• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

Characteristics of smoke emission in light duty diesel vehicles was investigated according to the year of production, engine displacement volume, and mileage. The smoke emission was measured using light extinction smoke measurement method under free acceleration test mode. Total number of the tested vehicles was 180. The year of production of the tested vehicles distributed from 2002 to 2007. The displacement volumes of the tested vehicles were categorized as 2-liter, 2.5-liter, 2.7-liter, and 3-liter. The mileage of the tested vehicles distributed from 20,000 km to 400,000 km. The more recent in the year of production of the tested vehicles did not show clearly lower in smoke emissions. Smoke emission showed different values according to driver's pedal pushing pattern. Also, smoke emission peak for each free acceleration test initially increased and reach a maximum of the peak values. Afterwards, the smoke peak gradually decreased as number of test increased. A new guide line was proposed to determine the smoke value from the light duty diesel vehicles based on smoke emission peak patterns which were obtained with several repeated free acceleration tests.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.165-173
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• 2014

The method of emission inspection for Heavy-duty diesel vehicles has been engine speed type Lug-down 3mode. This method could bring damage to decrepit vehicles under high speed and high load condition and it could not apply the driving pattern on the road. For these reasons, this study has started to create new emission inspection which is appropriate for Korea's road infrastructure. KD 147 would be applied to light-duty diesel vehicles from july 2010 after model operations. Therefore, this study has investigated new emission inspection system for heavy-duty diesel vehicles, except for light-duty diesel vehicles. In consideration of domestic conditions to meet the new load test method in this study, the Lug-down3 mode vehicle speed method was developed for the first time in korea.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.603-608
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• 2012

Recently we have a growing interest in environmental pollution and alternative energy. Diesel engine is generally used to produce the power on shore and sea. However, the combustion characteristics and exhaust emissions of the engine are changed on account of the wear of fuel system and the altered ambient condition of the combustion chamber by the increment of the engine operation hour. Therefore the combustion characteristics and exhaust emissions on the fuel injection timing were experimentally investigated to find out the optimum fuel injection timing in case of the about 20 years used diesel engine using biodiesel blend oil. The original fuel injection timing of the engine is BTDC $22^{\circ}$ CA. However, it is found that the optimum fuel injection as a result of analyzing the specific oil consumption and exhaust emissions of 20 years used the engine is BTDC $26^{\circ}$ CA.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.657-663
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• 2014

Since 2007, the defect confirmation test for vehicles using PEMS has been enforced in USA. This test can measure emissions from on-street vehicles using a device mounted on a car. Europe has confirmed its plan for introducing this test from EURO6, 2013. Thus, the Korean government is also under pressure to adopt this method that reflects the real-world driving conditions using PEMS, considering the emission controls for domestic heavy-duty vehicles. To provide various utilizations of the PEM, this emission test has been developed in accordance with the type of driving road, DPF, ISG, and air conditioner. This research aims to provide the fundamental materials for implementing defect confirmation tests for commercial vehicles, which are appropriate for domestic emission control situations, after studying the defect confirmation test methods for heavy-duty vehicles using PEMS.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.1359-1365
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ethanol content on the emission of nanosized particles from a diesel-ethanol blended fuel engine. The engine combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of a singlecylinder diesel engine were analyzed using an emission analyzer and an SMPS(scanning mobility particle sizer). The analysis revealed that soot emission increased with the ignition delay. When the ignition delay was fixed, an increase in the ethanol content caused a decrease in the soot emission. With an increase in the ethanol blending ratio, the number concentration and mass distribution of nanosized particles generally decreased. However, for 30% ethanol blending, large particles were observed because of the agglomeration of soot particles, and consequently, the particle mass increased.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.476-482
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• 2014

In this study, the characteristics of emulsified fuel and engine emissions were studied with engine dynamometer. Microexplosion took place in the combustion chamber. While combustion, emulsion fuel scattered to micro particles and it caused to smoke reduction. The heat produced from water vapour reduce the temperature of internal combustion chamber and it caused to inhibition of NOx production. It can be verified by the lower exhaust temperature of each ND-13 mode using emulsion fuel than that of MDO fuel. The NOx and smoke concentration were reduced by increasing water content in emulsion fuel. The power also decreased according to the increment of water content of emulsion fuel because emulsion fuel has low calorific value due to high water content than MDO. As a result of ND-13 mode test with 17% moisture content, it was achieved 24% reduction in NOx production, 76% reduction in smoke density, 11% reduction of $SO_2$ and 13% reduction in power loss.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.14 no.spc
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• pp.7-12
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• 2020

In this paper the new revision of Korean Airworthiness Standards (KAS) - Emissions was proposed for enforced environmental standards. The Aircraft Engine Fuel Venting and Exhaust Emissions Requirements have been only defined for smoke, HC, CO and NOx as management items in previous KAS. However, this standard has not covered the current situation that International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) enforced environmental regulations, such as emissions trading system, limitation of CO₂ emissions and restriction of exhaust gas. In order to overcome these outdated situations, we presented the new requirements for aircraft exhaust gas emissions standard of Korea based on the latest standards of United States, Europe and other countries.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.177-191
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• 2021

One of the major causes of serious air pollution worldwide is emissions from road transportation. A number of countries are working to reduce vehicle emissions, and the Seoul Metropolitan Government is also implementing active policies to reduce emissions by setting a target of 40% by 2030. Implementing these policies requires the introduction of practical indicators. Most of the domestic emissions are calculated by the emission coefficient, a function of speed at the National Institute of Environmental Research under the Ministry of Environment, but the dynamic variable speed is limited to being used as an indicator of the number of eco-friendly vehicles. Therefore, this study calculated the emission rates in Seoul using the vehicle registration data of Seoul and the vehicle inspection data from the Korea Transportation Safety Authority. The tendency of emissions was determined according to key variables such as vehicle type, fuel and mileage. Emissions were based on carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter measured by vehicle inspection from the Korea Transportation Safety Authority. As a result, the emission rates showed a significant trend according to the model year and mileage. This can be used as a policy indicator to preferentially switch commercial vehicles with old model years and long mileage when switching eco-friendly vehicles in Seoul.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.445-449
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• 2005

Present study was designed to evaluate the practical application of triethyl amine(TEA) injection for improving the collection efficiency of electrostatic precipitator(ESP) connected to a real operating plant. The major fuels used at the domestic power stations were bituminous coals imported from Australia, China, South Africa, and USA. Although the values of the electric resistance would be more or less different according to the type of the coals used, the unique electric resistance values of fly ash from the coals were mostly higher than $1{\times}10^{12}\;{\Omega}-cm$ and therefore, back corona problems were always expected to occur in the electrostatic precipitator. The particulates concentrations, smoke concentrations and their electric resistivity measured at the outlet of ESP, and the inspection of collection indicated that the injection of TEA improved the collection efficiency of particulate at collection plates of ESP. The electric resistance for, fly ash with the injection concentration of TEA 15 ppm(Purity 99.7%) was lowered to $2.1{\times}10^{11}\;{\Omega}-cm$ after injection from $1.9{\times}10^{12}\;{\Omega}-cm$ before injection. Under this condition, the dust emission content at the stack was reduced to approximately 80%, lowering the average outlet concentrations of particulates from $70\;mg/Sm^3$ to $14\;mg/Sm^3$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.518-524
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• 2013

In this study, we conducted a study on characteristics of exhaust gas emissions from boiler when water-bunker oil mixed by homogenizer was burned in boiler. The results showed that NOx concentration and CO concentration of the homogenized bunker oil was decreased by 19% and 54% compared to pure bunker oil pretreatment was not being performed. And, in the case of water-bunker A oil, the NOx concentration was decreased with increasing water mixing ratio in bunker A oil. In particular, the NOx concentration in exhaust gas of 20 %water-80 %bunker A oil decrease by 45 % compared with pure bunker-A. However, the CO concentration in exhaust gas of 20 %water-80 %bunker A oil shows irregular changes. This means that the mixing of water more than a certain amount can cause a decrease in combustion performance. From this result, it can be found that critical mixing ratio of water in bunker A oil for normal combustion is 15% in this study. Deposition amount of soot that is collected in the vicinity of the chimney was decreased with increasing water mixing ratio.