• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.59-72
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• 2017

Recently, urban environments are changing due to climate change and urbanization. Because of these, Urban disasters occur frequently. To solve this situation, the architects and urban planners have been presenting urban disaster prevention design, and the concepts of resilience are utilized in urban disaster prevention design. In this study, we analyzed the cases of urban disaster prevention design presented by architects and urban planners, and grasped the types and resilience characteristics of urban disaster prevention design. Further, the direction of urban disaster prevention design was proposed in the point of sustainability.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.44-58
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• 2018

Cities face new challenges not only in natural disasters by climate change but also in social and economic fluctuations. With the existing simple reconstruction method, it is difficult to solve the overall problems that a city or region may face. As a new approach to cope with various changes, the concept of resilience is emerging. Resilience is also one of the themes of recent major urban design projects. Design with the concept of resilience is a new strategy that can deal with various changes of urban space, rather than a temporary trend. The purpose of this paper is to explore the design method by analyzing cases where the concept of resilience is employed. We aim to examine what kind of design strategies are needed for the resilience design and how this design process differ in character, as compared to general design projects. Cases for this study include the "Rebuild by Design" competition held in 2013 and the "Resilient by Design/Bay Area Challenge" competition held in 2017. This paper consists of literature reviews and case studies. The latter is divided into two aspects: content analysis based on the theory of resilience and characteristics of the design process. Cases are analyzed through literature reviews and process characteristics of resilience design in response to the general design process. The main categories for urban resilience used as the framework for analysis include: Urban Infrastructure, Social Dynamics, Economic Dynamics, Health and Wellbeing, Governance Networks, and Planning and Institutions. As a result, the aspects of resilience concepts considered and design strategies undertaken by each team were identified. Each team tried to connect all 6 categories to their design strategies, placing special value on the role of governance, a system that enables collaborative design and project persistency. In terms of the design process, the following characteristics were found: planning the whole project process in the pre-project phase, analyzing predictable socioeconomic risk factors in addition to physical vulnerabilities, aiming for landscape-oriented integrated design, and sustainable implementation strategies with specific operations and budget plans. This paper is meaningful to connect the concept of resilience, which has been discussed in various articles, to design strategy, and to explore the possibility of constructing a practical methodology by deriving the characteristics of the resilience design process. It remains a future task to research design strategies that apply the concept of resilience to various types of urban spaces, in addition to areas that are vulnerable to disasters.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.352-359
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aims to suggest new strategy of planning water management and land use in response to abnormal weather which allow waterfront to be the cities through the experience of Netherlands resilient project. Method: A planning direction is developed based on Dutch national resilient policy and strategy as well as resilient theory of technical and social aspects, focusing on a new waterfront development that responds to abnormal weather. Results: The water control strategy, for flexibly responding to the sea level rise and flooding caused by the climate change through the experience of Dutch resilience, is as follows: 1)Customized prevention plan according to the local property 2)Creating spatial planning by considering disaster risk level and fragility 3)Establishing urban planning by considering the flood risk level. Conclusion: A new urban development method, particularly a resilience strategy based on the waterfront space where is most vulnerable to climate change, is required to cope with the abnormal climate beyond the conventional planning.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.562-571
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to provide a direction for restructuring resilient waterfront spaces, emphasizing the severity of water-related disasters and the significance of developing responsive urban strategies. Method: To achieve this objective, the study analyzes overseas planning and design cases based on the theoretical framework of urban resilience. The goal is to identify physical and social systemic design elements that can be applied to waterfront space planning and design of Korea. Result: The proposals from the Resilient by Design Callenge included strategies for enhancing social systems and promoting sustainability in a more systematic manner. Additionally, various physical design strategies and technologies were identified in the Sponge City projects, which aim to create a flexible urban waterfront space. Conclusion: When planning and designing Korean waterfront spaces to effectively respond to disasters, several elements should be considered, such as enhancing educational functions, expanding local resident participation, establishing a governance system, developing systematic sustainable plans, adopting ecological approaches, and implementing various low-impact development techniques.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.77-77
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• 2016

최근 기후변화로 인한 수문기상학적인 극한 사상들은 점점 대형화되고 있고, 그 발생빈도 또한 잦아지고 있다. 인구의 증가와 급격한 도시화, 자산 가치의 증가 등으로 물과 관련된 재해로 인한 피해는 점점 더 규모가 커지고 있다. 홍수와 가뭄, 허리케인, 쓰나미와 같이 물과 관련된 재해는 그 영향을 받는 사람들의 수로 본다면 지구상의 재해 중 90%를 차지하고 있을 만큼 그 규모가 크다 할 수 있으며, 전세계적으로 물관련 재해로 인한 재산상의 피해를 약 1,000억 달러 규모로 추산하고 있는데, 2030년에는 그 현재의 두 배가 될 것으로 예측하고 있다. 이와 같은 재해로 인한 피해는 개도국이나 최빈국뿐만 아니라 관련 인프라가 잘 구축되어 있는 선진국 또한 예외는 아니다. 2015년 9월 UN 세계지속가능 정상 회의에서 각국의 수반들 또한 17개의 "지속가능개발목표(Sustainable Development Goals; SDGs)"를 채택함으로서 post-2015 아젠다가 세계를 지속가능하고 균형 있게 바꾸어 나가기 위해서 취해야 하는 가장 시급하고 필요한 과감한 혁신적인 조치임을 인식하였다. 재해경감과 지속가능개발은 2005년 채택된 "효고프레임웍(Hyogo Framework for Action) 2005-2015"에서 도 중요하게 다루어 졌다. 2015년 3월 제3차 세계재해경감대회에서 채택된 "센다이 프레임웍(Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction) 2015-2030"은 Post-2015 개발의제의 첫 번째 합의 결의안이라 할 수 있으며, 인명피해의 실질적인 감소와 재해에 의한 영향으로 피해 보는 사람들의 수를 줄이고, 경제적 손실과 대형 인프라 피해의 경감을 주요 타겟으로 하고 있다. 이와 같은 리질리언스의 중요성은 SDGs의 Goal 11인 "안전하고 지속가능한 도시와 정주지 조성(Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable)"에서 강조되고 있을 뿐만 아니라 다양한 골에서 재해로 부터의 리질리언스 확보에 대한 필요성을 강조하고 있다. 재해 위험을 경감시키기 위해서 국제적으로, 지역적으로 또는 국경을 넘어서는 협력 관계의 구축이 중앙정부나 지방정부를 비롯한 국가적으로 절대적으로 필요한 노력이라 할 수 있다. 특히나, Post-2015 개발 아젠다에 대한 기후변화와 재해경감을 위한 금융지원을 포함한 최빈국, 개도국, 군소 도서국가들과 중견국 선진국들의 양자간이나 다자간 협력 채널을 통한 역량 강화가 필요하다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.15-27
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• 2022

Climate change is considered a severe global problem closely related to carbon storage. However, recent urbanization and land-use changes reduce carbon stocks in terrestrial ecosystems. Recently, the role of protected areas has been emphasized as a countermeasure to the climate change, and protected areas allow the area to continue to serve as a carbon sink due to legal restrictions. This study attempted to expand the scope of these protected areas to an evaluation-based environmental spatial information theme map. In this study, the area of each grade was compared, and the distribution of land cover for each grade was analyzed using the Ecological and Nature Map, Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map and Urban Ecological Map of Sejong Special Self-Governing City. Based on this, the average carbon storage for each grade was derived using the InVEST Carbon model. As a result of the analysis, the high-grade area of the environmental spatial information generally showed a wide area of the natural area represented by the forest area, and accordingly, the carbon storage amount was evaluated to be high. However, there are differences in the purpose of production, evaluation items, and evaluation methods between each environmental spatial information, there are differences in area, land cover, and carbon storage. Through this study, environmental spatial information based on the evaluation map can be used for land use management in the carbon aspect, and it is expected that a management plan for each grade suitable for the characteristics of each environmental spatial information is required.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.32-41
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• 2019

As population in Sarasota and Manatee Counties, Florida in the United States is projected to increase, land use changes from land development happen continuously. The more land development means the more impervious surfaces and stormwater runoff to Sarasota Bay, which causes critical impact on the resiliency of the ecosystem. In order to decrease its impact on water quality and the ecosystem function of Sarasota Bay, it is important to assess the resilient status of communities that create negative impacts on the ecosystem. Three types of guiding principles of resiliency for Sarasota Bay watershed are suggested. To assess resiliency status, three indexes - vulnerability index, socio-economic index, and ecological index are developed and analyzed by using geographic information system for each census tract in the two counties. Since each indicator for vulnerability index, socio-economic index, and ecological index is measured with different metrics, statistical standardizing method - distance from the best and worst performers is used for this study to directly compare and combine them all to show total resilience score for each census tract. Also, the ten most and the ten least scores for the total resilience index scores are spatially distributed for better understanding which census tracts are most or least resilient. As Sarasota Watershed boundary is also overlaid, it is easy to understand how each census tract attains its resilience and how each census tract impacts to Sarasota Bay ecosystem. Based on results of the resiliency assessment several recommendations, guidelines, or policies for attaining or enhancing resiliency are suggested.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.16-26
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• 2019

Wetlands that provide diverse ecosystem services, such as habitat provision and hydrological control of flora and fauna, constitute ecosystems through interaction between wetlands existing in a wetlandscape. Therefore, to evaluate the wetland functions such as resilience, it is necessary to analyze the ecological connectivity that is formed between wetlands which also show hydrologically dynamic behaviors. In this study, by defining wetlands as ecological nodes, we generated ecological networks through the connection of wetlands according to the dispersal model of wetland species. The characteristics of these networks were then analyzed using various network metrics. In the case of the dispersal based on a threshold distance, while a high local clustering is observed compared to the exponential dispersal kernel and heavy-tailed dispersal model, it showed a low efficiency in the movement between wetlands. On the other hand, in the case of the stochastic dispersion model, a low local clustering with high efficiency in the movement was observed. Our results confirmed that the ecological network characteristics are completely different depending on which dispersal model is chosen, and one should be careful on selecting the appropriate model for identifying network properties which highly affect the interpretation of network structure and function.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.79-96
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• 2021

Green infrastructure planning represents landscape planning measures to reduce particulate matter. This study aimed to derive factors that may be used in planning green infrastructure for particulate matter reduction using text mining techniques. A range of analyses were carried out by focusing on keywords such as 'particulate matter reduction plan' and 'green infrastructure planning elements'. The analyses included Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) analysis, centrality analysis, related word analysis, and topic modeling analysis. These analyses were carried out via text mining by collecting information on previous related research, policy reports, and laws. Initially, TF-IDF analysis results were used to classify major keywords relating to particulate matter and green infrastructure into three groups: (1) environmental issues (e.g., particulate matter, environment, carbon, and atmosphere), target spaces (e.g., urban, park, and local green space), and application methods (e.g., analysis, planning, evaluation, development, ecological aspect, policy management, technology, and resilience). Second, the centrality analysis results were found to be similar to those of TF-IDF; it was confirmed that the central connectors to the major keywords were 'Green New Deal' and 'Vacant land'. The results from the analysis of related words verified that planning green infrastructure for particulate matter reduction required planning forests and ventilation corridors. Additionally, moisture must be considered for microclimate control. It was also confirmed that utilizing vacant space, establishing mixed forests, introducing particulate matter reduction technology, and understanding the system may be important for the effective planning of green infrastructure. Topic analysis was used to classify the planning elements of green infrastructure based on ecological, technological, and social functions. The planning elements of ecological function were classified into morphological (e.g., urban forest, green space, wall greening) and functional aspects (e.g., climate control, carbon storage and absorption, provision of habitats, and biodiversity for wildlife). The planning elements of technical function were classified into various themes, including the disaster prevention functions of green infrastructure, buffer effects, stormwater management, water purification, and energy reduction. The planning elements of the social function were classified into themes such as community function, improving the health of users, and scenery improvement. These results suggest that green infrastructure planning for particulate matter reduction requires approaches related to key concepts, such as resilience and sustainability. In particular, there is a need to apply green infrastructure planning elements in order to reduce exposure to particulate matter.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.6-14
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• 2017

The opportunity provided for design method and strategy of sustainable campus on the waterfront, is the purpose of this paper. Waterfront campus is an important issue as it seeks to revive the sustainability and to renew the facilities. This paper reviews an assessment of its success for waterfront campus in 10 principles such as waterfront, water and safety, climate & energy, green building and transportation, green labs and recycling, health and food, social economic sustainability, fund, human, smart, also concludes with the establishment of space making for the waterfront campus for future educational facilities on the waterfront; implementation of waterfront campus maserplan; building sustainable campus in adaptation to climate change; creative and resilient cooperation.