• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10b
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• pp.698-701
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• 1996

A novel neural network control scheme is proposed to identify the inverse dynamic model of robot manipulator and to compensate for uncertainties in robot dynamics. The proposed controller is called reference compensation technique(RCT) by compensating at reference input trajectory. The proposed RCT scheme has many benefits due to the differences in compensating position and learning algorithm. Since the compensation is done outside the plant it can be applied to many control systems without modifying the inside controller. It performs well with low controller gain because the operating range of input values is small and the output of the neural network controller is amplified through the controller gain. The back-propagation algorithm is used to train and simulations of three link robot manipulator are carried out to prove the proposed controller's performances.

• The Safety technology
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• no.168
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• pp.18-19
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• 2011

1969년 한국 최초의 Chemical Shoes 공장을 설립한 (주}화승인더스트리. 그로부터 20여년 후인 1990년 화승은 또 한 번의 도전을 시작했다. BOPP 필름사업으로 업종을 변경한 것. 업계는 무모한 도전이라며 우려의 시선을 보냈다. 하지만 (주)화승인더스트리는 그간 축적된 경험과 기술을 기반으로 보란 듯이 승승장구를 거듭했다. 1993년 국내 최초로 통기성 필름사업을 시작한 이래 1995년 신규라인 확장, 1997년 BOPET 필름사업 진출 등 거침없는 성장을 이어간 것이다. 그리고 그 결과, 이제는 누구나 인정하는 국내 최고의 종합필름기업으로 우뚝 올라섰다. 이같은 (주)화승인더스트리의 성공 배경은 무엇일까? 그것은 안전과 환경을 중시하는 이곳의 경영방침에서 찾을 수 있다. 이곳은 다양한 안전활동을 지속적으로 펼쳐나가는 가운데 환경경영시스템인 ISO14001 인증을 획득하는 등 우수안전기업, 친환경기업을 향한 노력을 멈추지 않았다. 기업 스스로가 근로자들의 안전 그리고 지역의 환경을 우선시하면서 관련 업계와 소비자들에게 신뢰할 수 있는 기업이라는 인식을 심어줄 수 있었던 것이다. 빈틈없는 안전관리로 (주)화승인더스트리의 지속적인 발전을 이끌고 있는 이곳의 안전관리자 나창식 차장을 만나봤다.

• Vending industry
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• v.6 no.3 s.18
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• pp.53-57
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• 2006

2007년 자판기 전시회 개최 일정이 잡혔나요? 협회 사무국으로 심심찮게 내년도 VENDING KOREA 개최여부를 묻는 전화가 걸려 온다. 하지만 안타깝게도 내년도 전시회는 무산되었다는 소식을 전해 줄 수밖에 없다. 자판기 분야의 심각한 경기부진은 내년도 전시회 개최를 또 다시 무산시켰다. 이로서 지난 2003년 전시회가 개최된 이래 4년여 동안 차기 전시회가 개최되지 못하는 비운을 맞게 되었다. 실로 안타까운 일이지만 어쩔 수 없다. 개최여건이 안되는 열악한 시장상황에서 무리하게 전시회 개최를 추진하는 것은 무모한 일이다. 차라리 차기 전시회를 위해 힘을 비축하며 쉬어 가는 게 현명하다. 이런 점에서 볼 때 내년은 VENDING KOREA 전시회는 재도약을 위한 충전기이다. 그런데 이런 시기를 보내며 최소한 자판기 전시회의 맥을 잇기 위한 의미 있는 작업이 진행되고 있다. 비록 단독 전시회가 아니더라도 유관 전시회에 자동판매기관을 구성하는 방안이 그 것이다. 협회와 COEX는 2007 프랜차이즈 서울 스프링 전시회에 자동판매기 전시관을 구성하기로 합의하고 본격적인 참가 업체 모집에 들어갔다. 비록 단독 전시회 개최는 무산되었어도 자판기 관련업체들에게 전시회를 통한 대소비자 마케팅 기회를 제공하기 위함이 추진 목적이다. 프랜차이즈 전시회 속에서 새로운 꿈을 꾸게 된 자판기 전시관 구성의 면면을 살펴본다.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.59-76
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• 2011

Starting from a collection V as a model which satisfies the axioms of NBG, we call the elements of V as sets and the subcollections of V as classes. We reconstruct the G$\ddot{o}$del's proof of the consistency of GCH and AC with the axioms of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory by using Mostowski-Shepherdson mapping theorem, reflection principles in Tarski-Vaught theorem and Montague-Levy theorem and the fact that NBG is a conservative extension of ZF.

• Vending industry
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• v.2 no.5 s.6
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• pp.43-49
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• 2002

올 들어 '대박의 꿈'복권시장의 폭발적인 확대와 더불어 복권자판기 시장을 많은 업체들의 우후죽순격 시장가세를 불러 일으켰다. 시류에 편승하는 기획상품으로서의 큰 파급력을 보이여 시장을 확대하던 복권자판기 시장은 그러나 그 영화를 오래 지속하지 못했다. 대다수 업체들이 판매만을 위한 판매 정책을 지향했고, 이에 따라 무리수 있게 필드에 설치된 복권자판기들이 낮은 수익성 등의 문제로 운영효율이 살지 않자 시장성은 급락직하하게 된 것이다. 애초부터 장기적인 유망시장으로 볼 수 없는 분야였기 때문에 업체들의 시장을 이끌고 가는 정책도 단기성 사업에 집착하는 한계를 보인 것이 복권자판기 시장 몰락을 불러일으킨 주요인이다. 불과 1년여도 못가는 단기시장으로서 이미 끝물에 도달한 듯한 복권자판기 시장을 통해 실수요 아이템이 아닌 무리하게 급조된 시장을 형성 발전시켜 가는 것이 얼마나 무모한지를 여실히 느낄 수 있다. 현시점에서 하강곡선을 긋는 복권자판기 시장 현실을 바라보는 기분은 그리 유쾌할 리가 없다. 하지만 산업계가 숙연히 지난 시장 과오를 반성하고 앞으로의 새로운 시장 재편을 준비해야 한다는 점에서 복권자판기 시장의 그 이유 있는 몰락을 심층 분석해 보는 일도 의미 있는 일일 게다.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2008

This Paper introduces a historical background of mathematical logic. Logic and mathematics were not developed dependently until the mid of the nineteenth century, when two streams of logic and mathematics came to form a river so that brought forth synergy effects. Since the mid-nineteenth century mathematization of logic were proceeded while attempts to reduce mathematics to logic were made. Against this background $G{\ddot{o}}del's$ proof shows the limitation of formalism by proving that there are true arithmetical propositions that are not provable.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.80-88
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• 2013

Carrot (Daucus carota L. var. sativa) is one of the most extensively used vegetable crops in the world and a significant source of nutrient because of its high content of ${\beta}$-carotene, well known as the precursor of vitamin A carotenoid. However, seed-hairs generated and elongated from the epidermal cell of seeds inhibit absorption and germination by various factors such as carotol and so on. Accordingly, mechanical hair removal process is essential before commercialization of carrot seeds. Because of this process, producers will have additional losses such as time consuming, manpower, capital and so on. Furthermore, physical damage of seeds causes irregular germination rate. To overcome such cumbersome weaknesses, new breeding program for developing hairless-seed carrot cultivar has been needed and studies for molecular markers related to seed-hair characteristic is needed for a new breeding program. Therefore, in this study, cDNA libraries from seeds of short-hair seed phenotype CT-SMR 616 OP 659-1 line, hairy-seed phenotype CT-SMR 616 OP 677-14 line and short-hair seed phenotype CT-ATR 615 OP 666-13 line, hairy-seed phenotype CT-ATR 615 OP 671-9 were constructed, respectively. Furthermore, 1,248 ESTs in each line, total 4,992 ESTs were sequenced. As a result, 19 SNP sites and 14 SNP sites in each of 2 combinations were confirmed by analyzing these EST sequences from short-hair and hairy-seed lines. Then we designed SNP primer sets from EST sequences of SNP sites for high resolution melting (HRM) analysis. Designed HRM primers were analyzed using hairy seed phenotype CT-SMR 616 OP 1040 line and short-hair seed phenotype CT-SMR 616 OP 1024, 1025, 1026 lines. One set of HRM primers showed specific difference between the melting curves of hairy and short-hair seed phenotype lines. Based on this result, allele-specific (AS) PCR primers were designed for easier selection between hairy-seed carrot and hairless seed carrot. These results of HRM and AS-PCR are expected to be useful in breeding of hairless seed carrot cultivar as a molecular marker.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.343-358
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• 2001

We have examined the pedicel pubescence and other major morphological characters of 11 putative hybrid populations of Aconitum subgn. Aconitum at Mt. Sobaek to understand their origin. These populations show very complicated patterns of variation in pedicel pubescence ; they contain individuals having pedicels (1) completely glabrous, (2) with few micropapillate curved hairs near the receptacle, (3) moderately pubescent with micropapillate curved hairs from middle to upper portion, (4) sparsely pubescent with a mixture of micropapillate curved hairs and smooth-surfaced spreading glandular hairs near the receptacle, and (5) moderately pubescent with both types of hairs but from middle to upper portion. All five types of individuals co-occur in most populations with varying proportions. These results, in conjunction with evidence from the analysis of other major morphological characters, suggest that the populations at Mt. Sobaek were derived from the multiple hybridization events involving A. kusnezoffii, A. japonicum subsup. napiforme, and A. jaluense subsp. jaluense. In addition, the absence of "typical" forms of these putative parental taxa in Mt. Sobaek area suggests that repeated introgression has probably occurred in these populations.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.263-273
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• 2012

Recent studies have uncovered attractive properties of para-coumaric acid (PCA) as a potential skin hywhitening agent. The purpose of the current study was to examine its UVB-shielding effects. Effects of PCA on the viability of HaCaT cells exposed to UVB were assessed in vitro in comparison with other aromatic amino acid metabolites that have similar UV absorption spectra. For in vivo test, PCA cream (1.5 %) and cream base were topically applied to the dorsal skin of SKH-1 hairless mice and the inflammatory responses due to UVB exposure were monitored by changes in skin color (erythema) and thickness (edema). The cream application-UVB exposure regimen was repeated every other day for a total of 12 sessions. When HaCaT cells were irradiated with UVB, there was a dose-dependent decline in cell viability. The cell viability decline due to UVB exposure (10 mJ $cm^{-2}$) was significantly prevented by 100 ${\mu}M$ PCA, cinnamic acid, urocanic acid, or indole acrylic acid by 39, 27, 39, or 31 %, respectively. Topical application of PCA cream onto the dorsal skin of hairless mice (10 ${\mu}g\;cm^{-2}$) attenuated the changes of color parameters, $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$ values, and thickness of the UVB (150 mJ $cm^{-2}$)-exposed skin by 59, 50, 58, and 53 %, respectively. The current study, together with the previous studies that demonstrated the antimelanogenic effects of PCA, suggested that PCA may prevent not only dyspigmentation but also inflammatory reactions in the UVB-exposed skin.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.269-276
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• 2016

Purpose: Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation decreases epidermal hydration, which is maintained by reduction of natural moisturizing factors (NMFs). Among various NMFs, free amino acids (AA) are major constituents generated by filaggrin degradation. This experiment was conducted to determine whether or not dietary supplementation of green tea extract (GTE) in UV-irradiated mice can improve epidermal levels of hydration, filaggrin, free AAs, and peptidylarginine deiminase-3 (PAD3) expression (an enzyme involved in filaggrin degradation). Methods: Hairless mice were fed a diet of 1% GTE for 10 weeks in parallel with UV irradiation (group UV+1%GTE). As controls, hairless mice were fed a control diet in parallel with (group UV+) or without (group UV-) UV irradiation. Results: In group UV+, epidermal levels of hydration and filaggrin were lower than those in group UV-; these levels increased in group UV+1% GTE to levels similar to group UV-. Epidermal levels of PAD3 and major AAs of NMF, alanine, glycine and serine were similar in groups UV- and UV+, whereas these levels highly increased in group UV+1% GTE. Conclusion: Dietary GTE improves epidermal hydration by filaggrin generation and degradation into AAs.