• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.21-28
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• 2018

To compare the physical quantity of students circulation along the moving path during recess of a variation type operation middle school, five points were actually observed. The flow coefficient for these points was calculated, and the change in flow coefficient was verified and tracked over time. During the operation of the classroom, the characteristics of crowdedness and congestion time depending on the physical conditions of the frequently moved paths were shown. Even in the same corridor, the difference between the flow coefficient and the congestion time of the corridor facing the open space and the blocked space was noticeably different. As a result, detailed factors such as free walking speed, the degree of freedom of passing and the possibility of collision were also identified. This means that detailed countermeasures for the student's path should be considered first when planning the moving space of a variation type school, and identifying the characteristics of these factors could be used as useful basic materials for developing various models of classroom space.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.427-429
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 국내 방사선 작업 종사자의 연간 피폭량 중 상당부분(30%)를 차지하는 원자력 발전소 작업 종사자의 방사선 피폭량을 3차원 그래픽 시뮬레이션 기술 및 Java 프로그래밍과 수치해석 방법을 이용하여, 보다 안전한 작업 계획 수립에 필요한 작업 동선에 따른 방사선 피폭변화에 대하여 연구하였다. 원자력 발전소의 방사성 폐기물 처리 시설에 대해 3차원 그래픽으로 모델링 작업을 수행하고, 가상공간에서 선원과 작업자와의 거리 및 시간에 따른 방사선 피폭량을 수치 해석적으로 계산하였다. 선원의 종류에 따른 특정감마선($\tau$상수)을 입력하여 가상 작업 시뮬레이션 동안의 피폭선량을 평가하였으며, 시간에 따른 가상 작업자의 위치와 이동거리, 방사선 피폭량 등의 결과데이터 파일을 이용하여 작업 결과를 분석하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.300-305
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• 2012

The saving of time, which is defined as the demand from passengers and the supply from the urban railway, must be balanced. The selected factors influencing on the balance are the traffic, customer contact facilities, the number of failures, customer complaints(VOC), passenger moving time and transfer stations. Also, the overall ratio of SMRT's 4 lines is generated by differentiating the rate of each attribute in each factor. This is not only to differentiate the stations with peculiar factors but also to standardize criteria of the personalized services. Furthermore, as part of standardization, standard drawings of facility management are prepared for the improvement on the management of human resource and material. The drawings include passenger moving lines, location of safety incidents and also indicate the rating of the factors in each station and overall evaluation rating. In conclusion, this thesis aims to improve customer satisfaction constantly by reducing passenger moving time, through the differentiated management of each station.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.27-40
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• 2002

The circulation of sea water was simulated by two dimensional tide model using the main four tidal components and permanent current driven by inflow/outflow across open boundaries. According to the residt of tide model, the maximum speed of eastward flow on the Cheju Strait is twice higher than that of westward flow. According to the result of permanent current, the flow of permanent current showing semi-circle pattern in the southern part of Kojedo was due to variation of topography. According to the result of circulation model in the Cheju Strait, eastward flow entering in the southern waters from the Yellow Sea of Korea were dominant, but outflows westward were weak. These results suggest that it was difficult to move for suspended particulate matter into the Yellow sea from the southern waters through Cheju Strait.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.13-21
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• 2013

Super high-rise buildings of combined use such as large shopping malls and multiplex etc. have larger parking facilities than general buildings and are characteristic of an increase in the number of the entrance and the exit connecting internal external space of the parking lot. These features cause a congestion of internal traffic by increasing car driving distance in the parking lot, and vehicle idling increases by drivers wander the parking lot in order to find parking space. In addition, they make drivers suffer from lots of difficulties due to parking including increasing their walking line after parking. Therefore, in this study, we developed individual parking information provision algorithm to specify the optimal parking place for drivers according to the purpose of visiting a building and the drivers' moving path, and selected new construction site for the second lotte world in order to evaluate the algorithm developed and performed evaluation. As a result of the evaluation, it was analyzed that in the case of applying the individual parking information provision algorithm compared to the existing parking information provision algorithm, moving distance in the parking lot decreases around 7.43~83.4%, and that in the case of $CO_2$ emission, it decreased about 47.7% on average, which indicates that the efficiency resulted from application of the individual parking information provision algorithm is very high as the application effects are tested.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.79-89
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• 2022

With the wide use of greenhouses, the working hours have been increasing inside the greenhouse for workers. In the closed ventilated greenhouse, the internal environment has less affected to external weather during making a suitable temperature for crop growth. Greenhouse workers are exposed to organic dust including soil dust, pollen, pesticide residues, microorganisms during tillage process, soil grading, fertilizing, and harvesting operations. Therefore, the health status and working environment exposed to workers should be considered inside the greenhouse. It is necessary to secure basic data on particulate matter (PM) concentrations in order to set up dust reduction and health safety plans. To understand the PM concentration of working environment in greenhouse, the PM concnentrations were monitored in the cut-rose and Hallabong greenhouses in terms of PM size, working type, and working period. Compare to no-work (move) period, a significant increase in PM concentration was found during tillage operation in Hallabong greenhouse by 4.94 times on TSP (total suspended particle), 2.71 times on PM-10 (particle size of 10 ㎛ or larger), and 1.53 times on PM-2.5, respectively. During pruning operation in cut-rose greenhouse, TSP concentration was 7.4 times higher and PM-10 concentration was 3.2 times higher than during no-work period. As a result of analysis of PM contribution ratio by particle sizes, it was shown that PM-10 constitute the largest percentage. There was a significant difference in the PM concentration between work and no-work periods, and the concentration of PM during work was significant higher (p < 0.001). It was found that workers were generally exposed to a high level of dust concentration from 2.5 ㎛ to 35.15 ㎛ during tillage operation.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.315-327
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• 2007

This study investigated temporal and spatial variation of Pb and stable Pb isotopes accumulated in Ulleung Basin core sediments (4) using MC ICP/MS in order to identify the sources of anthropogenic Pb in the East/Japan Sea. Leached (1M HCl) Pb concentration and isotope ratios ($^{207}Pb/^{206}Pb\;and\;^{208}Pb/^{206}Pb$) were nearly constant during 300 yrs past than 1930, but increased up to twice in concentration and as much as 3.41% (1.70%) after 2000. On the other hand, residual Pb concentrations were nearly constant for past 400 yrs. The accumulation rates of anthropogenic Pb in the basin area were in the range of $3.1-3.5mg/m^2/yr$, which were similar levels to total atmospheric Pb deposition fluxes from 1990s to the present. In the slope area, more increase of anthropogenic Pb accumulation than the levels expected from mass accumulation rate could be found after the middle of 1990s. From the detailed evaluation for the temporal and spatial variation of accumulation rate and isotope ratios of anthropogenic Pb, we proposed probable sources and pathways of anthropogenic Pb. Pb emmision by coal burning from the China and Korea initiated the accumulation of anthropogenic Pb in the sediments of East/Japan Sea from 1930s. The accumulation of Pb increased by the addition of anti-nocking agents from both countries untill the beginning of 1990s, but from the middle of 1990s to the present, the phase-out of gasoline additives and the rapid increase of coal burning from the China maintained the atmospheric Pb levels in the Ulleung basin nearly similar to before. However, the local sources within this basin might take an important role in the rapid increase of anthropogenic Pb accumulation in slope areas from the middle of 1990s.