• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.309-317
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• 2009

This study was to investigate the effects of restoring cognition function and neurotrophic factor in the hippocampus according to memory and learning training in rats affected by brain injury. Brain injury was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats(36 rats) through middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAo). And then experiment groups were randomly divided into three groups; Group I: Brain injury induction(n=12), Group II: the application for treadmill training after brain injury induction(n=12), Group III: the application for memory and learning training after brain injury induction(n=12). Morris water maze acquisition test and retention test were performed to test cognitive function. And the histological examination was also observed through the immunohistochemistric response of BDNF(brain-derived neurotrophic factor) in the hippocampus. For Morris water maze acquisition test, there were significant interactions among the groups with the time(p<.001). The time to find the circular platform in Group III was more shortened than in Group I, II on the 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th day. For Morris water maze retention test, there were significant differences among the groups(p<.001). The time to dwell on quadrant circular platform in Group III on the 13th day was the longest compared with other groups. And as the result of observing the immunohistochemistric response of BDNF in the hippocampus CA1, the response of immunoreactive positive in Group III on the 7th day increased more than that of Group I, II. These results suggested that the memory and learning training in rats with brain injury has a more significant impact on restoring cognitive function via the changes of neurotropic factor expression and synaptic neuroplasticity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.337-346
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• 1992

Hydroacoustic surveys were conducted in the East China Sea, in the summers of 1990-1991 to investigate the distribution and migration behavior of fish, such as the diel changes in the distributions of fish, the thermoselection behavior of fish, and the fish reactions to a surveying vessel. The hydroacoustic observations were taken with a scientific echo sounder operating at 50kHz and a microcomputer-based echo processor. Fish samples were collected by bottom trawling and temperature was measured with a DBT system. The patterns of fish distributions were compared with the vertical profiles of water temperature. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. The time series of hydroacoustic observations on the downward migration at dawn in the central region of East China Sea showed that the migration rate was 0.24 m/min. In this region, most of the fish collected by bottom trawling during the surveys were squid (Photologio edulis f. budo) and horse mackeral (Trachurus japonicus). 2. The hydroacoustic observations, which together associated with temperature data, indicated that squid and horse mackeral concentrated nocturally in a narrow vertical band of thermocline, particularly in summer when the survey region was strongly stratified. This result suggest that the nocturnal vertical distribution of these species evidently is controlled by temperature. 3. When the survey vessel, that is running at a speed of 11 knots, has suddenly stopped, the fish which concentrated beneath the transducer showed a strong avoidance reaction in the form of rapid downward migration. After a few minutes, the descending reaction disappeared and the fish slowly began the upward migration toward their original swimming positions. Trawl data suggest that the fish, which showed the avoidance reaction, was Liparis tessellatus.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.341-347
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• 1987

The behavior of conger eel, Astroconger myriaster (Brevoort), to the bamboo and plastic pots with baits was investigated alternately in two experimental water tanks. One of the pots being dropped on the tank bottom, the eels touched it to obtain the bait probably by their sense of smell, and increased rapidly in the number of touch to show a maximum within 30 minutes. But the touch was made mainly to the pot wall at which the bait was located and quite accidentally to the pot mouth. The eels touched the pot mouth retreated frequently without attempting to enter the pot and their entering was very hampered by the bamboo funnel constituting the pot mouth. However, a entering, if made, encouraged other touches and the touches ascribed other enterings. But, if 30 minutes elapsed, the number of touch decreased gradually and so the enterings were little made. The ability of pots attracting the eels into them was varied with their inclination to the tank bottom and the bait position in them. That is, the pot which was laid horizontally showed high ability of attracting in case in which the bait was fixed in the vicinity of its mouth. The pot, inclined by $30^{\circ}$ by lifting its tail and had a bait left free, showed almost equal ability to the horizontal pot with a bait in the vicinity of mouth. But the pot, inclined by $30^{\circ}$ by lifting its mouth and had a bait left free, showed a very low attracting. A comparison between the bamboo and plastic pots gave only that the entering of the eels became later several minutes in the latter.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.238-244
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• 1990

The behavior of conger eel, Astroconger myriaste(Brevoort), to the net pots with baits was investigated alternately in two experimental water tanks. One of the pots being dropped on the tank bottom, the eels increased rapidly in number of touching the pot to show a maximum whithin 30 minutes and then decreased gradually. The enterings of eels into the pots were also made mainly within 30 minutes and easier in pots with lower entrances. But the complete enterings were decided by the passage of eel tails through the pot entrances and so the eels retreated frequently after attemping to enter the pots, especially in pots small in the interval between the entrances and the baits or in pots with flappers. However, most of enterings encouraged the touches and earlier enterings ascribed earlier production of maximum touch. The eels, if entered the pots without flappers, got out of the pots relatively easily and the getting-out was easier in pots with lower entrances. On the other hand, the eels entered the pot with flappers could not get out of the pots. A comparison between the circular and square pots gave that the guidance of eels to the entrances was easier in the former and the passing of eels through the entrances in the latter, not only at the inside of pots but also at the outside. The general behavior of eels in touching or entering the net pots in the above results was almost equal to that on the bamboo and plastic pots in the previous paper.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2002

Biological control of thrips with a predatory bug species, Orius sauteri Poppius, was evaluated in an eggplant greenhouse, To study the biological control strategy of thrips. three Plots were established: Orius sauteri released plot without pesticide treatment (NRT), pesticide treated plot (PAT), and natural enemy removed plot (RNT) The nymphs of O. sauteri were found on the upper side of leaves in NRT at 21 days after the first release of O. sauteri. The density of thrips were dropped and maintained at lower level in NRT than in RNT. Average damage index of NRT, PAT and RNT was 1.35, 1.21 and 2.90 and the percentage of damaged fruit ratio of those was 70.3, 68.6 and 99.0%, respectively. The damage index and percentage of damaged fruit in NRT were slightly higher than those of PAT, but much lower than in RNT. Taylor's band Iwao's $\beta$ were greater than 1 for both populations. indicating aggregated distribution. Spatial coincidence index of O. sauteri was high most of the time even at low densities of both populations. The refuge index for thrips decreased as O. sauteri density increased. Results of this study suggest that O. sauteri is a promising natural enemy for thrips control on eggplant.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.259-284
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• 2022

In order to help the understanding of web novel users, this study was intended to quantitatively verify the user's behavioral types according to the characteristics of web novels. For this purpose, the direction of the study proceeded as follows. First, the motives of web novel users were investigated by referring to the motives of other digital content users. In addition, specific behavioral types of users were also collected. As a result, the motivation for using web novels was found to be 'interpersonal relationships and information acquisition with others', 'leisure activities', and 'escape from reality/relieve tension'. After that, the groups were classified as to whether there was a difference between groups according to the motives of use. As a result, the 'hobbies' type, a group with a particularly high motivation for using leisure activities, the 'stress relief' type, a group with very high escapism and tension relief characteristics, and a group with high interpersonal relationships and information acquisition with others The 'communication' type was classified as a 'multipurpose' type with high overall motivation characteristics. Then, in order to find out the specific characteristics between the types, personas were constructed based on the different behavior type data. Through this, the theoretical contribution of this study is meaningful in that it revealed the motives of web novel users. As a practical contribution, the persona was formed by combining the users' motives and behavioral patterns and visualized to be close to the actual representative users. These results are expected to help improve the web novel service by providing useful indicators for actual writers, platform managers, and users.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.35-42
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of workplace bullying among new nurses in general hospital. Method: Participants were 7 new nurses in 3 hospitals located S city Korea. The data were collected through in depth interviews with open ended questions from September to December. The collected data were analyzed using phenomenological analysis method. Results: The experience of workplce bullying among new nurses was verified into theree themes and 9 categories. Conclusion: Preventing workplace bullying which is aimed at new nurses is essential as a challenging issue. This study is significant in that it can be used as primary data when developing effective strategies and intervention programs to improve the nursing environment in the future.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.350-357
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• 1991

An experimental approach was applied to test the effects of stranded oils and dispersant cleanup on marine gastropods, Nodilittorina exigua, littorina brevicula and Purpura clavigera. They were exposed to Labuan crude, Dubai crude and Bunker C fuel oil. Direct oil contact caused death of gastropods within 96 hours. N. exigua and L. brevicula were more sensitive than P. clavigera at the exposure of Bunker C fuel oil. Toxic effects of Bunker C oil was slower than crude oils. direct contact to concentrated dispersant killed gastropods, while clean-up with diluted dispersant still gave severe damage. P. clavigera could escape from dispersed crude oil below 250 ppm. Oiling and dispersant clean-up may have severe effects on marine gastropods by rendering them washed out to sea.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.67-82
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• 2020

This study looked at the influence of MMORPG's motivation on interpersonal competence through MMORPG's social usage. For this, 496 surveys were retrieved. As a result, the social usage of MMORPG was completely mediated in the relationship between motivation and interpersonal competence. The social usage of MMORPG has a positive full mediation effect on the relationship between the social relationships motivation and the interpersonal competence. And Immersion/Escapism motivation, the social usage of MMORPG has reduced the negative effect on the interpersonal competence.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.56-60
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• 2003

We present MR diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings of status epilepticus in two patients. DWI showed a focal or diffuse hyperintensity with decreased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value, indicating cytotoxic edema in th e cerebral hemispheric cortices. The hyperintensities were located in the bilateral temporoparietooccipital areas and insular cortex in one patient, and unilaterally in the temporal lobe in the other patient.