• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.3
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• pp.625-634
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• 2004

When constructing a component based system, It is understood that identifying reusable and independent business components is of utmost importance. However, according to conventional component based developing methodologies, most of developers depend on their experience and/or intuition for identification of business components. Furthermore, there are no criteria to evaluate whether the identified business components are more independently defined or not. Therefore, we propose a component identification metrics to apply to component properties In order to complement the difficulties of identifying business components through developers' experience and/or intuition. The metrics defined are the criteria for identifying the business Components and/or for evaluating the Identified components. We propose both a cohesion metric, and a coupling metric, to which component properties are applied, wherein those properties can be understood by high cohesion in, and low coupling between, components. Moreover, we propose an independence metric that can evaluate the degree of independence for a particular component by ratio of the cohesion and coupling of components. The metrics that we propose are applied to case study which demonstrates the identification of more independent business components and the validity of our metrics.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.581-587
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• 2005

This paper presents a hybrid face recognition method of both the first moment of image and the independent component analysis(ICA) of fixed point(FP) algorithm based on Newton method. First moment is a method for finding centroid of image, which is applied to exclude the needless backgrounds in the face recognitions by shifting to the centroid of face image. FP-ICA is also applied to find a set of independent basis images for the faces, which is a set of statistically independent facial features. The proposed method has been applied to the problem for recognizing the 48 face images(12 persons o 4 scenes) of 64*64 pixels. The 3 distances such as city-block, Euclidean, negative angle are used as measures when match the probe images to the nearest gallery images. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a superior recognition performances(speed, rate) than conventional FP-ICA without preprocessing. The city-block has been relatively achieved more an accurate similarity than Euclidean or negative angle.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.632-634
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• 1999

다양한 소프트웨어 척도들이 절차적 패러다임에서 유용하다는 것이 밝혀졌고 객체지향 패러다임에 대해서도 많은 설계 척도들이 언어 독립적으로 제안되었다. 언어 독립적인 척도로부터 특정 프로그램밍 언어에 대한 척도를 명확하게 하는 것이 중요한데도 불구하고 Java 언어에 대한 척도는 거의 제안되지 않고 있는 형편이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 Briand가 제안한 속성을 만족하는 척도들과 Java 언어의 특징인 내부 클래스를 반영한 척도와 크기 척도 등 13개의 척도를 Java 프로그램에 적용하여 척도들 사이의 관계를 분석하였다. 클래스의 크기와 메소드 호출 빈도, 응집도, 자식 클래스의 수, 내부 클래스와 상소 계층의 깊이가 주요 인자라는 것을 보여준다. 또한 응집도가 다른 척도들과 음의 관계를 가진다는 것이 발견되었다. 보다 적은 척도를 가지고 인자를 설명할 수 있는 회귀식을 도출하고 교차검증을 실시하였다.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.41-51
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• 2019

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of virtual reality-based activities of daily living (ADL) training on ADL and rehabilitative motivation in patients with traumatic brain injury. Methods : This study was performed using a pre-post design with seven traumatically brain injured patients. Subjects were subjected to virtual reality-based ADL training for 30 minutes a day, 2 to 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Evaluation was conducted before and after the intervention using the Korean Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), Cognitive Functional Independence Measure (C-FIM), and Volitional Questionnaire (VQ). Changes before and after intervention were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and correlations were analyzed using Spearman's coefficient. Results : After intervention, patients with traumatic brain injury showed significant improvements in K-MBI (p<.05). There was no significant change in total C-FIM score and VQ score (p>.05). Total C-FIM score correlated significantly with VQ score (p<.05, r=.755). The social cognition domain of C-FIM had a significant correlation with VQ score (p<.05, r=826). Conclusions : Virtual reality-based ADL training can improve ADL performance, but further research is needed to determine whether improvements in social cognition and rehabilitative motivation are possible.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.16-26
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• 2000

Objectives：This study was done as a part of investigating individual and socioenvironmental factors affecting test anxiety in adolescent. The focusing of this study was detecting specific family enviromental factors affecting worry and emotionality of test anxiety. Methods：The subjects of this study were 880 middle and high school students in Seoul, Korea. To evaluate test anxiety level, Spielberger's Test Anxiety Inventory was applied and to evaluate familial factor, Moos and Moos' Family Environmental Scale was done. Results：The results were as follows. 1) Total and worry part of test anxiety scores were negatively correlated with cohesion and independence scores. Total, worry, and emotional part of test anxiety scores were positively correlated with achievement orientation and control scores. 2) High test anxiety group showed higher achievement orientation and control scores, and lower cohesion scores than low test anxiety group. 3) The higher socioeducational level of parents were, the higher three subscale (cohesion, independence, and achievement orientation) scores were, except control score. Conclusion：In therapeutic approach of adolescent's test anxiety, the importance of education and treatment of their parents should be emphasized. Parents should set their children's appropriate achievement goal, encourage their children's independency instead of control. Cohesion of familial members are also needed.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 2003

Patient satisfaction is now recognized as a outcome indicator of health care quality. The objective of this research was to evaluate a patient satisfaction survey instrument specially applicable to dental care, and to examines the reliability and the effect of response biases on reported satisfaction. The acceptability of satisfaction as a quality indicators was qualified by several measurement problems. The patient questionnaire was administered in four different study samples to examine the consistency of data. Cronbach's alpha was used as the measure of internal consistency. A aquiesent bias was found in the sample of 80(20%) respondents. Response biases affacted level of measured satisfaction. Highly acquiesent respondents were older, less well educated than nonaquiesent subject.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.7-17
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• 2002

편마비 환자의 인지 기능과 운동 및 신체적 기능에 관련된 변인을 분석하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 인지 기능이 편마비 환자에게 미치는 영향과 인지 영역의 손상이 편마비 환자의 독립적 기능 및 수준 향상의 예언 인자로서의 고려해야 할 개념을 검사나 평가 척도로 비교, 분석 하였다. 연구 대상은 전라북도에 소재한 한방병원에 입원 및 통원하고 있는 52-73세의 연령 범위에 있는 편마비환자 20명 이다. 편마비 환자의 기능적 능력, 운동 회복, 신체적 기능 그리고 인지적 상태를 평가하기 위해 편마비 환자를 위한 임상적 결과 변인 척도, 운동 평가 척도와 바델 척도 그리고 기능적 독립성 측정 척도를 평가도구로 사용하였다. 편마비 환자의 신체적, 운동 그리고 기능적 능력 상태를 평가도구에 의해 측정된 결과를 분석한 바 운동, 신체적 그리고 인지적인 영역과 기능적 독립 측정 척도 및 바델 척도와 관련성이 있음을 보여주고 있다. 편마비 환자의 신체적, 인지적 결함이나 손상 부위, 손상의 본질에 따른 대상의 선정과 운동 조절 형태에 관한 지식 그리고 인지와 신경학적 결함 정도를 심도있게 다루어 기능적 능력 향상의 임상적 효과를 높이고자 하는데 연구의 의의가 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.431-440
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate changes in activities of daily living (ADLs) according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) after one year of physical and occupational therapy and to compare the responsiveness of ADL tools. A total of 48 children with spastic cerebral palsy participated in the study. The GMFCS, Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM), and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) were measured. The results showed that the GMFCS was significantly correlated with the PEDI (p<0.05), while there was a significant difference in the change of ADLs measured by the PEDI, but not the WeeFIM. There was a significant difference in the changes in ADLs according to the GMFCS, and the change in ADLs in the high functional level group was significantly higher than in the low functional level group (p<0.05). After physical and occupational therapy, the degree of improvement of ADLs varied according to the GMFCS, but seemed to be improved in a clinically meaningfully way. The PEDI is sensitive to changes in ADLs, so it may be used widely in clinical practice.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.1E
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• pp.15-22
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• 1992

잡음이 있는 환경하에서는 음성 인식의 성능이 현저하게 떨어지게 된다. 본 논문에서는 이렇나 잡음의 영향에 강한 거리척도를 제안하고자 한다. 우리는 잡음이 더해진 음성신호의 특징벡터를 깨끗한 음성신호의 특징벡터가 FIR 시스템을 거쳐 변형된 것이라고 가정한다. 여기서 FIR 시스템은 잡음의 영 향을 모델링한 것이라고 할 수 있다. 미지의 FIR 시스템 계수잡음의 영향을 모델링한 것이라고 할 수 있다. 미지의 FIR 시스템계수들은 RLS 적응 알고리즘을 이용하여 구한다. 제안된 거리척도는 적응 여파 기의 예측 오차에 관한 식으로 표시되어진다. 여러 가지 적응 여파기의 구조중 단일 채널 일차 FIR 구 조가 가장 좋은 음성 인식 성능을 보이며, 이 경우 효과적인 거리척도 알고리즘을 구할 수 있다. 여러 가지 신호대 잡음비에 관하여 화자독립 격리단어 인식 실험을 DTW 알고리즘을 이용하여 수행하여 본 결과 제안된 거리척도가 거의 모든 신호대 잡음비에 대하여 우수한 성능을 보였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.617-623
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• 2008

This paper presents a human motion recognition method using both centroid shift and local basis images. The centroid shift based on 1st moment balance technique is applied to get the robust motion images against position or size changes, the extraction of local basis images based on independent component analysis(ICA) is also applied to find a set of statistically independent motion features, which is included in each motions. Especially, ICA of fixed-point(FP) algorithm based on Newton method is used for being quick to extract a local basis images of motions. The proposed method has been applied to the problem for recognizing the 160(1 person * 10 animals * 16 motions) sign language motion images of 240*215 pixels. The 3 distances such as city-block, Euclidean, negative angle are used as measures when match the probe images to the nearest gallery images. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a superior recognition performances(speed, rate) than the method using local eigen images and the method using local basis images without centroid shift respectively.