• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• autumn
• /
• pp.93-96
• /
• 1999

감정을 표현하는 음성 합성 시스템을 구현하기 위해서 이전 논문에서는 음운 및 운율 요소(피치, 에너지, 지속시간, 스펙트럼 인벨로프)가 각 감정 음성에 미치는 영향에 대한 분석을 수행하였다. 본 논문에서는 네 가지 감정 표현(평상, 화남, 기쁨, 슬픔)을 나타내는 음성 데이터에 대해 음절 세그먼트와 라벨링을 행한 감정 음성 데이터베이스를 토대로 감정 표현에 많은 영향을 미치는 요소인 피치가 어떻게 변화하는지를 분석하였다. 통계적인 방법을 이용하여 감정별 피치를 정규화 하였으며, 감정 음성 데이터베이스 내의 문장별 피치 패턴에 대해 분석하였다. 그 결과 감정별 피치의 평균 ZScore는 화남이 가장 작았으며, 기쁨, 평상, 슬픔의 순으로 높았다. 또한 감정별 피치의 범위 변화는 슬픔이 가장 작았으며, 평상, 화남, 기쁨의 순으로 높았다. 문장별 피치의 패턴은 감정 표현에 따라 전체적으로 대부분 유사하게 나타났으며, 문장의 처음 부분은 화남의 경우 다른 감정에 비해 대체로 높게 변화하였고, 화남과 기쁨의 경우 문장의 뒷부분에서 다른 감정에 비해 피치가 상승하는 것을 볼 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.57-69
• /
• 2020

Many researchers have recommended that DBR scheduling would be an efficient method to maintain the balance of their workload among many processes in the general flow shop. However, as product variety has increased in recent years, the process has become more complex and requires the re-entrance of raw materials and work in process. The re-entrant line has known for the complex manufacturing process that raw materials are repeatedly processed on the same machine. This study reviews the applicability of DBR against the re-entrant manufacturing line due to the distinguishing characteristics and the higher complexity caused by multiple visits of a job into the identical process. In order to apply the DBR method to the re-entrant process, the main idea is to reconstruct re-entrant process into a virtual flow process(loop) that has a single bottleneck. This study discusses the following two questions. First, DBR is also superior to traditional scheduling methods against re-entrant manufacturing line. And how we structure and detect the system bottleneck (or sub-bottleneck) through drum-buffer-rope concepts. To answer the above questions, we experimented and analyzed the effects of the applicability of DBR under the general re-entrant process model(TRC, Technology Research Center). As a result, we have identified a balance between loops for cycle time and work in process.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.237-246
• /
• 2008

Four different pork loaves were made with two levels, HP/FP-3% and HP/FP-6%, containing 3.0 and 6.0% HP(hot air dried sweet persimmon powder)/FP(freezer dried sweet persimmon powder), respectively. HP and FP(3% and 6%) were added into ground pork loin separately. A control without persimmon powder were used for comparison. Patties were cooked to 74℃ in electric oven, after cooling, the aerobic packaged meat loaves were stored at 5℃. The moisture and crude ash were higher in the FP-6%, and the crude protein and crude fat were no different among the samples. The pH in control sample was significantly higher(p<0.05) than those of treatment group, however no significant difference was found among the 4 treatments. The TBARS(thiobarbituric reactive substance) values of all samples showed a tendency of increasing value along the storage days. The TBARS and a* value increased(p<0.05) as the addition ratio of HP/FP increased, respectively. With regard to microorganisms, the number of total aerobic bacteria were lower than 3.11 log10 CFU/g. In sensory evaluation, meat loaves containing persimmon powder resulted in a high overall acceptability, although they were not significantly different in overall acceptability.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.10 no.11
• /
• pp.551-558
• /
• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the sacrooccipital category II blocking technique may improve abdominal muscle endurance and alleviate shoulder pain caused by pelvic tilting. Methods: A total of 50 subjects diagnosed with category II sacroiliac joint instability and lower back pain were randomly assigned to the control or treatment group. The sacrooccipital technique category II blocking procedure (2-min duration) was performed 3 times a week until the category II indicator of joint instability had subsided. The control subjects were subjected to a sham procedure of equal duration and frequency. We assessed abdominal muscle endurance using the partial curl-up test and shoulder pain using a visual analogue scale, before and immediately after the intervention and 2 weeks after the intervention. Results: On two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures on time factor, significant treatment and interaction effects on muscle endurance were found. A significant interaction effect, but not treatment effect, was found for shoulder pain. Post hoc test showed that the shoulder pain was reduced immediately after intervention (treated group) and 2weeks (control and treated group) after the intervention as compared to before the intervention. Conclusions: This study suggests that sacrooccipital category II blocking can be used to alleviate shoulder pain caused by pelvic instability. The mechanisms behind the long-term benefits may include an increase in abdominal muscle endurance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.295-307
• /
• 2021

The Korean Peninsula is surrounded on three sides by the East Sea, West Sea and South Sea which are connected to many rivers and streams, thereby facilitating easy inflow of debris from land. Furthermore, excessive debris inflow to the sea because of active fishing and various recreational activities. Debris entering the sea are weighted over time and settle in the seabed, thus, making direct monitoring of debris impossible and its collection difficult. Uncollected submerged marine debris affects the seabed ecosystem and water quality and can cause ghost fishing and ship accidents, especially due to waste net ropes and waste fishing gears. Therefore, understanding the debris distribution characteristics is necessary to assist quick collection of these debris (waste net ropes and waste fishing gears). Thus, this study conducted a survey of debris deposited in the seas of 39 ports. Furthermore, distribution characteristics and compositions of submerged marine debris were identified by a map prepared through GIS-based spatial analysis of the East Sea. Consequently, 58% of waste tires in the East Sea were concentrated in breakwaters and ship berthing facilities. Moreover, 26 % of waste plastics were distributed outside the port. Identifying the distinct distribution characteristics of submerged marine debris was difficult; however, compared with others, the distribution of waste plastics was possible outside the port. The findings of this study can serve as baseline data to assist the collection of submerged marine debris using the distribution characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.727-734
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze correlation between kinematic variables and ground slope perception ability during golf putting. 16 collegiate golfers were participated. To collect and analyze the kinematic data of putter head, SAMPutt lab was used(70 Hz). It was performed Pearson's correlation analysis using SPSS. The level of significance was at .05. As a results, right was correlated with backswing in flat. Toe-up was correlated with follow-through and left was correlated with aim, backswing, impact, follow-through, and loft in slice 1°. Toe-down was correlated with aim, backswing, impact in slice 2°. Toe-up was correlated with follow-through in hook 2°. In conclusion, it is important to improve the putting stroke through repetitive ground slope perception training.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.17 no.3 s.76
• /
• pp.295-306
• /
• 2005

In this study, the dynamic characteristics of the two open-steel-plate-girder bridges was analyzed using the pads' stiffness estimated in the previous accompanying paper.Also, it was determined that the variation in the dynamic behavior of the two bridges due to the pads corresponds to the codes describing the restriction for the steel bridges' behavior.The pads installed at the bridges increase the displacement at mid-span.However, the increase does not exceed code restrictions and does not have an adverse effect on the riding quality of the running trains. The natural and Chloroprene rubber pads are not suitable for bridge bearings since they are more deformed than the code regulated ones.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.168-175
• /
• 2007

For maximum utility of trails, there is a need for better knowledge of characteristics of trail use and its users. The purpose of this study is to find out users' attitudes toward trail structures in Eorimok exploring route in Hallasan National Park managerial purposes. A questionnaire survey was conducted to 138 people on the way back home from their visit to the site from July to August, 2007. The geological conditions of 7 types of pedestrian trail structures were rated relatively high both in quantity and quality. The responses were noticeably positive about the natural materials used in wood deck and PP rope railings from the point of three aspects: harmony with nature, visitor convenience and resources conservation. It seems necessary to replace steel structures with native materials because such unnatural materials used in a natural setting are subject to visitor's resistance.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.445-457
• /
• 2016

The purpose of the study is to provide frame work of efficient diagnostic and treatment protocol for the people with malpositioned pelvic which causes imbalance of body. Study subjects were grouped as experimental, comparison and control group. Each group consisted of five men and five women randomly assigned. Experimental group was to be tested with Thompson Terminal Technique, its corrective effect and the effect of maintaining the treatment. There were 43.01%p difference in effectiveness of the applied technique between Thompson Terminal Technique and Muscle Energy Technique. It indicates that Thompson Terminal Technique is more effective in treating pelvic misalignment than Muscle Energy Technique. As a result, the use of chiropractic and resistance exercises is proven to be effective for treating the imbalance of body. Also, to maximize the effect of treatment, it is preferable to apply Muscle Energy Technique after applying the Thompson Terminal Technique.

• Proceedings of the Korean System Dynamics Society
• /
• 2005.10a
• /
• pp.23-42
• /
• 2005

세계 각 국은 자국의 이익을 보장하기 위해 방위산업의 기반을 강화하고 있고 갈수록 첨단무기체계를 도입 및 개발하고 있는 추세이다. 왜냐하면 방위산업은 평화와 군비경쟁이 공존하는 '균형속의 대결' 양상을 보이는 환경에서 자국의 생존을 위한 중요한 변수이기 때문이다. 한국의 방위산업도 1970년대 이후 괄목할 만한 성장을 이루었으나 구조적인 문제점을 탈피하지 못하였고 이제는 한계점에 도달하였다. 많은 방위산업 분야 전문가들은 현 시점에서 한국 방위산업의 발전과 활성화를 위한 방안들을 제시하였고, 정부에서도 자주국방의 기치 아래 다양한 개혁과 정책을 추구하고 있다. 그러나 대부분의 전문가 제시 내용과 연구 논문들은 방위산업의 대해 제한적으로 정성적인 분석과 대안제시에 국한되어 있는 수준이고 시스템 사고를 통해 인과관계를 분석하여 정책적인 대안을 제시하는 부분이 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구 논문에서는 방위산업의 전반적ㅇ.ㄴ 핵심요인을 식별하고 각 요인들간의 인과관계를 분석하여 한국 방위산업의 인과지도를 제시하였고 이를 통해 구조적인 문제점들을 해결하여 21세기 협력적 자주국방이 가능하도록 정책적인 대안을 제시하였다. 본 논문은 향후 복잡성이 가속화되는 방위산업에서 시스템적 사고를 이해하는데 기여가 될 것이고, 정책을 결정하고 추진하는 의사결정자와 무기체계 획득업무를 담당하는 실무자들에게 반드시 시스템적인 사고에 바탕을 둔 피드백 로프를 고려해야 한다는 것을 인식시킬 수 있을 것이다. 아울러 한국 방위산업의 활성화와 발전에 기여하리라 믿는다.정보통신산업을 미시적 분석이나 세부 항목별 정량적 분석을 통해서가 아니라 산업의 발전 속성 및 경기 순환 등의 관점에서 분석함으로써 정보통신산업 정책의 수립 및 집행을 거시적 안목 하에 정립할 수 있게 한다는 데 의의를 가진다. 또한 경제변수를 묘사하는데 있어 국면전환 확산과정을 사용함으로써 향후 실물옵션 등을 통한 기술 및 무형자산의 가치평가에 있어 기초자산의 움직임을 보다 정확히 포착해 낼 수 있는 프로세스를 제공하였다는데 또 다른 의의를 갖는다고 하겠다. 수 있다. 따라서 성장 ${\cdot}$ 고용 ${\cdot}$ 분배의 조화는 바로 노동효율 증가형 기순혁신이며, 이를 위한 인적자본에의 투자라고 말할 수 있다. 본 연구가 기술경제 패러다임(techno-economic paradigm)의 시각에서 제시하는 한국경제의 성장 ${\cdot}$ 고용 ${\cdot}$ 분배를 위한 정책방향은 다음과 같은 동태적발전과정으로 요약할 수 있다 : 기초과학연구능력 확충 ${\rightarrow}$ 소화 ${\cdot}$ 흡수 ${\cdot}$ 개량 ${\rightarrow}$ 토착화 능력의 배양 ${\rightarrow}$ 자체기술개발, 선진기술 도입, 산업간 및 산업내 기술확산, 국제기술협력 ${\rightarrow}$ 기술혁신의 촉진 ${\rightarro