• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.662-668
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• 2008

The objectives of the present work are to investigate the influence of the solution cooled absorber(SCA), refrigerant drain heat exchanger(RSX), exhaust gas/solution heat exchanger(ESX) and high efficiency solution heat exchanger on COP for a double-effect series-flow absorption chiller. A simulation program has been prepared for the cycle analysis of absorption chillers. As a result, solution heat exchangers(LSX, HSX) are the most effective element for the COP than the others. In spite of the poor contribution to COP, SCA plays an important role to reduce the crystallization phenomena of LiBr solution at solution heat exchanger. And the optimum solution split ratio varies with the relative size of RSX and LSX.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 1997

Solubility on $(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ in water has been measured systematically and compared with those of pure LiBr. It has been observed that there exists optimum value of $CaCl_2(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ in solubility when total$(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ concentration is higher than 57wt%. As total concentration increases up to 65wt%, it is found that the optimum value also increases monotonically. From the experimental results, a master plot has been constructed, with which optimum ratio of LiBr to $CaCl_2$ can be found in terms of total concentration. Vapor pressure of $H_2O/(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ solution with optimum contents of $CaCl_2$ has been observed to be changed negligibly at relatiely low temperature. However, as temperature increases, it is found that increasement in vapor pressure is significant.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.79-99
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• 2008

Nowadays, social circumstances have changed rapidly due to the decreasing birthrate and increasing number of senior citizens. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate past research for presenting the direction of future research and for improvement of welfare for the elderly. For this study a total of 231 articles within four kinds of major home economics journals are used. The articles were published from 2000 to 2007. Specific research topics (subjects) are investigated for this study. Results from this study are as follows. Research topics are divided into the following fields: facilities for the elderly, family relationships in later life, quality of life, economical aspects of the elderly, physical and metal health, leisure, awareness and the attitudes about elderly people, clothing, death and welfare services for elders. According to this study, 'facilities for the elderly' and 'relationships in later life' are the most frequent topics of interest. Based on the results of this research and the governmental aging society plan, SEROMAZI PLAN 2010, the directions of future research about senior citizens and later life in our home economics major science field are presented.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.99-108
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• 2004

Purpose: The ability to noninvasively track the migration of neural progenitor cells would have significant clinical and research implications. We generated stably transfected F3 human neural progenitor cells with human sodium/iodide symporter (hNIS) for noninvasively tracking F3. In this study, the expression patterns of hNIS gene in F3-NIS were examined according to the cultured time and the epigenetic modulation. Materials and Methods: F3 human neural stem cells had been obtained from Dr. Seung U. Kim (Ajou University, Suwon, Korea). hNIS and hygromycin resistance gene were linked with IRES (Internal Ribosome Entry Site) under control of CMV promoter. This construct was transfected to F3 with Liposome. To investigate the restoration of hNIS gene expression in F3-NIS, cells were treated with demethylating agent (5-Azacytidine) and Histone deacetylase inhibitor (Trichostatin A: TSA). The expression of hNIS was measured by I-125 uptake assay and RT-PCR analysis. Results: The iodide uptake of the F3-NIS was higher 12.86 times than F3 cell line. According to the cell passage number, hNIS expression in F3-NIS gradually diminished. After treatment of 5-Azacytidine and TSA with serial doses (up to $20{\mu}M$, up to 62.5nM, respectively) for 24 hours, I-125 uptake and mRNA of hNIS in F3-NIS were increased. Conclusion: These results suggest that hNIS transfected F3 might undergo a change in its biological characters by cell passage. Therefore, the gene ex[ressopm of exogenous gene transferred human stem cell might be affected to the epigenetic modulation such as promoter methylation and Histone deacetylation and to the cell culture conditions.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.4
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• pp.167-176
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• 1992

1957년에 서명된 로마조약(條約)을 처음 개정한 단일(單一)유럽법(法)이 1987년 7월 1일에 발효(發效)되었을 때 유럽공동체(共同體) 12개 회원국(會員國)들은 공동정책(共同政策)에 의거 상업(商業), 농업(農業), 운송(運送), 금융(金融) 및 기타 관련부분에 있어 단일역내시장(單一域內市場)을 형성하기로 약속했다. 물론 완전한 역내공동시장(域內共同市場)은 자유로운 운송시장(運送市場)을 전제로 한다. 따라서 EC조약(條約)은 모든 회원국(會員國)들이 서어비스의 자유에 근거하여 공동운송정책(共同運送政策)을 따를 것을 강제하고 있다. 항공운송(航空運送)에 있어서의 목표도 역시 다른 모든 경제활동의 목표와 마찬가지로 로마조약(條約)이 적용되는 공동운송정책(共同運送政策)의 일부를 구성하고 있다. 종합적인 공동체항공정책(共同體航空政策)의 작업에는 운임(運賃), 공급량(供給量), 시장진출(市場進出) 및 경쟁상(競爭上)의 일괄적인 자유화 조치 이상의 것을 내포하고 있다. 그것은 국가장벽으로 방해되지 않는 공동체(共同體)의 항공운송망(航空運送網)의 개발과 확장뿐만 아니라 경제(經濟), 안전(安全), 환경(環境) 및 사회적(社會的) 요인(要因)들 간에 합리적인 균형을 이루는 공동체항공운송정책(共同體航空運送政策)의 개발을 위한 공동항공운송정책(共同航空運送政策)의 공식화(公式化)를 요한다. 1987년의 항공(航空)에 관한 일괄입법조치, 1989년의 제 2 차 항공(航空)에 관한 일괄입법조치 및 1992년 이후로 예정된 제 3 차 일괄입법조치에 따라 EC는 초국가적(超國家的)인 항공운송(航空運送) 분야에 있어서의 개방적인 국제경쟁(國際競爭)을 본격적으로 추구하고 있다. 결국 이러한 일괄규칙은 EC와 제(第) 3 국(國)들간의 관계에 중대한 의미를 가지게 될 것이다. EC항공운송정책(航空運送政策)이 아시아 항공산업(航空産業)의 상업운선(商業運船)에 어떠한 영향을 미칠 것인가는 모든 아시아 국가들이 알아야 할 중요한 문제이다. 이론적으로 말해서, 역내공동체(域內共同體) 항공운송(航空運送)의 자유화는 아시아 국가들에 대한 치외법권적(治外法權的) 효과를 일으킬 수 있는 로마조약(條約)과 유럽사법재판소(司法裁判所)에 의해 형성된 원칙들에 필연적으로 영향을 미칠 것이다. 이와 관련하여 아시아 항공산업(航空産業)은 무차별원칙(無差別原則), 설립(設立)의 자유(自由), 서어비스의 자유(自由) 및 EEC 경쟁법(競爭法)과 같은 제(第) 3 국(國)의 국제항공운송에 영향을 미치는 일련의 새로운 원칙과 법률의 출현에 큰 관심을 갖고 있다. 실무적인 관점에서, 1992년 이후의 종합적인 공동체항공운송정책(共同體航空運送政策)의 작업에는 항공운화(航空運貨), 시장진출(市場進出), 제(第)3 및 제(第)4의 운륜자유권(運輪自由權), 복수지정(複數指定), 제(第)5의 자유(自由), 캐보타지(cabotage), 손상(損傷)(derogation), 공급량(供給量), 편수(便數), 불정기운항(不定期運航) 및 기타 부문항공기소음(部門航空機騷音), 최저(最低) 안전(安全) 및 사회적(社會的) 조치(措置), 항공종사자면허(航空從事者免許), 감항증명(堪航證明), 운항시간제도(運航時間制度), 컴퓨터 예약제도(豫約制度), 탑승거절보상의 공동최저기준(共同最低基準), 공중혼잡(空中混雜), 공항이착륙시간할당법(空港離着陸時間割當法), 공항시설(空港施設), 정부지원(政府支援 등). 이와 같은 모든 공동체항공운송정책(共同體航空運送政策)의 주요문제들은 아시아 항공산업(航空産業)에 여러 각도로 영향을 미치게 될 것이다. 위와 같은 문제들 가운데, 제(第) 3국(國) 항공사(航空社)들의 역내공동체(域內共同體) 항로(航路)의 접근, 공급량(供給量), 운임(運賃), 제(第)5의 자유(自由) 및 캐보타지가 아시아 항공산업(航空産業)에 관심이 큰 문제가 되고 있다. 아시아 항공사(航空社)들의 EEC시장(市場)에로의 상업운항(商業運航)이 다소 영향을 받게 될 것이다. 첫째, 복수(複數) 목적지(目的地) 문제이다. 둘째, 항공(航空)서어비스의 운임(運賃) 및 료솔(料率)문제이다. 셋째, 항공운송구역(航空運送區域)에서의 사업에 대한 경쟁원칙의 적용 문제이다. 넷째, 제(第)5 자유(自由) 운륜권(運輪權) 문제이다. 다섯째, 캐보타지(cabotage)문제이다. 끝으로, 유럽 항공사(航空社)들간의 합병(合倂)의 문제이다. 결론적으로 유럽공동체항공운송(共同體航空運送)의 자유화는 1993년까지 공동체(共同體) 역내(域內)와 역외(域外)의 항공운송법제(航空運送法制)의 현재의 모습을 극적으로 바꾸어 놓을 정도로 가속화(加速化)되고 있다. 한편 항공운송(航空運送)의 자유화(自由化)에 대한 EC의 제의는 대담하고 급진적이다. 반면에 그것이 아시아 항공산업(航空産業)에 미칠 영향 또한 중대하다. 의심할 여지없이 항공사(航空社)와 고객들의 이익면에서 EEC와 비(非)EEC국가들의 항공운송산업(航空運送産業)에서 더욱 경제적으로 경쟁적이 되도록 할 필요가 있다. 전세계 항공운송산업(航空運送産業) 운영(運營)의 대부분을 정부가 소유하거나 통제하는 것은 정말로 국제항공운송(國際航空運送)의 발전에 불필요한 장애를 일으킨다. 따라서 國內航空社와 전세계 항공사(航空社)들간의 이해관계의 조화를 협상하는 것이 중요하다. 아마도 아시아 항공사(航空社)들간의 지역적 협조가 미국(美國)뿐만 아니라 유럽으로 부터의 압력 증가에 대해 균형을 이루는 힘이 될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 2017

The following summarizes the findings from an analysis of literature and 21 versions of the Bible published in Korea, China, and Japan to discuss the name of Myrtus communis. Myrtus communis was an important tree symbolizing love and resurrection since the Ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt, Judas, Greece, Ancient Rome, and Medieval Spain. In the Bible, Myrtus ($h{\acute{a}}das$) was used to make the booths at the Feast of Tabernacles or for various ceremonies. Myrtus symbolized the people of Israel and also symbolized peace, appreciation, indestructibility, and resurrection. In the Bible of Korea, China, and Japan, Myrtus was translated into various names by time, such as '崗拈樹', '千里香', '鳥拈', '番石榴', 桃金孃, Gamtangnamu, Seoglyunamu, Hwaseoglyu, Sogwinamu. 'Myrtle' was translated into '桃金孃' based on Japan's "熟語本位 英和中?典(1915)" and it seems that the mistake was directly excerpted by the English-Korean Dictionary(1949) after the Liberation. According to the theory of 'Dynamic Equivalence' in translation, it would be best to use 'Myrtus' was the official name of Myrtus communis.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.15-37
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• 2020

Unlike Korean science curriculum's continued push for "relevance of contents" to reduce the burden of learning on students, IB DP (International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme) is chosen in many countries and the number of IB world schools continues to grow, although it contains not only a large amount of learning but a substantial amount of content that requires quantitative calculations. Through this study, we suggest implications for Korean science curriculum and textbook, by comparing the constructions of chapters, the achievement standards, the learning contents, and the formulas of physics textbook, focusing on the 'relativity' unit of the 2015 revised national curriculum and IB DP, and by analyzing the questions of college scholastic ability test (CSAT) and external assessment (EA).

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.53-57
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• 2009

The Oriental flower arrangements have the beauty of a strict triangle in a symmetrical three-dimensional effect as the form of flower tribute to gods in ancient times and used frogs to fix flowers to a basin easily. Flower arrangements of a conical shape made by repeatedly piled flowers in ancient Egypt shows the origin of the present vertical form of the Western flower arrangements. Flower arrangements in ancient Greece formed in a smooth S shape, while Roman flower arrangements were rich and gorgeous in a lowering and thin shape horizontally. Persians were showing triangular forms similar to the Oriental three-dimensional effect. The basic form of flower arrangements in the age of Renaissance was also created upon the ancient one, descending to Art Nouveau when flower arrangements were widely expressed from mass to space aesthetics led by America in the 20th century influenced by mild color, simplicity and realistic description of the Oriental art in the late 19th century. The Western flower arrangements are focused on formation, same as the Oriental ones, yet they disregard naturality and based on practicality.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.103-110
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• 2022

This paper attempted to systematize the settlement problem of Moroccan immigrants and the plan for Moroccan cooperation for various purposes by understanding Morocco's religious background and historical and cultural characteristics. Morocco is open to trade and typical in the social and cultural distance. It has been exchanging Western European culture, including Spain and France, but maintains a typical Muslim. In particular, Morocco was once a center of triangular trade, a diaspora and logistics hub, and advanced to North America. It will continue to serve as a bridgehead for the cultural spread of global square-traded. Now, Moroccan trade is formed around France and other European regions. This is encountered in Korea and other countries around the world due to the progress of opening and industrialization in the African region. Since COVID-19, soft power has been increasing women's accessibility. As a global triangular strategic location for business or service financing and regional access to Morocco, we demonstrate the local acceptance of cultural industries and services, the soft power of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.53
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• pp.311-336
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• 2003

This paper purports to explain the conflicts and compromises between supra-national authority and national welfare state in an era of globalization. For this purpose this paper, first of all, examines if Community law(EU) is directly applicable to member states(direct applicability), and subsequently, if Community law is superior to national law(supremacy). It duly claims that Community law is de facto applicable to member states and thus is superior to national law, but de jure the direct applicability and supremacy of Community law are still ambiguous in practice. Secondly, it briefly describes the development of EU social policy from 'The Rome Treaty(1957)' to 'The Amsterdam Treaty(1997)', and ascertains clear limitations of social dimension of EU. Thirdly, it explains why CEU(Commission of European Union) sequently fails to achieve uniform harmonization policy in the making of social Europe. This paper concludes that 'downward harmonization thesis' or 'convergence thesis' which commonly stresses that globalization seriously impinges on nation-state's policy autonomy and policy capacity is not evidenced at least in the case of EU social policy.