• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.36
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• pp.233-269
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• 2013

This study aims to explore practicable and sustainable strategies for locality documentation through networking, linking, and recontextualization of records in digital environments. It applies the 'spanDoc(SPAace-based Networked Documentation) Model to document Donghae-Nambu Railway areas placed in Busan Metropolitan City tentatively. Considering that mobility and openness are the main characteristics of Busan, railway areas and their stations can be proper places for representing such localities of the city. Moreover, there can be much experiences and memories of residents surrounding those areas, because Donghae-Nambu Railway has been used as short distance transportation facilities across the inner city of Busan since 1930's. This study tries to implement the documentation strategy for the selected space, following the procedures of the spanDoc Model. Firstly, this study develops the structure of the subjects through investigating the related information sources and archives from various collecting institutions. Secondly, it carries out records surveys to identify the essential records types for documenting the Donghae-Nambu Railway areas. Thirdly, it describes the subjects and sub-subjects, and the entries of places, people and subjects for adding to the dictionaries. Finally, it links many entities such as subjects, records, and dictionary, and builds the databases regarding the inter-links and systematic accumulation of the outputs of each step.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2010

This study looked into changes in catches of anchovy and production of sea mustard(Undaria pinnatifida) in Southern part of East Sea in Korea from 1990 to 2007 out of the fishing industry production statistics of Korea from 1969 to 2007, and then examined the relationship between the productions and the sea temperature. The production of sea mustard(Undaria pinnatifida) decreased when the sea surface temperature was high, as it adversely affected its production, while its production increased when the sea surface temperature was low, as this facilitated its growth.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

This aim of the study is to investigate the plan and elevation types of existing way stations built in the early 20th century Korea, focused on Choong-ang, Donghae-nambu, and Kyung-jeon line of the railroad tracklines. The plans and elevations are drawn up and analyzed based on literature data and aerial photographs through the survey. These way stations are classified into various types by room layout and front elevation. The basic plan types are composed of waiting room, station service room, and administration. The station service room has a train operation room in the projecting part of corner. This room has windows on every side to see in and out of train. There are the enlarged, extended waiting room types, and linear types in the other plan types. The waiting room is lied on the right side, and has a gable roof in elevation. The elevation types are classified with side and centralized, and so on by the placement and shape of gable roofs. The basic elevation types have gable roofs in sides lied on the waiting room, and these types are transformed into centralized types by extension of waiting room The others are the linear types without gable roofs and the unusual roof types in appearance.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.435-444
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• 2001

Daily time series of longshore wind at 8 stations, sea surface temperature (SST) at 11 stations in the eastern coast of the Korean peninsula during $1983\~1997$ and the NOAA/AVHRR satellite data during $1990\~1998$ were used in order to study the temporal and spatial variations of the upwelling cold water which occurred in the summer season. The cold water occurred frequently in the eastern coastal waters of Korea such as Soimal, Kijang, Ulgi, Kampo, Pohang, Youngduk, Chukbyun, Chumunjin and Sokcho, During the upwelling cold water phenomenon, SST came down more than $-5^{\circ}C$ in a day. The maximum of the averaged RMS amplitude of daily SST was $5.8^{\circ}C$ along the eastern coast of Korea on Julian day 212 from $1983\~1997$. The cross correlation coefficients were higher than 0.5 between Sokcho and Chumunjin in the northern part of the East Sea, and along Soimal, Kijang, Ulgi, Kampo and Pohang in the southern part of the East Sea. In late July, 1995 the cold water occurred at Ulgi coastal area and extended to Ullung island which is located 250 km off the Ulgi coast. Even though the distance between Soimal and the Ulgi coast area is more than 120 km, the cross correlation coefficient related to the anomalies of SST due to upwelling cold water was the highest (0.7) in the southeastern coastal area of the Korean peninsula. This connection may be due to the cyclonic circulation of the Tsushima Current in this area and the topography of the ocean rather than the local south wind which induced the coastal upwelling.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2016

In response to the government's recent attempts to introduce competition and efficiency criteria in the rural railway service provision, this study is to empirically estimate public service values on continuous operation of two rural railways-Young Dong Line (YDL) and Donghae Nambu Line (DNL)-that will be realized beyond the passengers' use values. Based on a contingent valuation survey conducted on 600 passengers and local residents, YDL respondents were willing to pay significantly higher amount compared to those of DNL respondents. Especially tourists traveling on YDL were willing to pay the highest amount, and local residents of DNL were willing to pay relatively high amount. The results will provide useful information in makings decisions on the selection of PSO railways, the amount of PSO compensation and which railways to close, so on.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.123-131
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• 2011

Seabird distribution in the East Sea was studied from April to May 2007 using line transect counts. We observed a total of 1,379 individuals of 23 species including 14 species of seabird. The overall seabird sighting rate was 2.5 birds $km^{-2}$. The Streaked shearwater(Calonectris leucomelas)(74.5%) was the numerically dominant species. Ancient murrelets(Synthliboramphus antiquus)(8.3%), red-throated divers(Gavia stellata)(5.0%), common terns(Sterna hirundo)(2.1%), Pacific divers(Gavia pacifica)(2.0%), and black-tailed gulls (Larus crassirostris)(1.1%) were also frequently observed. The sightings of seabirds was highest between $36^{\circ}N$ and $37^{\circ}N$ of the coastal area of the Korean peninsular. However, the index of species diversity(H') was higher between $35^{\circ}N$ and $36^{\circ}N$. The sighting rates of most observed species decreased with distance from the coastline. The distribution patterns of Streaked shearwater were linked to the variation in the distribution pattern of minke whales(Balaenoptera acutorostrata). Also, spatial segregation was found in the distributions of the two species of divers(Gavia spp.).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2016

Field observation for oceanic conditions and paralarvae of the common squid, Todarodes pacificus in Korean waters were sampled with the Bongo net (diameter: 60 cm, mesh size: $333{\mu}m$) by using oblique tow method with the oceanographic research vessel (Tamgu 12 and Tamgu 20) around Korean waters (middle of the Yellow Sea, northern part of the East China Sea, East Sea) in 2013 and 2014 was carried out. The observation in the Yellow Sea and the northern part of the East China Sea was done in August, 2013 and in the East Sea it was repeated at seven times from June, 2013 to September, 2014. The paralarvae in August of 2013 was not found in the Yellow Sea and one paralarvae was found in the northern part of the East China Sea. In the East Sea, 39 paralarvae during whole observation period were found, mantle length of paralarvae was from 1.7 to 13.5 mm. Surface water temperature in the Yellow Sea was $30^{\circ}C$, and cold water mass lower than $10^{\circ}C$ was occupied in the deep layer than 30 m. In the northern part of the East China Sea, surface water temperature was $31^{\circ}C$, and higher water temperature above $20^{\circ}C$ was found in deeper than 50 m. In the East Sea, optimum temperature for survival, $15-24^{\circ}C$, was existed shallower than 75 m.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.259-268
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• 2010

Data on squid catches by the Korean jig fishery in sea blocks ($30'{\times}30'$), water temperatures at depth(30m, 50m and 100m) and zooplankton biomass in the East Sea from 1980 to 1999 were analyzed to examine the mechanism of formation of the high density stock area. Japanese common squid (Todarodes pacificus) catch in the East Sea was low in 1980s, while the catch was high in 1990s. The five sea blocks (No. 76, 82, 83, 87, 88) of the southern part in the eastern coastal waters of Korea showed high levels of percentage of total catch (35.1%), whereas the four sea blocks (No. 65, 71, 72, 78) of the coastal waters of Uleung Island showed high levels of percentage of CPUE (61.2%) for 20 years. Squid catches showed monthly fluctuations according to the vertical distribution of optimum water temperature for fishing ($14^{\circ}C{\sim}19^{\circ}C$). High total catch and high CPUE area matched well with $10^{\circ}C$ isothermal lines at 100m depth indicating northern limiting of Tsushima Warm Current, and temporal and spatial change in $10^{\circ}C$ isothermal line caused the change in total catch and CPUE. Horizontal distribution of zooplankton biomass by sea block was not matched well with those of total catch and CPUE, however pattern of time-series change in total zooplankton biomass was similar to that in total squid catch.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.191-193
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• 2003

Temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton pigment concentrations around the Korea Peninsula was described, using the monthly mean composite images of the SeaWiFS (Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor). The high pigment concentrations appear in the spring and fall in the East Sea The spring bloom in the southern regions (in April) occurs one month in advance in comparison with tint in the northern regions (in May). In summer season, the pigment concentrations are low all over the region in the East Sea And the high pigment concentrations exist yearly around warm stream along the coast of the East Sea, and in the coast of the West Sea and South Sea In particular, the high pigment concentrations linking near the mouth q the Yangze River to coast of South Sea in Korea appear during August to December.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.215-222
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• 2014

Paralarvae of the common squid, Todarodes pacificus Steenstrup were sampled with the bongo net (diameter: 60 cm, mesh: $333{\mu}m$) by using oblique tow method with the oceanographic research vessel (Tamgu 12) at 21 stations along the southwestern coastal waters of the East Sea in August and September, 2013. Paralarvae were collected 16 ind./$10m^3$ in August and 7 ind./$10m^3$ in September at approximately, and bottom depth was from 70 m to 500 m. Mantle length of paralarvae was from 1.7 to 6.0 mm. Paralavae were distributed mainly in offshore stations in August and near by Cape Janggi in September. Optimum embryo survival temperature ($18-24^{\circ}C$) was formed shallower than 35 m depth for almost stations where paralarvae were existed, and survival temperature ($15-24^{\circ}C$) for embryo stage was located shallower than 75 m.