• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.93-105
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• 2012

This paper compares the two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) approaches for the numerical determination of the equivalent mechanical properties of fractured rock masses. Both orthogonally-fractured model and discrete fracture networks (DFN) were used for the geometry and 2D models were cut in various directions from 3D model to compare their mechanical properties. Geological data were loosely based on the data available from Sellafield, UK. Analytical method based on compliance tensor transformation was used for investigation in orthogonally fractured rock and numerical experiments were conducted on fractured rock mass with DFN geometry. It is shown that 2D approach always overestimates the elastic modulus of fractured rock masses by a factor of up to around two because fractures are assumed to be perpendicular to the model plane in 2D problems. Poisson ratios tend to have larger values in 2D analysis while there is opposite trend in some sections. The study quantitatively demonstrates the limitation of the 2D approach that uses the simplified model from true 3D geometry.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.537-543
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• 2010

This paper presents a slot-shaped defected ground structure(DGS) which has multi-band rejection property. The proposed structure, in which the spiral slot-shaped defects with different size are aligned in the transverse direction to the guiding direction of the coplanar waveguide(CPW), provides multiple resonance frequencies. Compared with the simulated results, the band rejection characteristic is in good agreement with the measurement. Also, an equivalent circuit model of the proposed structure is presented, where the DGS on the ground plane is modeled as LC-resonators. This resonators are inductively coupled to the signal line through mutual inductance. From the equivalent circuit model, multi-band rejection property was derived.

• Composites Research
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.347-352
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• 2016

This work presents the free vibration characteristics of laminated composite corrugated rectangular plates using the analytical method. Because it is very difficult to determine its mechanical behavior of 3-dimensional corrugated structures analytically, the equivalent homogenization model is adapted to investigate the overall mechanical behavior of corrugated structures. The corrugated element can be homogenized as an orthotropic material. Both the effective extensional and flexural stiffness of this homogenized equivalent orthotropic material are considered in the analysis. The present analytical results are validated by those obtained from 3D finite element analysis based on shell elements. The natural frequencies and global vibration mode shapes obtained from present analytical and finite element analysis are presented. Some numerical results are presented to check the effect of the geometric properties.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.142-147
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• 2001

Using transmission-line equivalent circuit based on cross-field model for an interdigital acoustic wave transducer, an efficient simulation technique of SAW filters by SPICE is proposed. Propagation of surface acoustic wave is modeled as transmission line so that frequency-dependent circuit elements are not needed in the equivalent circuit of an interdigital transducer. Because the equivalent circuits for frequency-dependent circuit elements are not derived approximately, and a small number of circuit elements are used in the equivalent circuit for filters, simulation time is much reduced. The utility of the proposed technique is demonstrated through simulation for the characteristics of SAW filters such as insertion loss, input admittance, passband ripple, and harmonic frequency response.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.479-485
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• 2001

In this paper, we propose optical subcarrier mutiplexing(SCM) transceiver module for base station(BS) that has no optical source and can be used for full-duplex communication over single optical fiber. In this method we retransmit optical modulated signal to the central office(CO) using loop-back system with a ring type Mach-Zehnder modulator(MZM) in BS, where optical source is transmitted from the CO. We have modeled the ring type MZM and were conformed that the measured results were in good agreement with the modeling. In the ring type MZM, the optical symmetric position of the MZM is very important in RF signal transmission.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.15 no.10 s.89
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• pp.1005-1010
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• 2004

An analysis method of slot-coupled microstripline to waveguide transition is presented to developed a simple but accurate equivalent circuit model. The equivalent circuit consists of an ideal transformer, microstrip open stub, and admittance elements looking into a waveguide and a half space of feed side from a slot center. The related circuit element values are calculated by applying the reciprocity theorem, the Fourier transform and series representation, the complex power concept, and the spectral-domain immittance approach. The computed scattering parameters are compared with the measured, and good agreement validates the simplicity and accuracy of the proposed equivalent circuit model.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2000

In this paper, the consolidation efficiency and the equivalent diameter of the cross shaped drain are examined by using the laboratory test and the numerical model, and the results are compared with those of the band shaped drain. The equivalent diameter of the tested drains is back-calculated from the laboratory experiment and compared with those calculated from the formula suggested in the literature. The efficiency of the cross shaped drain is evaluated by using the 3-D flow program which was validated by the settlement-time test fill data. The results of laboratory test show that the equivalent diameter of the band shaped drain was close to the Rixner's formula and that of the cross shaped drain was fit to the following formula: $d_w\;=\; \\tarc{3}{4}.(b+t)$The results of the numerical analysis show that the cross shaped drain can reduce the consolidation time by 9-10% from that for the band shaped drain. The equivalent diameter obtained from the numerical flow model by using the field data is 3.5 times smaller than that obtained from the laboratory consolidation test.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.368-376
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• 2011

Piezoelectric composites have been widely used in broadband acoustic transducers because of their lower acoustic impedance and higher electro-mechanical coupling factor. However, their complex structure has placed many limitations on the design of various transducers. This paper suggests the methodology to substitute the 1-3 piezocomposites by a single-phased material that has properties equivalent to those of the piezocomposites. The resonant method and finite element analysis (FEA) are used to derive the equivalent properties that can accurately depict resonant properties at various vibration modes of the piezocomposites. Validity of the suggested method is confirmed by comparing frequency characteristics of fabricated 1-3 piezocomposite specimens and FEA models. Further, accuracy of the derived material constants is checked by applying the equivalent properties to FEA models of the single phase material for various resonant modes.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.1276-1282
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• 2003

The SMT(Surface Mount Type) ferrite bead used to reduce the influx of power bus noise is modeled with parallel capacitor(C), series resistor(R) and series inductor(L). The simple equivalent circuit modeling doesn't agree with the measurement result. In this paper, we proposed the accurate equivalent circuit model of the ferrite bead at wide frequency range(50 MHz∼3 GHz) and analyzed the noise effect to the high speed IC(Integrate Circuit) with ferrite bead or not.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.290-291
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 열-전기-기계 하중 하의 지능형 복합재료 보 모델을 전산점근해석기법에 기초하여 개발하였다. 열-전기-기계 하중 하의 구조물은 지난 십년간 많은 연구가 있어왔으나, 주로 고전적 보 모델에 기반을 두어 진행되어져 왔다. 멀티피직스 환경하의 구조물은 여러 가지 하중의 조합과 이에 따른 연성효과의 고려가 필수적이다. 따라서 공학적인 가정이 없는 점근해석기법은 보다 정확한 등가 보 모델을 개발하는데 있어 기반요소가 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 3차원 멀티피직스 구성방정식으로부터 출발하여 점근기법을 적용 체계적으로 등가 보 모델을 유도하고 그 해석 결과를 고찰하고자 한다.