• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.509-518
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• 2023

In this paper, we designed a 4Kb poly-fuse OTP IP (Intellectual Property) required for analog circuit trimming and calibration. In order to reduce the BL resistance of the poly-fuse OTP cell, which consists of an NMOS select transistor and a poly-fuse link, the BL stacked metal 2 and metal 3. In order to reduce BL routing resistance, the 4Kb cells are divided into two sub-block cell arrays of 64 rows × 32 rows, with the BL drive circuit located between the two 2Kb sub-block cell arrays, which are split into top and bottom. On the other hand, in this paper, we propose a core circuit for an OTP cell that uses one poly-fuse link to one select transistor. In addition, in the early stages of OTP IP development, we proposed a data sensing circuit that considers the case where the resistance of the unprogrammed poly-fuse can be up to 5kΩ. It also reduces the current flowing through an unprogrammed poly-fuse link in read mode to 138㎂ or less. The poly-fuse OTP cell size designed with DB HiTek 90nm CMOS process is 11.43㎛ × 2.88㎛ (=32.9184㎛2), and the 4Kb poly-fuse OTP IP size is 432.442㎛ × 524.6㎛ (=0.227mm²).

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38B no.2
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• pp.154-161
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• 2013

This paper presents the signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) estimation of IEEE 802.16m WirelessMAN-Advanced mobile station with simulation and implementation results. The downlink signal of IEEE 802.16m has two kinds of A-Preambles: the PA-preamble and the SA-preamble. This paper proposes the efficient method of estimating SINR with A-Preambles, by measuring noise power from PA-preamble and measuring interference power and signal power from SA-preamble. The proposed SINR measurement block contains important features such as subcarrier phase rotation elimination and simplified dB transform. The result of this paper is integrated to ETRI's IEEE 802.16m test mobile station, used for decision of adaptive-modulation-and-coding (AMC) and hand-over. It showed good measurement performance in simulation and unified system link test also.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.81-89
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• 2008

This paper aims to develop an integrated urban freeway exit-intersection actuated traffic signal control strategy based on which a real-time detection of queue at each of an exit-ramp and an arterial. To evaluate effects of the proposed actuated traffic signal control according to various traffic situations and geometric conditions, this paper analyzed the effects of the proposed traffic signal control strategy according to traffic situations such as the occasion of the arterial being saturated, the occasion of the exit-ramp being saturated, and the occasion of both the arterial and the exit-ramp being saturated. To reflect geometric conditions that influence the effects of the control strategy, this paper evaluated effects before and after applying the actuated traffic signal control strategy according to six cases for both above and under the downstream link length of 200m as proposed by COSMOS. The study results shown that when the link length above 200m, offered a greater effect of applying the actuated traffic control strategy than below 200m. Thus, the actuated traffic signal control through a real-time detection of queue is expected to offer a greater effect at longer downward link.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.12A
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• pp.1097-1104
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• 2010

This paper presents the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) estimation based on A-Preamble of IEEE 802.16m IMT-Advanced WiMax system with simulation results. The downlink signal of IEEE 802.16m has two kinds of A-Preambles: the PA-Preamble and the SA-Preamble. This paper proposes the effective method of estimating SNR and SINR with A-Preambles, and also shows that this method can recognize the ICI(Inter-Carrier-Interference) occurrence due to doppler frequency. With the recognition of ICI, the mobile station can save the power by operating 1-tap equalizer in usual cases, and activating ICI mitigation module only when it perceives the ICI occurrence.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.868-882
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• 2009

In this paper, channel model and wireless link performance analysis for the short-range wireless communication system applications in the terahertz frequency which is currently interested in many countries will be described. In order to realize high data rates above 10 Gbps, the more wide bandwidths will be required than the currently available bandwidths of millimeter-wave frequencies, therefore, the carrier frequencies will be pushed to THz range to obtain larger bandwidths. From the THz atmospheric propagation characteristics based on ITU-R P.676-7, the available bandwidths were calculated to be 68, 48 and 45 GHz at the center frequencies of 220, 300 and 350 GHz, respectively. With these larger bandwidths, it was shown from the simulation that higher data rate above 10 Gbps can be achieved using lower order modulation schemes which have spectral efficiency of below 1. The indoor propagation delay spread characteristics were analyzed using a simplified PDP model with respect to building materials. The RMS delay spread was calculated to be 9.23 ns in a room size of $6\;m(L){\times}5\;m(W){\times}2.5\;m(H)$ for the concrete plaster with TE polarization, which is a similar result of below 10 ns from the Ray-Tracing simulation in the reference paper. The indoor wireless link performance analysis results showed that receiver sensitivity was $-56{\sim}-46\;dBm$ over bandwidth of $5{\sim}50\;GHz$ and antenna gain was calculated to be $26.6{\sim}31.6\;dBi$ at link distance of 10m under the BPSK modulation scheme. The maximum achievable data rates were estimated to be 30, 16 and 12 Gbps at the carrier frequencies of 220, 300 and 350 GHz, respectively, under the A WGN and LOS conditions, where it was assumed that the output power of the transmitter is -15 dBm and link distance of 1 m with BER of $10^{-12}$. If the output power of transmitter is increased, the more higher data rate can be achieved than the above results.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.4A
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• pp.341-349
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• 2010

In this paper, we studied on the optimization of the output power of Mobile WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) base station considering the technical condition of base station and wireless channel condition. The optimum power of base station can be estimated based on the link budget calculation of downlink and uplink in the Mobile WiMAX communication system. We investigated the optimum output power of base station in the case of 2Tx-2Rx base station with $2{\times}2$ MIMO(multiple input multiple output) technology, 2Tx-4Rx base station with improved receiver sensitivity, and 4Tx-4Rx base station with beamforming technology.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.789-796
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• 2013

Next Generation Weapon system from the center of the platform to share information in real-time Network Centric Warfare(NCW: Network Centric Warfare) has been changed. Data link system is defined as a network. That is, all in real-time battlefield information is to enable sharing. Data link system is classified as a precision strike, Monitoring/control, control of a Patriot missile battery systems. These systems are most effective in a Joint warfare and precision strike. Data Link Systems(Data Communications) implementation is accomplished by using the KDLM(Korean Data Link Modem) and Radio Transceiver. KDLM is operated in conjunction with the legacy Radios(re-using fielded HF/VHF/UHF radio systems). In this paper, we describe in terms of KDLM system design. In this paper, the proposed design structure is how to effectively interact with legacy various radio. First, The results provide an analysis of that Dynamic TDMA system and apply modem structure. Radio characteristics data are necessary for an effective TDMA system design. This article analyzes the test results and describes the structure to improve the receive performance.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.101-106
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• 2005

In this paper, performance evaluation of mobile access layer for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) MultiCarrier(MC)/CDMA 16 QAM system is considered to mitigate multiple access interference and enhance system channel capacity in Rayleigh wireless fading channel. Traditionally, multi-path is viewed as an undesirable feature of wireless communications. Therefore, diversity and adaptive array schemes are proposed to mitigate its effects. Recently, to increase the spectrum efficiency and the link reliability, MIMO schemes is devised to exploit multi-path in a scattering wireless channel. In particular, the channel capacity of MIMO-MC/CDMA 16 QAM system is evaluated according to Eb/No, Mc, p. From the results, in order to improve the channel capacity, the signals at various elements must be uncorrelated. And if the paths are correlated due to inappropriate spacing or mutual coupling effects, the channel capacity of MIMO-MC/CDMA 16 QAM system becomes substantially smaller.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.44 no.2 s.314
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• pp.39-45
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• 2007

This paper presents a novel scheme that quickly searches for the sweet spot of multiple array antennas, and locks on to it for high-speed millimeter wavelength transmissions, when communications to another antenna array are disconnected. The proposed method utilizes a modified genetic algorithm, which selects a superior initial group through preprocessing in order to solve the local solution in agenetic algorithm. TDD (Time Division Duplex) is utilized as the transfer method and data controller for the antenna. Once the initial communication is completed for the specific number of individuals, no longer antenna's data will be transmitted until each station processes GA in order to produce the next generation. After reproduction, individuals of the next generation become the data, and communication between each station is made again. Simulation results of 1:1, 1:2, 1:5 array antennas confirmed the efficiency of the proposed method. The 16bit split is 8bit, but it has similar performance as 16bit gene.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.861-868
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• 2010

As CAS, X-ATK, and INT models considered as the most typical Air-to-Ground operation models in ROKAF are mainly designed as the voice-centered system between aircraft and ground control facilities, it is critical to newly develop the Link-16 based model for the ROK-US combined operation between F-15K, AWACS, M-SAM, and KDX-III equipped with Link-16. Former studies had been limited to the CAS operation, and they had mainly focused on reducing the voice transmission time to exchange the information between each mission step with maintaining existing operation steps. Therefore, this paper makes up the weak point in former studies, thereby designing new Air-to-Ground operation model for CAS, X-ATK, INT mission using Enterprise Architecture OV6c, which enables both aircraft and ground control facilities or between aircraft to obtain the real-time information on the location, identification, armament and the real-time image data through the broadcasting function. Based on the analysis of new operation model, we come to a conclusion that by simultaneously exchanging the information on mission between nodes concerned through the broadcasting function of Link-16. It is possible to cut down superfluous steps among the mission steps, and to reduce the mission time. It is clear that it gives rise to improve the battle efficiency and the decision-making tempo as well as the battlefield situational awareness.