• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.175-188
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• 2005

Recently, Li, Brenner, Cornelissen and Kim (2002) reported that 2D shape perception during pursuit eye movement just reflected the retinal image, and this result implies that the visual system ignored the extra-retinal information. In reality, however, we usually do not experience the perceptual distottion of 2D shape during pursuit eye movement. One Possibility is that the visual system night exploit the fact that the relative location between objects on retinal image is constantly maintained even during pursuit eye movement. The present research examined this possibility. Interestingly, perceptual distortion of 2D shape was observed even in the presence of reference, however, the amount of distortion decreased compared to when the reference does not exist. The distance between the reference and the target affected the perceptual distortion. These results imply that reference information is used in 2D shape perception during pursuit eye movement but it cannot completely explain the stable and accurate representation of 2D shape perception during pursuit eye movement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.228-232
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• 2005

최근의 연구에서 Li. Brenner, Cornelissen과 Kim (2002)은 추적 눈 운동 동안의 2차원 모양지각이 망막에 형성된 이미지 내용을 그대로 반영한다는 것을 보여 주었는데, 이러한 연구는 2차원 모양판단에 있어서 눈 운동 정보가 전혀 고려되지 않았음을 시사한다. 이와 같은 실험실 연구와 달리, 실제 생활에서 2차원 모양지각의 왜곡은 대부분의 경우에 발생하지 않는데, 가능한 한 가지 이유는 실험실 연구에서 사용된 자극의 경우에 참조대상이 존재하지 않는데 비하여, 실제 생활에서는 다양한 참조대상이 목표대상의 주변에 존재하기 때문이다. 목표대상과 참조대상의 상대적인 위치관계는 추적 눈 운동 동안에 망막에서도 그대로 유지되는데 시각체계가 이러한 안정적인 관계를 목표 대상의 모양을 지각할 때에 이용할 가능성이 있다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 참조대상을 이용하여 이러한 가능성을 검증하였다. 특히, 피험자의 눈 운동을 눈 운동 측정기를 이용하여 측정하였으며, 적절한 눈 운동을 수행한 시행에서의 데이터만 분석에 사용하였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.1-13
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• 2011

In order to create an intelligent autonomous agent in virtual world, we need a sophisticated design for perception, recognition, judgement and behavior. We develop the perception and recognition functions for such an autonomous agent. Our perception mechanism identifies lines based on differences in color, the primitive visible data, and exploits those lines to grasp shapes and regions in the scene. We develop an inferencing algorithm that can infer the original shape from a damaged or partially hidden shape using its characteristics from the ontology in order to intelligently recognize the perceived shape. Several individually recognized 2D shapes and their spatial relations form 3D shapes and those 3D shapes in turn constitute a scene. Each 3D shape occupies its respective region, and an agent analyzes the associated objects and relevant scenes to recognize things and phenomena. We also develop a mechanism by which an agent uses this recognition function to accumulate and use her knowledge on the scene in the historical context. We implement these functions presented above against an example situation to demonstrate their sophistication and realism.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.17-28
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• 1999

Systematic distortions in perceived 3-D shape were obtained for elliptical and parabolic stereoscopic surfaces viewed at different distances under full and reduced cue conditions. In both conditions of Experiments 1 and 3, elliptical hemi-cylinders a appeared near veridical at the 45 cm viewing distances and flattened up to 74% of veridical at 135 cm. In Experiment 2, under full cue conditions, parabolic hemi-cylinders a appeared stretched to 118% of veridical at 45 cm, near veridical at 90 cm, and flattened to 85% of veridical at 135 cm. Under reduced cue conditions parabolas appeared flatter overall: veridical curvature was obtained at 45 cm viewing distance with flatness increasing to 68% of veridical at 135 cm. Results support a scaling explanation of perceived 3-D shape from disparity and rule out the alternative hypothesis that disparity curvature, an optical invariant, provides information for the direct perception of 3-D s shape.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.210-218
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• 2009

The 3D shape as well as the depth of an object presented on a 3D display is perceptually distorted depending on viewing distance. It is quite undesirable that different observers perceive different depth and shape from an object displayed on a 3D monitor. To resolve the problem of perceptual distortion of 3D depth and shape, the degree of the distortion should be measured appropriately. As a basis for resolving these problems, the present research suggests an instrument for measuring the degree of the perceptual distortion of 3D depth and shape.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.55-63
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• 1998

섬유 패턴 디자인을 체계적이고 객관적으로 기술할 수 있는 도구를 패턴 디자인의 지각적 속성에 기초하여 개발하였다. 세 단계로 이루어진 연구의 첫 단계에서는 패턴 디자인의 단계를 실제 디자인 과정에 기초하여 'PP의 디자인', 'RPU의 디자인', 'RPU의 배열'의 순서로 개념화한 후, 이 데 영역에 걸쳐 30개의 지각적 특징들을 추출하였고, 섬유 패턴 디자인을 충실히 기술할 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 다음으로 추출된 30개의 지각적 특징들을 'PP의 모양에 의한 돌출성', 'PP의 색채에 의한 돌출성', 'PP들 모양의 다양성'. 'PP들의 변화도', 'PP들 색채의 다양성', 'RPU의 돌출성', 'RPU의 다양성'이라는 7개의 상위 특징으로 수렴시킨 후, 이 7개의 상위특징들을 다시 'PP에 의한 다양성', 'RPU의 돌출성' 'RPU의 다양성'이라는 4개의 최상위 특징으로 수렵시키는 방식으로 위계화 하여 섬유 패턴 디자인 요소 분석체계를 구성하였다. 또한 대표적인 섬유 패턴 디자인에 대한 이 체계의 기술 가능성을 검토함으로써 본 체계를 수정·보완하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.237-242
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• 1998

섬유 패턴 디자인의 감성 예측 모형을 개발하기 위한 전 단계로서 패턴 디자인 요소의 분석체계 개발 가능성을 이론적으로 검증하였다. 먼저 패턴 디자인의 최소 단위를 pattern primitive, 최소반복단위를 Repeated Pattern Unit로 개념화 한 후 'PP들의', 'RPU의',그리고 'RPU간의 특징'이라는 세개 영역에 걸쳐 24개의 지각적 특징들을 추출하였다. 24개의 지각적 특징들은 예비조사를 통해 섬유패턴 디자인을 충실히 기술할 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 추출된 지각적 특징들을 'PP의 모양에 의한 돌출성', 'PP의 색채에 의한 돌출성', 'PP들 모양의 다양성','PP들의 변화도', 'PP들 색채의 다양성', 'PRU의 돌출정도', 'PRU의 다양성'이라는 4개의 최상위 특징으로 수렴시키는 방식으로 위계화 하였다.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.235-247
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• 1998

A new technique of simultaneons inversion for 3-D seismic velocity structure by using direct, reflected, and refracted waves is applied to the center of the Korean Peninsula including Pyongnam Basin, Kyonggi Massif, Okchon Fold Zone, Taebaeksan Fold Zone, Ryongnam Massif and Kyongsang Basin. Pg, Sg, PmP, SmS, Pn, and Sn arrival times of 32 events with 404 seismic rays are inverted for locations and crustal structure. 5 ($1^{\circ}$ along the latitude)${\times}6$ ($0.5^{\circ}$ along the longitude) ${\times}8$ block (4 km each layer) model was inverted. 3-D seismic crustal velocity tomography including eight sections from the surface to the Moho, eight profiles along latitude and longitude and the Moho depth distribution was determined. The results are as follows: (1) the average velocity and thickness of sediment are 5.15 km/sec and 3-4 km, and the velocity of basement is 6.12 km/sec. (2) the velocities fluctuate strongly in the upper crust, and the velocity distribution of the lower crust under Conrad appears basically horizontal. (3) the average depth of Moho is 29.8 km and velocity is 7.97 km/sec. (4) from the sedimentary depth and velocity, basement thickness and velocity, form of the upper crust, the Moho depth and form of the remarkable crustal velocity differences among Pyongnam Basin, Kyonggi Massif, Okchon Zone, Ryongnam Massif and Kyongsang Basin can be found. (5) The different crustal features of ocean and continent crust are obvious. (6) Some deep index of the Chugaryong Rift Zone can be located from the cross section profiles. (7) We note that there are big anisotropy bodies near north of Seoul and Hongsung in the upper crust, implying that they may be related to the Chugaryong Rift Zone and deep fault systems.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.287-301
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• 2006

Two experiments were performed to investigate effects of background depth information on the judgment of two-dimensional shapes, using the Posner et al.'s(1969) physical match task. In both experiments, the focus was on whether the background depth information affects the decisions of physical shape sameness of two letters or figures presented successively. In Experiment 1, artificially constructed rues of linear perspective and texture gradient were used, whereas cues contained in a real road situation were used in Experiment 2. The results of both experiments showed that the depth cues affect the perception of two-dimensional shapes. That is, when two stimuli of the same physical shape were likely to be perceived differently due to the given depth cues, response accuracies('yet' in this case) decreased and reaction tines of physical match increased. And when two stimuli of the different physical shape were likely to be perceived the same due to the given depth cues, response accuracies('no' in this case) decreased and reaction times of physical match increased likewise. These results wert discussed in terms of some conceptual methodological problems of the previous studies on the shape constancy and the directions of future research.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.355-376
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• 2016

We used holes defined by color similarity (Experiment 1) and binocular disparity (Experiment 2) to study how the inner contour of an object (i.e., boundary of a hole in it) is encoded in visual working memory. Many studies in VWM have shown that an object's boundary properties can be integrated with its surface properties via their shared spatial location, yielding an object-based encoding benefit. However, encoding of the hole contours has rarely been tested. We presented objects (squares or circles) containing a bar under a change detection paradigm, and relevant features to be remembered were the color of objects and the orientation of bars (or holes). If the contour of a hole belongs to the surrounding object rather than to the hole itself, the object-based feature binding hypothesis predicts that the shape of it can be integrated with color of an outer object, via their shared spatial location. Thus, in the hole display, change detection performance was expected to better than in the conjunction display where orientation and color features to be remembered were assigned to different parts of a conjunction object, and comparable to that in a single bar display where both orientation and color were assigned into a single bar. However, the results revealed that performance in the hole display did not differ from that in the conjunction display. This suggests that the shape of holes is not automatically encoded together with the surface properties of the outer object via object-based feature binding, but encoded independently from the surrounding object.