• Management & Information Systems Review
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.195-212
• /
• 2016

Utilizing intra-day volume weighted average price (VWAP) based on 1 minute return data of stocks traded on the Korean Stock Exchange, this paper examines and analyzes abnormal returns in reaction to patent listing disclosures as well as the cumulative abnormal returns, traded volumes, the interaction of VWAP spreads, the reaction of volumes, the reaction of VWAP spreads and the realized returns obtained from trading using an event driven arbitrage strategy. The results of the aforementioned research topics are follows. First, our analysis suggests that on average, 0.92% positive cumulative returns arise 1 minute after the patent listing disclosure announcement with high statistical significance, thereby reconfirming that the Korean stock market is a semi-strong form of the efficient market. Employing 3 separate panel tests differentiated by the size factor, we find that the abnormal returns of small sized stocks were less than the returns of medium sized stocks, which goes to support recent research findings suggesting that the size premium is no longer existent in the Korean stock market. Secondly, we show that among the event driven type strategies, the most outstanding realized returns are from the market making strategies. Furthermore, placing market order trades only at the bid or ask price resulted in negative returns. This implies that strategies utilizing a combination of market orders and limit orders, order cancelations ratios and order flows can enhance realized returns.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.32 no.2 s.91
• /
• pp.91-105
• /
• 2002

In general, orthodontists make problem lists and treatment plans based on norms of several cephalometric standards. But consideration of dentoalveolar compensation, which tends to maintain normal dental arch relationship in various skeletal jaw relationships, helps orthodontists make more individualized treatment objectives and plans. The purpose of this study was to classify skeletal patterns of normal occlusion samples by cluster analysis and to investigate the dentoalveolar compensation according to skeletal patterns. The subjects were consisted of 125 subjects who were normal occlusion samples at Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Department of Orthodontics. Lateral cephalograms in centric occlusion were traced and digitized. The skeletal patterns of normal occlusion samples were classified into three horizontal groups and three vertical groups by cluster analysis and ANOVA on the skeletal and dentoalveolar measurements among the groups were carried out. The results were as follows ; 1. Anteroposterior and vertical skeletal relationships of normal occlusion samples were very variable. 2. As the mandibular position was anterior to the maxilla, the maxillary incisors inclined more labially, the mandibular incisors more lingually, and the occlusal plane was flattened due to the anteroposterior dentoalveolar compensation. dentoalveolar height was decreased and upper posterior teeth was uprighted to the palatal plane and lower incisors and lower posterior teeth to the mandibular plane. 4. Lower incisors were more strongly associated with the dentoalveolar compensation than upper incisors according to the anteroposterior and vertical skeletal relationship.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.02b
• /
• pp.534-539
• /
• 2008

Nowadays, UI(User Interface)'s main target area is getting larger from user's convenience oriented interface, to user's satisfaction oriented interface. In this study, we attempted 'Storytelling User Interface' for fulfillment of user's satisfaction. We analyzed UI in games, distinguished and clarified its effectiveness that conveys main contents and special features to its audience. The most important element in storytelling UI is 'Inherent Drama'. This was proved through the game analysis with Blizzard's 'Diablo', Sierra's 'Home world', Eden Games' 'Test Drive Unlimited', EA's 'Black And White', and Sony Entertainment's 'Eye Of Judgment'. And we divided storytelling elements into 3 pieces, Mood Design - that shows story's background, or traits, Natural Control - for user's feeling as a hero in the content, and Flow Directing - using animation, visual design and sound, etc. Via these elements, we can make the best use of background, icon, animation, every structures and flow in games. Finally, we embodied three pieces for putting in practice for effective improving interface.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.02b
• /
• pp.304-309
• /
• 2008

The development in information technology allowed most of the information around us into digital information, in other words, a database. The innovation increased the accessibility and helped this society change into an informational age. However, there is a shortcoming of this open source as the users have difficulty in assorting the information that s/he needs and realizing if the information provided is important. Therefore, the need for search engine has risen in such a way to increase the accessibility and facilitation of information provided to the users through searching the necessary information in the database by an easy and accurate way. This study aims to increase the utilization of search engine through relationship analysis between purpose of user and interface design factors of search engine. Also, it intends to propose design guidelines for search engine interface design in order to increase user satisfaction and usability. This study categorized and correlated the relationships of the purpose in using the search engine and types of search engine interfaces. This study explicates the critical properties in designing each search engine interface according to the purpose of the users in using them. Also, this study proposes recommendations for appropriate design guidelines for search engine interface and effective advertisement use through properties of interface and their importance. The search engine interface suggested from the result provides interface that allows efficient search for desired information and embrace a variety in users, eventually increasing the usability in search engine.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.519-527
• /
• 2016

The demand of construction risk analysis is rapidly increased to improve the competitiveness of construction companies and the sound management of the construction project. However, estimating the amount and uncertainty of the risk is difficult due to the wide range of risks in the construction industry. Moreover, most of the research on risk management of construction risk is only focused on the causes of risk without separate the internal and external risk. This study statistically analysis the internal risk and external risk based on the accidents cases which are caused at construction sites to define the difference and importances of the risk. An accident cause analysis and T-test analysis are carried out to reach the goal of study. The results of the study are expected to be used as a guideline of construction project risk analysis.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.27-36
• /
• 2014

Accurate information on players, namely player analytics is one of the key factors in a game development environment where a scientific approach to user-oriented game analysis is in the spotlight. This study is intended to examine effects of relations between choke point types and cover pattern properties on level difficulties in FPS games. As for FPS games, interaction between players' behaviors and game levels is higher compared to other genres and choke point types as well as cover pattern properties are key factors of level design. Choke point is the main crossroad that must to pass for achieving the goal and Cover Pattern is the type of object on the level except buildings. Two elements directly or indirectly affect the level of difficulty. This study analyzed 10 types of representative FPS gameplays to classify choke point types and assigned 4 types of cover pattern properties to organize 16 target levels for the experiment. In addition, this study collected and analyzed players' 800 behavior data (video clips) from 5 repetitive plays performed by 10 players. In conclusion, analytical results obtained from the empirical study will contribute to realizing systematic game level development by providing specific information for a game level design phase. The findings are also meaningful in that they suggest efficient and effective methods of utilizing the existing academic study results for industrial applications.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2012

This study clearly defined the idea of convergence of small and medium companies and convergence types and understood convergence case of small and medium companies for each type in order to help enhancement of competitiveness of small and medium companies. The convergence type of small and medium companies accepted two levels including technology and industry and value improvement and creation suggested by Deloitte(2009) and it was classified into technology improvement-market expansion type, technology improvement-market creation type, technology creation-market expansion type, and technology creation-market creation type based on the companies introduced in the excellent casebook of convergence and integration technology development business of small and medium companies(August 2011). As a result, it was shown as 5 cases of technology improvement-market expansion, 4 cases of technology improvement-market creation, 3 cases of technology creation-market expansion, and 1 case of technology creation-market creation among the total 13 cases. Therefore, small and medium companies are focusing on technology improvement than technology creation and market expansion than market creation. What we can understand through cases analysis on convergence types of small and medium company is that it is very difficult for small and medium companies to create new technology or new market through convergence. Thus, small and medium companies consider market expansion through technology improvement as the objective and result of convergence. It is important to create new technology or new industry to cultivate new growth engines of the nation, but policy support that cares about reality of small and medium companies must be considered at the same time.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.31 no.1D
• /
• pp.111-117
• /
• 2011

In the wake of increased concerns on reduction of greenhouse emission which started with United Nation's Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and Kyoto protocol, Korean government is making various efforts under the represented slogan "Low Carbon, Green Growth". Therefore, it is inevitable that construction industry also follow the Korea government's slogan and the international trend in environmental problems. This study identified several main construction materials and equipments of civil construction projects and suggested a environmental cost estimation method and related estimation standards (Public and private owners are distinguished). A case analysis of a real road construction project is also performed and characteristics according to the owner type is compared. This study analyzed the environmental impact to total construction cost variations. In the result, public owner required 11~16% of extra budget and private owner required 19~22% of extra costs. This study is limited in consideration of environmental factors and carbon trading prices.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.155-170
• /
• 2018

In this paper, mechanisms of gene editing technologies including ZFN, TALENS and CRISPR were briefly discussed with mutual advantages and disadvantages. Classification criteria of gene edited, site-directed mutagenesis (SDN) crops for regulatory purpose were also discussed. The number of studies using CRISPR technology was high and studies conducted on Arabidopsis thaliana and rice were highest, followed by tobacco, tomato, wheat, and corn. It has been applied to a variety of plants such as other grain crops, flower crops, vegetable crops, and fruit trees. The number of studies focused on practical application or commercialization in the future were also increasing yearly, and the scope of studies also expanded to include research on metabolic engineering for mass production of useful proteins or substances, development of disease resistant crops against viruses, bacteria, and fungi, abiotic environmental stressresistant crops, and increased yields. In addition to this, it was revealed that application range is becoming more diversified, including the development of parthenocarpic tomatoes, hybrid rice lines using male sterility and increased shattering resistance Brassica napus. It was also revealed that the number of CRISPR gene edited crops permitted by the USDA(APHIS) increases yearly, to be released in the international seed market soon.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.661-667
• /
• 2008

The dynamics of business cycles has been changed by the macroscopic economic forces because of the introduction of new technical know-how each year. These the dynamics of business has a significant influence on the investment of enterprise in the information communication field. Today, the most important goal of the IT investment is simply not to lower the production cost any more, but to improve the usefulness for the customers and partners in order to obtain the optimized mass products. Therefore, the enterprises have been concentrating their all abilities on the automation, integration, and optimization of business process using BPM. In addition, they are concentrating their efforts on the business expansion by approaching the technical aspect using RFID application system. However, in order to accomplish a successful enterprise ability, the technical view, business process view, and organization view must be considered together. We suggested the method considering organization view, via the technical element, i.e., RFID system for approaching the business process. Furthermore, we tried the optimization of assignment using Context Analysis methodology and proposed the method to reduce the element with respect to the time, human, and expense by applying the Case Study method that minimizes the iteration times through the transmitted processing procedure and type. The proposed method gave us the expectation that it will bring out the innovative improvement with respect to the time, expense, quality, and customer's satisfaction in the process from the analysis of business process to the analysis and design of system.