• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.453-462
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• 2021

As the frequency of localized heavy rainfall has increased during recent years, the importance of high-resolution radar data has also increased. This study aims to correct the bias of Dual Polarization radar that still has a spatial and temporal bias. In many studies, various statistical techniques have been attempted to correct the bias of radar rainfall. In this study, the bias correction of the S-band Dual Polarization radar used in flood forecasting of ME was implemented by a Convolutional Autoencoder (CAE) algorithm, which is a type of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The CAE model was trained based on radar data sets that have a 10-min temporal resolution for the July 2017 flood event in Cheongju. The results showed that the newly developed CAE model provided improved simulation results in time and space by reducing the bias of raw radar rainfall. Therefore, the CAE model, which learns the spatial relationship between each adjacent grid, can be used for real-time updates of grid-based climate data generated by radar and satellites.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.53
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• pp.207-247
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• 2020

is a project for the senior generation with humanistic knowledge to become a mentor and communicate with them to present the wisdom and direction of life to the new generations of mentees based on various life experiences. has been expanding since 2015, starting with the pilot operation in 2014. In general, projects such as these are assessed to establish effectiveness indicators to verify effectiveness and to establish project management and development strategies. However, most of the evaluations have been conducted quantitatively and qualitatively based on the short-term duration of the project. Therefore, in the case of continuous projects such as , especially in the field of culture and arts where long-term effectiveness verification is required, the short-term evaluation is difficult to predict and judge the actual meaningful effects. In this regard, tried to examine the qualitative change of key participants in this project through the 2017 and 2018 image tracking survey. For this purpose, we adopted qualitative research methodology through interview video shooting, field shooting, and value coding as a research method suitable for the research subject. To analyze the results, first, the interview images were transcribed, keywords were extracted, value encoding works were matched with human psychological values, and the theoretical method was used to identify changes and to derive the meaning. In fact, despite the fact that the study conducted in this study was a follow-up survey, it remained a limitation that it analyzed the changed pattern in a rather short time of 2 years. However, this study systemized the specific methodology that researchers should conduct for follow-up and provided the flow of research at the present time when there is hardly a model for follow-up in the field of culture and arts education business in Korea as well as abroad. Significance can be derived from this point. In addition, it can be said that it has great significance in preparing the detailed system and case of comparative analysis methodology through value coding.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.55-60
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• 2022

In this study, a heat treatment experiment was conducted to select a new melt composition that can easily control the unintentionally doped nitrogen (N-UID) without degrading the SiC single crystal quality during TSSG process. The experiment was carried out for about 2 hours at a temperature of 1900℃ under Ar atmosphere. The used melt composition is based on either Si-Ti 10 at% or Si-Cr 30 at%, and also Co or Sc transition metals, which are effective for carbon solubility, were added at 3 at%, respectively. After the experiment, the crucible was cross-sectionally cut, and evaluated the Si-C reaction layer on the crucible-melt interface. As a result, with Sc addition, Si-C reaction layers uniformly occurred with a Si-infiltrated layer (~550 ㎛) and a SiC interlayer (~23 ㎛). This result represented that the addition of Sc is an effective transition metal with high carbon solubility and can feed carbon sources into the melt homogeneously. In addition, Sc is well known to have low reactivity energy with nitrogen compared to other transition metals. Therefore, we expect that both growth rate and Nitrogen UID can be controlled by Si-Sc based melt in the TSSG process.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.33
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• pp.147-177
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• 2019

This article attempts to examine the fundamental perceptions and attitudes of human beings towards others utilizing the concept of 'precariat,' a new word recently created to designate people affected by the inequality and instability brought about by neoliberal globalization. Especially, the precariats within South Korean society noted in this article will be North Korean migrants. When leaving North Korea, they have entered into South Korean society with hurting bodies and minds as they made their way through China or third party countries. After arriving in South Korea, they face difficulties such as inadequate jobs and low-level welfare benefits. Also, considering the social discrimination, exclusion, and indifference towards North Korean migrants which are commonplace, they come to live their lives as precariats. Given their situation, I would like to seek wisdom for North Korean migrants to apply as they escape from insecure lives, and perhaps Sangsaeng (mutual beneficence) would allow them to do that within South Korean society. In this light, I think that the concept of hospitality and Haewon Sangsaeng (the resolution of grievances for mutual beneficence), a code of practical ethics within the Daesoon Thought, as a basis for discussion with other philosophies that are practical in enabling North Korean migrants and South Korean citizens to coexist within modern day South Korean society. This can be achieved because 'Haewon (grievance-resolution)' lowers the boundary between self and others through sharing, and consequently, daily mutual interactions can unfold as 'Sangsaeng', which stands as a new ethical and practical system of values available to all modern individuals. In fact, contrary to the religious implications of Daesoon Thought, the philosophical and existential significance of Daesoon Thought has not received much attention. However, if we pay attention to the question of why human subjects should be hospitable to others, we can grasp how Daesoon Thought presents values that are existential in nature and also consider the specific context that accompanies the religious aspects of this system of thought.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.96-107
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• 2023

The objective of this study is to explore future issues that Chinese users, who have the highest mobile payment service usage rate in the world, will be most interested in. For this purpose, after collecting text data from a Chinese SNS site, it classifies major keywords into 4 types of future signals by using Keyword Emergence Map (KEM) and Keyword Issue Map (KIM). Furthermore, to understand the four types of signals in detail, it performs the qualitative analysis on text related to each signal keyword. As a result, it finds that the strong signal, which is rapidly growing in keyword appearance frequency during this research period, includes the keywords related to the daily life of Chinese people, such as buses, subways, and household account books. Additionally, it find that the signal that appears frequently now, but with a low increase rate, includes various services that can replace cash payment, such as hongbao (cash payment) and bank cards. The weak signal and latent signal, which appear less often than other two signals, includes the keywords related to promotion events or changes in service regulations. Its result shows that the mobile payment services greatly have changed user's daily life beyond providing convenience. Furthermore, it shows that, in the Chinese market, in which card payment is not common, the mobile payment services have the great potential to completely replace cash payment.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.299-314
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• 2017

Technological advances in media have expanded users' consciousness. At the same time, users have changed from passive into active voice by interacting media. The emergence of mobile made different structures and contents compared to the past. Especially, Korean culture of mobile converted original media channels to contents in a category. Plus, the usage structure of internet of this time converges in massive portal sites. It is because that the structure has aspect of emitting through remediation in the sites. Also, Korean massive portal sites have provided specific service named 'real-time issues'. This is not only the unique way of offering information that exists in Korea but also high usability of getting issues. We therefore considered the meaning of durability of real-time issues in the view of journalism, compared original media channels. Then, this paper identified the user attributes for acquisition of information following ways using informal and formal data from Korean massive portal sites named 'Daum' and 'Naver'.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.407-411
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• 2023

The urease is covalently immobilized on the surface of the magnetic particles to catalyze the conversion of urea to bicarbonate anion. The conversion was confirmed qualitatively using high-pressure liquid chromatography and UV/Vis spectrometry, and analyzed quantitatively with cyclic voltammetry. The amount of conversion with respect to time was measured and analyzed by the reaction rate equation to calculate a reaction rate constant of 0.0474 min-1. In the 1 to 3 cycles, a conversion percentage of over 90% was found, and it was possible to reuse the urease 8 times up to the percentage of 50%. It was also observed that the stability evaluated for storage for 30 days was maintained. As a result of this study, it can be seen that the urease covalently immobilized on the scaffold can be used for urea removal for the purpose of producing ultrapure water.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.488-495
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• 2007

A wallpaper having many surfaces in indoor is composed of various raw materials. In this study, TVOC contribution from raw materials of PVC wallpaper was evaluated by using headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME)-GC/MS. Samples were diluent, resin stabilizer, plasticizer, filler, blowing agent and PVC resin. 9 mL of each sample was put into 22 mL glass vial and they were equilibrated for 1 hour at $100^{\circ}C$. Headspace in vial was absorbed to $75{\mu}m$ Carboxen-PDMS fiber and analyzed by GC/MS. Aromatic compounds like a toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene, ketones compounds like a acetone, methoxyacetone and 2-butanone and alkane compounds like a nonane decane and undecane were identified from raw materials. And alcohol compounds like a ethanol and butanol and aldehydes were detected. TVOC emission of diluent, resin stabilizer, plasticizer, PVC resin, blowing agent and filler were $54.20{\mu}g/g$, $32.88{\mu}g/g$, $0.50{\mu}g/g$, $0.88{\mu}g/g$, $0.22{\mu}g/g$ and $0.11{\mu}g/g$, respectively. Contribution of TVOC emission of diluent, resin stabilizer and PVC resin that were concerned about add ratio were 0.708, 0.129, 0.115, respectively. In conclusion, it's necessary to reduce TVOC emission through improvement of diluent, resin stabilizer and PVC resin. Also, HS-SPME-GC/MS method which was developed in this study will be used for raw materials analysis effectively.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.562-568
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• 2021

Seat reservations and civil complaints in the library reading room have been done face-to-face by managers, and efficient management has been difficult. In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to take action in the event of a civil complaint due to user inconvenience, such as a noise problem between users in the reading room. In this study, an online reservation system was developed for efficient management of seats in the library reading room so that it could be serviced non-face-to-face. In addition, when using the library reading room, it is possible to apply for non-face-to-face civil complaints when complaints occur due to noise problems between users, loss of belongings, and snoring during the user's sleep. Managers can smoothly manage library reading rooms through non-face-to-face inconvenience reports. It is possible to increase the satisfaction of using the library by resolving the inconvenience of users. The developed service app allows seat reservations and anonymous inconvenience reports. The administrator can check the received inconvenience report and warn the user of the seat with an IoT sensor-based LED. When corrective action is completed, the result of the action may be fed back to the reporter.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.311-321
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• 2023

The efficacy of the alginate microsphere (Alginate MS) oral vaccine against Miamiensis avidus in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was confirmed through challenge infections by both immersion and injection routes. In trial 1, the formalin-inactivated M. avidus coated with alginate, designated as 'IMa+Alginate MS' group, and the IMa group were administered with vaccines mixed with feed, with a total antigen dose of 3.75 × 10⁶ cells/fish. When challenged with immersion infection at five weeks post vaccination, the relative percent survival (RPS) in the IMa+Alginate MS group was 50% (immersed in 50% seawater) and 37.5% (immersed in 100% seawater). The group that received only IMa showed a low survival rate. In trial 2, the antigen was fed mixed with feed at a total dose of 2.38 × 10⁶ cells/fish for 5 days. Two weeks after oral vaccination, fish were intraperitoneally injected for infection. The RPS in the IMa+Alginate MS group was 30.8%, while the IMa-only group showed no vaccine efficacy. At five weeks post vaccination, when subjected to challenge infection by immersion in 50% seawater, the IMa+Alginate MS group recorded a RPS of 42.9%, whereas the IMa group had a RPS of 14.3%. The results of this study indicate that coating M. avidus antigen with alginate can provide higher protection in olive flounder compared to administering the antigen alone.