeting do not turn on the type of weapon system used, and there is no prohibition under the laws of war on the use of technologically advanced weapons systems in armed conflict so long as they are employed in conformity with applicable laws of war. Drones may present interesting new challenges because of their sophistication and the technological advantage they convey to their operators.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.288-293
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to provide response plans against acts of suicide bomb using utilize unmanned aircrafts to prevent large losses of lives such as the terrorist attacks of September 11. As the result, First, this research suggests revising the definition and categorization of utilizing unmanned aircrafts and legislating the Anti-terrorism law. Second, it is needed to establish the proper social safety network through terrorism response management integrated system against the terror of related organization. Third, suicide bomb using utilizing unmanned aircrafts can be occurred because it is possible to make bomb and open web site for terrorism without connection with terrorist organization because of universal use of Internet. In response to this, it is needed to make a law which can block the use and open of illegal site and contents. Forth, the increasing number of foreigners and immigrants can make conflicts, and cause the foreigner's anti-korea feeling and the citizen's anti-cultural diffusion. Therefore, it is needed for the citizen to change and improve the awareness of them, and the change of social politics.

• The Science & Technology
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• s.508
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• pp.15-19
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• 2011

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.3-39
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• 2011

People may operate unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs or drones) thousands of miles from the drone's location. Drones were first used (like balloons) for surveillance. By 2001, the United States began arming drones with missiles and using them to strike targets during combat in Afghanistan. By mid-2010, over forty states and other entities possessed drones, many with the capability of launching missiles and dropping bombs. Each new development in military weapons technology invites assessment of the relevant international law. This Insight surveys the international law applicable to the recent innovation of weaponizing drones. In determining what international law rules govern drone use, the most salient feature is not the fact that drones are unmanned. The fact drones carry no human operator may be the most important new technological breakthrough, but the key feature for international law purposes is the type of weaponry drones carry. Whether law enforcement rules govern drone use depends on the situation and not necessarily who is operating the drone. Battlefield weapons may also be lawfully used before an armed conflict in the following situations: when initiating self-defense under Article 51 of the United Nations Charter; when authorized by the UN Security Council; when a government seeks to suppress internal armed conflict; and, perhaps, when a state is invited to assist a government in suppressing internal armed conflict. The rules governing resort to force in self-defense are found in Article 51 of the UN Charter and a number of decisions by international courts and tribunals. Commentators continue to debate whether drone technology represents the next revolution in military affairs. Regardless of the answer to that question, drones have not created a revolution in legal affairs. The current rules governing battlefield launch vehicles are adequate for regulating resort to drones. More research must be undertaken, however, to understand the psychological effects of deploying unmanned vehicles and the effects on drone operators of sustained, close visual contact with the aftermath of drone attacks.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.53-81
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• 2017

Targeted killing is a modern euphemism for the assassination of an individual by a state organization or institution outside a judicial procedure or a battlefield. Targeted killing using armed drones has raised profound anxieties in legal, policy, and advocacy communities in the United States and abroad, including among UN officials. The bottom line for targeted killing supporters is that targeted killing works as part of a larger counter-terrorism strategy. Targeted killing does what it is supposed to and removes the leader of a group. And despite growing legal, moral, and ethical issues concerning targeted killing, scholars agree that drone strikes and targeted killing operations will stay. The ACLU has sued top CIA and Pentagon decision-makers to seek accountability for the unlawful killings of three U.S. citizens in Yemen last year. Also, strikes by drones are associated with serious problems such as collateral damage to ordinary citizens and friendly fire. Targeted killings by drones also involves several issues to be resolved, including suspicions that they may run counter to domestic law prohibiting assassination, the opacity concerning their definitions and military actions, and the impact of whiplash transition. Finally, targeted killing program and the need for transparency. The assembly referring to resolution invites the committee of ministers to undertake a thorough study of the lawfulness of the use of combat drones for targeted killings and if need be develop guidelines for member states on targeted killings with a special reference to those carried out by combat drones. These guidelines should reflect the states duties under international humanitarian and human rights law in particular the standards laid down in the EC on human rights as interpreted by the european court of human rights.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.21-26
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• 2021

After starting the war on terrorism, the U.S. military began to utilize the strength of its women's workforce by operating a cultural support team (CST) and a women's close combat team (FET) that obtained the information needed for civil operations with emphasis on civil factors. In addition, in order to subdue resistance forces that carry out surprise attacks by covering the shielded terrain of the rugged land or among residents, female personnel with excellent understanding, calmness, and detail were operated as unmanned aircraft operators (RPA). Since the situations that the U.S. has already experienced are likely to be reproduced on the Korean Peninsula, the South Korean military will be able to overcome uncertainties in the future battlefield environment by utilizing the U.S. female workforce.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.18 no.5_2
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• pp.3-10
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• 2018

The drone is an unmanned aircraft that can be steered and controlled using radio waves on the ground, and the pilot moves unmanned without boarding. The history of the unmanned airplane began with military use, and the first unmanned aerial flight was the first successful flight of the 'Sperry Aerial Torpedo' drones built in the United States in 1917 with a bomb. With the development of unmanned aerial technology, the use of military drones has expanded to a wider field. Recently, the use of drones has been utilized in various fields such as agriculture, industry, logistics, broadcasting, and safety, and the scale of the market is also expanding. Although the drones are becoming indispensable to penetrate our lives, they can be used for bad purposes depending on the intended use of the user, but the risk factors are overlooked. Therefore, technical defects related to drones and accidents caused by operator's mistakes can not be completely prevented. However, privacy infringement, security leakage, and terrorism, which may be caused by illegal use of drones, It will not be inhibited and will accelerate.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.633-637
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• 2017

Cyber attacks on aircraft and aeronautical networks are not much different from cyber attacks commonly found in the ground industry. Air traffic management infrastructure is being transformed into a digital infrastructure to secure air traffic. A wide variety of communication environments, information and communications, navigation, surveillance and inflight entertainment systems are increasingly threatening the threat posed by cyber terrorism threats. The emergence of unmanned aircraft systems also poses an uncontrollable risk with cyber terrorism. We have analyzed cyber security standards and response strategies in developed countries by recognizing the vulnerability of cyber threats to aircraft systems and aviation infrastructure in next generation data network systems. We discussed comprehensive measures for cybersecurity policies to consider in the domestic aviation environment, and discussed the concept of security environment and quick response strategies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2008.06b
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• pp.400-404
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• 2008

무인항공기를 이용한 실시간 공중 모니터링은 재난 재해, 테러 등의 위기상황을 사전에 대비하고, 사고 발생 시 피해상황을 신속하게 파악할 수 있는 효율적인 관리 시스템이다. 실시간 공중 모니터링을 위해 무인항공부문에서는 고성능의 카메라, 관성항법장치, 레이저 스캐너, GPS 수신기 등의 다중 센서들을 장착하고, 제어하며 각 센서들로부터 입력받은 데이터 처리 및 지상국으로 데이터 전송이 실시간으로 가능해야 한다. 기존 무인 모니터링 시스템들은 카메라와 같이 단일 센서의 운용을 목적으로 설계되었으나, 본 연구에서는 레이져 스캐너, 적외선카메라를 포함하는 다중센서를 위한 컴퓨터를 설계하였다. 최근 다중센서를 장착한 관측시스템에 관한 연구가 미국 및 유럽에서 수행되고 있으나, 아직 개발이 완료되지 않은 상태이다. 본 논문에서는 고성능 다중 센서 데이터 처리를 위해 실시간 소프트웨어, 고속 대용량 데이터처리 기술, 고속 압축 기술, 이기종 다중 센서들 간의 시각 동기화 기능을 제공하는 탑재컴퓨터의 설계결과를 소개하였다.