• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.73-97
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• 2011

This study examined what factors were associated with psychological well-being of grandparents providing daily care to their grandchildren. More focus on the role of various mediators such as caregiving perception and resources were given to investigate the complicated relationships between providing care and psychological function. I used the nationally representative data from the '2008 Korean National Survey of Welfare Need in the Elderly'. Results showed that there were diverse circumstances of caregiving. Grandparents who cared their grandchildren on behalf of dual career parents emerged predominantly from them. Findings also suggested that type of caregiving was related to external factors. Grandparents shouldering greater responsibility for their grandchildren showed lower levels of resources such as financial conditions and social support, and more negative perception of caregiving, which in turn was associated with lower psychological well-being. Finally, more financial resource and neighborhood support directly influenced more positive perception of caregiving. To enhance resources and empower grandparents raising their grandchildren, community-based intervening mechanism incorporating various environments and effective services to meet the needs of grandparents should be discussed in future studies.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.513-518
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine correlation between smoking and gingivitis in boy students targeting 281 students in the 2nd grade for vocational boys' high schools where are located in Cheongju city. As a result of carrying out questionnaire research and oral examination, the following conclusions were obtained. 1. The smoking-experience rate in subjects of this study accounted for 59.4%. The current smoking rate was indicated to be 41.3%. Students' average gingivitis prevalence accounted for 61.5%. Out of those students, the students with experience of smoking accounted for 44.8%. The average gingivitis index was $0.20{\pm}0.27$. Out of those students, the students with experience of smoking were indicated to be $0.29{\pm}0.31$. 2. In case of having experience of smoking, the probability of having gingivitis was high(p = 0.000). The more drinking experience led to the higher gingivitis prevalence(p = 0.010). 3. In the multi-variate analysis, a case of gingivitis prevalence was higher in the group with experience of smoking by 5.5 times(p = 0.000) compared to the non-smoking group. A case that the smoking volume for a day is over 6 pieces was higher by 8.4 times(p = 0.000) compared to the non-smoking group. A case of being over 25 months in the smoking period was higher 13.2 times(p = 0.000) compared to the non-smoking group.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.25-45
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to explain experiences of non-music majors to changing their majors into music therapy and to provide the preliminary study for deriving a grounded theory. For that, in-depth interviews were performed targeting 5 students who did not major in music in their undergraduate courses selected from the graduate students who are majoring in music therapy at the colleges located in Seoul. Data was analyzed for the study by applying the modified grounded theory. The result of study showed that they selected the course of music therapy career as they were motivated by the realistic demand for future employment, career potentials and other realistic causes. These factors caused them to study the surrounding situations and conduct the detailed research on the possibility of music therapy. These factors were also dependent on the individual characteristics, external elements and music background. These experiences were connected to the self-integration and pursuit of growth by newly setting their relation to the 'Music Child'. In addition, the demand of being the meaningful existence in relationship also affected them to more specify their aspirations in the progress of career selection on a continual basis. This study is meaningful as it provides the actual information on them.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.37-58
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine whether or not the use of number-related fairy tales had any effects on young children's mathematical inquiry skills in a bid to help facilitate their development of mathematical capabilities. The subjects in this study were 30 preschoolers who were four years old in Western age and attended G kindergarten in Jung-gu, Ulsan. The instrument used to assess their mathematical inquiry skills was Choi Hye-jin(2003)'s Preschooler Math Capability Inventory. The collected data wee analyzed with SPSS Win 11.5 program, and analysis of covariance was utilized. The findings of the study were as follows: The application of number-related fairy tales turned out to be effective in developing the young children's abilities to figure out the regularity of things, conception of number, geometrical abilities, measurement abilities and mathematical inquiry skills of the preschoolers. The above-mentioned findings suggested that the application of number-related fairy tales was one of good teaching methods to step up the development of young children's mathematical inquiry skills. Specifically, that could inner motivation to preschoolers in mathematical contexts and take their problem-solving skills to another level.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.1087-1102
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of reflective thinking facilitation program on reflection areas and its levels that pre-service science teachers present in the class teaching practice during the student-teaching period. Seven pre-service science teachers participated in this study and only four pre-service science teachers among them were additionally trained with the reflective program. Reflections of pre-service science teachers were mostly shown on class management, including attention and motivation, reflection and improvement for teaching activities, and interactions. However, the understanding of the science curricula and their reconstruction, and advance notice about the next class were not mentioned in their reflections. Pre-service science teachers who participated in the additional reflective program have shown more frequent reflections than those who only participated in the traditional student-teaching program. Pre-service science teachers, not trained with the reflective program, mostly showed descriptive reflection. However, those who participated in the reflective program have shown higher levels of reflections such as dialogic as well as the descriptive reflection. Therefore, pre-education program, reflective journal-writings, and science teachers' assessments on class and their feedback seem to improve the frequency and level of reflection for the pre-service science teachers.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.61-73
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• 2004

In this study, I have analyzed domestic dental clinics which had introduced CRM for customer satisfaction management. The purpose of this study is to provide information for designing efficient CRM. I would suggest some strategies to carry out CRM as followed. First, promote long-term relationship with customers. Second, select a target patient group and classify customers. Third, set a systematic database up. Fourth, make various channels to communicate with customers. In addition, the following ways are essential to be successful in implementing CRM. First, strengthen the service provided at the Moment of Truth (MOT). Second, organize learning in hospital and all the staff should be customer-oriented. Third, perform systematic "internal marketing".

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.461-482
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the elementary pre-service teachers' perspectives on the use of the elementary mathematics textbooks by observing mathematics classes at the schools and to present suggestions on the use of textbooks in the mathematics classes. For this study, let 54 pre-service elementary school teachers observe a total of 54 classes (1,299 students) in the first through sixth grades at 15 areas in Seoul city. With the observations of the mathematics classes, the researcher analyzed the pre-service elementary teachers' perspectives on the use of resources including mathematics textbooks in the elementary mathematics classes. As a result of the study, the pre-service teachers recognized that mathematics textbooks are the main material for mathematics classes, but they think that they need to reconstruct the contents of the textbooks for effective teaching and learning mathematics. In addition, various additional materials need to be used in order to help students learn mathematics more effectively, including by differentiated materials. Also, instruments used in the classes were mainly consisted of TV and PPT data. Pre-service teachers were not much satisfied with the contents of the elementary mathematics textbooks. However, they did not feel the need for development of digital textbooks. The researcher suggested a long term research on how to use study materials such as textbooks within the overall mechanism of teaching and learning processes. Also, practical teacher education programs that include applications of textbooks at schools are necessary in order to improve the quality of mathematics teaching and learning.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.97-107
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• 2013

The latest programming paradigm has been mostly geared toward object-oriented programming and visual programming based on the object-oriented programming. However, object-oriented programming has a more difficult and complicated concept compared with that of existing structural programming technique; thus it has been very difficult to educate students in the IT-related department. This study designed and implemented a Java robot training kit in which the Java virtual machine is built so that it may enhance the desire and motivation of students for learning the object-oriented programming using the training kit which is possible to attach various input and output devices and to control a robot. The developed Java robot training kit is able to communicate with a computer through the USB interface, and it also enables learners to manufacture a robot for education and to practice applied programming because there is a general purpose input and output port inside the kit, through which diverse input and output devices, DC motor, and servo motor can be operated. Accordingly, facing the IT fusion era, the wall between the academic circles and the major becomes lower and the need for introducing education about creative engineering object-oriented programming language is emerging. At this point, the Java robot training kit developed in this study is expected to make a great commitment in this regard.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.55-79
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• 2012

The previous studies based on a resource-based view of firm highlighted the role of resources within a firm in creating and sustaining competitive advantage. Recent research, however, the relational view points to the importance of inter-firm sources(or relational capital) in creating firm competitiveness. In international business field, the studies on born-global firms also states that when firms are lack of ownership-specific advantages in their internationalization process, they resort to the external partners and social networks to complement their resource scarcity. By adopting the relational view and born-global firms concept, a network-based approach needs to be applied to explain the international strategy of Korean service firms. This is because most of Korean service firms own less ownership-specific advantages than global competitors. This study proposes Korean firms' global network building and exploiting strategy to enhance their international stages of development. The network, for example, Global Korean Tourism Network, enables network members access to the valuable resources and capabilities they are lack of when undergoing internationalization process. This study's contribution is along two dimension. First, even global Korean network is emerging as a major issue in recent years, we could not figure out how to build global Korean network for service firms. This studies gives an answer. Second, we derived what benefits can be gained from the network if Global Korean Tourism Network is developed for hotel, tourism, convention firms' internationalization.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.63-73
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• 2008

Recent years have seen an explosion of interest in interactive agents motivating human learners to engage in edutainment systems which are designed to be entertaining and educational at the same time. Especially, work on socio-emotional processes has focus on understanding of human's social behavior in training and entertainment a applications. In contrast with work on social emotion, where research groups have developed detailed models of emotional processes, models of personality have emphasized shallow surface behavior. Here, we build on computational appraisal models of emotion to better characterize dispositional differences in how people come to understand social situations. Known as explanatory style, this dispositional factor plays a key role in social interactions and certain socio-emotional disorders, such as depression. Building on appraisal and attribution theories, we model key conceptual variables underlying the explanatory style, and enable agents to exhibit different explanatory tendencies with respect to their personalities. Furthermore, we developed an interactive AR agent based on our framework and applied it into an interactive teaming system that allows participants to explore individual differences in the explanation of social events, with the goal of encouraging the development of perspective laking and emotion-regulatory skills.