• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.1 s.145
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• pp.153-158
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• 2007

This study was conducted to develope the observing methods for density of stink bugs in soybean reproductive stage. The adults and nymphs of bean bug, Riptortus clavatus, red-banded shield bug, Piezodous hybneri, green stink bug, Nezara antennata, Sole bug, Dolycoris baccarum, and brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys were observed by three observing methods such as beating, sweeping net, and visual counting methods in the full bloom (R2), full pod (R4) and beginning maturity (R7) of soybean. As a result, total number of stink bugs observed was the highest with 5,214.2 by beating method, and then was 2,581.8 by visual counting method, and was the lowest with 103.1 by sweeping net method. Total number of stink bugs observed by the beating and visual counting methods was P. hybneri, followed by N. antennata, H. halys, R. clavatus and D. baccarum with clear difference in observed number of each stink bugs while total number of stink bugs observed by sweeping net method was very low in the range of 18 to 23. Accordingly, the observed density of stink bugs exception of R. clavatus adult by beating method was generally high. However, the number of R. clavatus adult was more observed by flushing method than that by beating method from the beginning bloom (R1) to full maturity (R8), and was more observed at morning time than that at afternoon time. Therefore, two observation methods that flushing method for R. clavatus and beating method for the other stink bugs were recommended for the occurring density of stink bugs in soybean because both bean bug and pentatomidae stink bugs have distinct behavior characteristics such as flying and dropping.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.205-214
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• 2001

오늘날 스트레스라는 단어는 모든 현대인과 방송, 언론매체에서도 매일 거론되어질 정도로그 중요성이 대두되고 있다. 의학계에서도 스트레스를 단순한 심리적 문제로 국한시키지 않고 과도한 스트레스가 지속될 경우 신경계와 내분비계, 면역계의 변화를 초래해 인체의 항상성에 영향을 미쳐 질병을 일으킨다는 것을 인식하고 있으며 이에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 이러한 질병의 발생과정에서 생체의 일부조직이 파괴됨으로써 기능과 형태변화가 초래될 때 apoptosis가 관여하고 있으며 이에 본 저자는 스트레스와 구강악안면영역에서 발생할 수 있는 질병과의 상관관계를 규명하기 위해 이종의 한냉 스트레스와 다소의 굴신을 허용한 중등도의 구속 스트레스를 부여한 후 측두하악관절 활막의 변화를 전자현미경관찰을 통해 밝혀내고자 한다. Sprague-Dawley계 웅성 백서(200-230 g/bw) 33마리를 구속스트레스부여군 (12마리), 한냉스트레스부여군 (12마리) 및 정상군 (3마리)으로 나누고 이들을 각각 구속장치에 구속한 후 1, 3, 5, 7일에 각각 희생시켰으며 측두하악관절 활막의 변화를 전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 중등도의 구속스트레스군에서 사립체는 부분적으로 농축된 소견을 보였으며 수와 크기에 있어 시간이 지남에 따라 점차 감소하는 소견을 보였다. 2. 중등도의 구속스트레스군에서 과립내형질망은 점점 확장되었으며 불규칙한 형태를 나타내었다. 3. 중등도의 구속스트레스군에서 물결모양의 핵막의 이중구조가 7일군에서 관찰되었다. 4. 한냉 스트레스군에서 사립체는 1일, 3일군에서 약간 부푼 형태를 가지고 그 수가 다소 감소되었으나 시간이 지남에 따라 5일, 7일군에서 건강한 모양으로 점차 증가되었다. 5. 한냉 스트레스군에서 과립내형질망은 1일, 3일군에서 불규칙하게 확장된 소견을 보였으나 5일, 7일군에서는 잘 발달된 형태로 핵 주위에서 다수 관찰되었다. 6. 한냉 스트레스군에서 핵은 전 기간에 걸쳐 큰 변화를 보이지 않았다. 이와 같은 결과를 토대로 측두하악관절 활막조직은 한냉 스트레스 및 중등도의 구속 스트레스에 대하여 중등도의 저항성을 가지고 있는 것으로 생각되며 생리적 적응한계를 넘는 과도하고 지속적인 스트레스에 의하여 활막조직이 apoptosis되어 측두하악관절에 병리적 변화를 초래할 가능성이 있다고 사료되어 이후 지속적인 연구가 요구된다.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.245-251
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• 1991

결핵성 병변의 단순 x-ray 촬영이나 CT, MRI 소견은 매우 다양하며, 결핵과 전이암 혹은 원발성 암과 감별이 어려운 경우가 있어 결핵으로 확진하기 위하여서 조직 생검이나 수술 등 침습적인 진단 방법을 이용하여야 하였다. 그러므로 이러한 결핵 병변을 비 침습적인 방법으로 정확히 감별할 수 있는 방법을 연구하던 바, 결핵균에 대한 항체를 동위원소에 부착시켜 신티그래피로 진단할 수 있는지의 가능성을 동물실험을 통하여 알아보고자 하였다. 15마리의 가토에서 M.tuberculosis H37Rv를 슬관절에 주입시켜 결핵병변을 유발시키고, 대조군으로 2마리의 가토의 고환에 T.pallidum을 주입하여 매독병변을 유발시킨 후 M.bovis BCG에 대한 특이항체 (specific polyclonal antibody)와 정상 가토의 immunoglobulin을 I-131에 부착시켜 각각의 가토에 주입하여 preset time 10분간 감마카메라로 주사한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. (1) 8마리의 결핵에 감염된 가토에 M.bovis BCG에 대한 $F(ab')_2$를 1 mCi의 I -131 labeling 시킨후 주사한 결과 모두에서 주사후 2시간 부터 72시간까지 병소가 hot uptake으로 보였으며 주사후 24 시간에 가장 높은 target/background ratio를 보였다. (2) 2마리의 매독에 감염된 가토에서 anti-BCG $F(ab')_2$를 주사한 결과 2시간에서는 병소에 hot activity를 보였으나 24시간부터 급격히 activity가 감소하였다. (3) $F(ab')_2$ 대신에 intact antibody를 결핵에 감염된 가토에 투여한 결과 specific polyclonal antibody나 정상가토의 immunoglobulin 모두 결핵병소에 96시간까지 hot uptake를 보였다. 그러므로 결핵균에 대한 specific antibody fragment를 이용하면 방사면역 신티그램으로 진단이 가능하리라 사료되었고, intact antibody를 사용할 경우 sensitivity는 높으나 specificity는 적을 것으로 사료되었다.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.440-444
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• 2015

The purpose of this case report was to present the treatment of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in dogs with end-stage CKD with uncontrolled uremia. Hemodialysis were carried out 6 patients who failed to improve clinical status with conventional management for CKD. Four dogs with urea reduction ratio (URR) range of 57-72% and 1 dog with URR of 37.3% showed good outcome with decreasing tendency of pre-dialysis Therefore, we suggest that CRRT could be recommended for use in CKD dogs with uncontrolled azotemia or uremia and should be monitor carefully throughout the CRRT.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.22-29
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• 2011

Host plants of Popillia flavosellata (Coleoptera: Ruteridae) were investigated at the courses of three golf clubs, East Valley Golf Club, Anyang Benest Golf Club, and Anseong Benest Golf Club and their surrounded forests. In addition, seasonal occurrence was examined from East Valley Golf Club using Japanese beetle pheromone lure and a eugenol feeding attractant. Twenty six species of 25 genera in 18 families were recorded as hosts of P. flavosellata from given surveyed golf clubs. Out of them, 22 species of 21 genera in 15 families were newly recorded host plants of P. flavosellata. Thus, host plants of P. flavosellata were 49 species of 41 genera in 23 families in total including hosts from literatures. The main damage part of P. flavosellata adult was flower of host plants. Peak activity of P. flavosellata adult was observed around 20 June. Mean numbers of attracted P. flavosellata adults at the peak day were 197.6/trap/day in 2008 and 268.1 in 2010, respectively. Occurrence of P quadriguttata was much lower compared with P. flavosellata at the given golf club. That is, mean numbers of attracted P quadriguttata adults from the same trap at the peak: day were 0.4/trap/day in 2008 and 2010, respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.13 no.2 s.19
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• pp.77-82
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• 1974

The variety Tong-il from the IR667 lines have been reported as a variety resistant to the smaller brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus Fallen, in Korea. The resistance of Tong-il to the insect, however, have been mainly evaluated from a viewpoint of plant reaction of rice at the seedling stage. In this study, the nature of resistance of Tong-il to the insect was furthermore evaluated from the standpoints of feeding preference, antibiosis and plant tolerance in comparison with the resistant varieties Karsamba Red ASD-7 and Vellailangalayan. and the susceptible variety Jinheung which have been reported to the insect. The smaller brown planthopper much more prefered Tong-il for feeding than the resistant varieties ASD-7 and Vellailangalayan. The degree of antibiosis of Tong-il to the smaller brown planthopper was significantly lower than ASD-7 and Vellailangalayan. The results showed significantly lower nymphal mortality and higher adult emergence in Tong-il and Jinheung than other two resistant varieties. The degree o( tolerance of Tong-il to the insect was also lower than ASD-T and Vellailangalayan. Only. Tong-il seemed to be relatively more tolerable than Jinheung. The reason of showing resistant reaction of Tong-il in the mass screening test might be related with relatively lower feeding preference and more tolerance than Jinheung and other susceptible varieties.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.255-262
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• 1996

The donor pool for heart transplants is severely limited and there is still a legal problem of brain death. This study assessed the function of hearts "absolute anoxic" for ten minutes after asphyxia by perfusing the hearts on a Langendorfr apparatus for 45 minutes with Krebs-Henseleit buffier at 37 t at 80 cm H2O. Forty isolated rat hearts were divided into four groups. Ten control hearts (group 1) were perfused on the circuit without intervening ischemia. Ten hearts (group 2) were harvested, quickly flushed with 5cc of cold University of Wisconsin solution, and stored in the same cold solution for 4 hours. Ten hearts (group 3) were excised, quickly flushed with 5 u of cold Stanford cardioplegic solution and stored in cold saline solution for 4 hours. Ten asphyxiated hearts (group 4) had warm ischemia for ten minutes and were perfused with 5u of cold Stanford cardioplegia containing 7,500 units of urokinase to dissolve intravascular clots, and stored in cold saline solution for 1.5 hours. Time of spontaneous defibrillation (TSD) after perfusion was significantly longer in group 2, group 3 and group 4 than in group 1. TSD in group 3 and group 4 was significantly longer in comparison to that of group 2. Left ventricular developed pressure(LVDP) at 15 minutes was significantly lower in group 3 and group 4 than in group 1 and group 2. In group 4, LVDP at 30 minutes and 45 minutes was significantly lower compared with that in group 1 . In conclusion, asphyxiated rat hear;ts which had absolute anoxia for 10 minutes after as hyxia showed relatively satisfactory cardiac function. function.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 2007

Comparison of fish number on routine oxygen consumption (OC) of black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegeli) reared in seawater (SW) versus freshwater (FW) was performed in closed water-recirculating system containing respiratory chamber. Fish acclimated in separate indoor tanks with SW or FW were sampled as two groups (one or three of fish used, $mean\;{\pm}\;S.D.=36.4{\pm}9.8$). OC of fish reared in both SW and FW showed clear temporal rhythms, with higher values in the daytime and lower values at night, in accordance with light (09:00-21:00 h) and dark (21:00-09:00 h) phases of the diel cycle (12L:12D). The OC of the fish increased linearly with the water temperature. The OCs of black porgy reared in SW and FW at 15, 20, $25^{\circ}C$ were 140.0, 174.8, 282.3 mg $O^2{\cdot}kg^{-1}{\cdot}h^{-1}$ and 177.5, 307.8, 413.1 mg $O^2{\cdot}kg^{-1}{\cdot}h^{-1}$ for the one of fish used, and 200.5, 274.7, 339.1 mg $O^2{\cdot}kg^{-1}{\cdot}h^{-1}$ and 118.2, 188.2, 252.8 mg $O^2{\cdot}kg^{-1}{\cdot}h^{-1}$ for three of fish used, respectively. Black porgy reared in SW had higher ventilation rates than those in FW. These results indicate that black porgy reared in FW had higher OC than those in SW at the one of fish used, but the fish reared in SW had higher OC than those in FW at the three of fish used.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.43 no.3 s.136
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• pp.233-239
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• 2004

The potential of five entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema carpocapsae Pocheon strain, S. logicaudum Nonsan strain, S. glaseri Dongrae strain, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Hamnyang strain, and Heterorabditis sp. Gyeongsan strain were evaluated as biological control agents against a mushroom fly, Mycophila speyeri in the mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation house. Control effect of M. speyeri was significantly different according to nematode species. Heterorhabditis was more effective than Steinernema. H. bacteriophora Hamnyang strain showed the highest control effect representing $49.0\%$ (7 days), $89.5\%$ (14 days) and $89.1\%$ (21 days post-treatment) at the rate of $1\times10^6$ and $46.5\%$ (7 days), $76.6\%$ (14 days) and $85.4\%$ (21 days post-treatment) at the rate of $1.0\times10^5$ Ijs/$1.5 m^2$ in Changnyoung, Gyeongnam, respectively. In Jinju, Gyeongnam, control effects of the sa me species were $54.0\%$ (7 days), $74.5\%$ (14 days), and $79.8\%$ (21 days post-treatment) at the rate of $1\times10^6$ and $49.0\%$ (7 days), $76.6\%$ (14 days), and $61.1\%$ (21 days post-treatment) at the rate of $1.0\times10^5$ Ijs/$1.5 m^2$, respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 2002

Agamermis unka, a mermithid parasite of brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, is the most important natural enemy of BPH and white-backed planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera in Korea. Distribution of A. unka was investigated in Korean rice fields from 1992 to 1998 and in 2001. Overwintering population of A. unka in Gosung, Namhae, and Tongyoung from 1992 to 1998 was different depending on locality and year. In the survey of A. tanka distribution in the spring of 2001, A. unka was found only at Jangheung and Haenam in Jeonnam province and Namhae, Jinju, Sancheong, Sacheon, Gosung, Tongyoung, Uiryeong, Changwon, Gimhae, and the experimental field of Gyeongsangnamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services at Jinju in Gyeongnam province out of 30 observed regions in 5 provinces. The number of A. unka was 1,045/㎥ at Namhae, 947/㎥ at the experimental field of Gyeongsangnamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, and 395/㎥ at Gosung. Density of A. unka at the rice paddies of Gyeongnam province after harvest in 2001 was higher at the rice fields of Namhae, Gosung, and the experimental field of Gyeongsangnamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services. Although density of A. unka was higher in the pesticide-untreated plots than fungicide-treated or insecticide-treated plots of forecasting paddies, there were no significant differences. After rice harvest A. unka was found from the forecasting paddies of Gosung, Jinju, Namhae and Sacheon out of 19 observed localities in Gyeongnam province.