• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.69-80
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyse current marketing practices and marketing efficiency using operational efficiency. Through field survey on marketing situations and channels, we found that major marketing channels of paprika were classified into six types : channels in exporting market included (1) producer's organization leading channel (type I), (2) regional cooperative leading channel (type II), (3) individual producer leading channel (type III), and channels in domestic market included (4) wholesale markets targeting channel (type IV), (5) distribution agents targeting channel (type V), (6) cooperative system selling channel (type VI). According to the estimated result of operational efficiency of marketing channels, marketing efficiency of type III and IV was relatively higher than type I,II and type V, VI respectively.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.37-60
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• 2001

The record industry, which consists of the cultural industries, has been deeply interrelated with the innovations of the science and the technologies. In Korea, the record industry has been developed dramatically since the late 1980s, and thus it has formed a huge business, and has also brought a lot of accompanying economical effects. The record industry is constituted with four circulation steps such as producing, manufacturing, wholesaling and retailing, which follow the different locational orients, respectively. The purpose oi this study is to investigate the locational characteristics of each step. Because of the shortage of the data, this study based on the direct data from field studies, interviews, and surveys, as well as the existing document data. The results of this research are summarized as following: the record industry shows strong concentrations in Seoul and the surrounding areas. It also shows the spatial linkage with other industries that are necessary for the production, advertisement, and sales of records. The locations of the record producers are affected by the location of broadcasting stations. Therefore, they are concentrate in Kangnam and Yeouido, where many broadcasting stations are located.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.123-140
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• 2011

This study analyzed large distributors' trade features with local suppliers and their direct purchase features through the survey and the interview targeting some MDs(Merchandisers) in large retailers responsible for buying fresh foods (agricultural, fishery, livestock and proceeded products). As the result of conducting the survey targeting the large purchase MDs, it was found that when they select local suppliers, they importantly consider the factors of stable products supply, the quality management, the aggressive management attitude, the affordable (cheap) price, and the suggestion of differentiated goods in order. Concerning their direct purchases in local places, their preference toward the direct-purchase traders were higher than that toward vendors and whole markets as their existing major traders. Among the traders for direct purchase, they preferred farm corporations (including agricultural corporations) the most, and followed the National Agricultural Cooperative, and the unit agricultural cooperative in order. Regarding to the trades with suppliers, when they set the trade price, the merchandisers (MDs) of large distributors preferred long-term trades over 2 years, and utilized the factors of market rate(50.9%), production cost(31.2%) and sale price in the same industry(18.0%). For the local distribution organizations to aggressively counteract the changes of distribution environment in the consumption places, it needs some strategies to organize the agricultural production, to expand the production size and to specialize the distribution channels. And the supply system's continuality and stability are required, so it needs to establish the counteract system enabling to supply all year round through the link of production organizations. Additionally, as an effort to intensify the market negotiation ability, it should collect various market information from the consumption places.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.79-99
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• 2016

Supply network of automobile part is addressed with the e-invoices generated at real time. Automobile is composed of 8 modules. Firms which produce these modules are defined as the first outsourcing firm. Brake is the part of power control module and so, brake manufacturing firm is called the second outsourcing firm. In this paper, the third supply networks of brake manufacturing firms is analyzed with e-invoices and social network method. At the node-level, the third outsourcing firms are classified into 3 categories, interator, allocator and hub with respect to their role at the ego-network of each brake manufacturing firm. At the network level, A2, one of 3 brake manufacturing firms have more outsourcing firms and bigger centrality than the other brake manufacturing firms. Intre-firms trade patterns are, also, analyzed by using the degree of trade dedication with respect to the modes of business. It is shown that trade pattern of retail, commodity brokerage firm, rubber and plastic manufacturing firm are hierarchical trade because their degree of trade dedication is almost near to 1.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.209-217
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• 2015

Development of food industry and increased city life induced enlarged generation of food waste which is currently reused in a wide range of way. In this study, treatment of food waste generated from the public agricultural product wholesale markets (they are categorized as business places which imposes the duty for reducing the food waste discarded) in Korea was investigated, and subsequently, a scheme for improving the food waste recycling business was suggested. The food waste treatment plants are mainly located in Kyeongki-do at 39.5% of total plants in Korea and the other provinces have less than 10% of the total numbers, among which public treatment plant was 38.0% and private plant was 62.0%. The treatment methods included recycling as animal feed at 47.5%, as compost at 36.4%, and the rest of food waste (12.6%) was treated in other ways. Remarkably, it was noticed that the amount of food waste treated in anaerobic digestion have been increased up to 5.4% since 2011. This implied that food waste treated in anaerobic digestion method is gradually increased according to government policy. Amongst 33 public agricultural product wholesale markets distributed all over the country, the trading volume dealt in Garakdong market in Seoul, Gangseo market in Seoul, Daegu market in Daeju, Eomgung market in Busan, Guri market in Guri accounted for 34.67, 7.47, 6.98, 5.41, and 5.30% of the total trading volume in Korea, respectively. 2.65% of the total trading agricultural products dealt in the markets were remained as food waste and treated. In 2006, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs implemented the package policy for radish and Chinese cabbage in order to reduce the amount of food waste and indeed, food waste generated in Garakdong market declined to one third of the food waste before the package policy implementation. In 2010, the food waste amount treated by 'dehydration', 'discarding as raw materials', and 'drying after dehydration' accounted for 56.3%, 33.7%, and 10.0% of the total food waste generated in the public agricultural product wholesale market. However, in 2013, discarding as raw materials accounted for the most at 56.3% followed by dehydration at 37.5%, and by drying after dehydration at 6.3%. The remarkable increment of the food waste discarded as raw materials was attributed to the increase of them in Garakdong market in Seoul. In general, the agricultural food waste contains high amount of moisture at 88% in average and low amount of salt at 0.02% in average. Therefore, it is highly recommended to treat the agricultural food waste through drying after dehydration in order for improving the treatment capability. Also, this recommendation can be supported by the fact that the end-products via drying after dehydration can be utilized as compost material. Overall, the agricultural food waste recycling business can be developed through integration of the treatment via 'drying after dehydration' and compost production.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.18-34
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• 2020

This study aims to investigate Dongdaemun fashion industry once thrived in Seoul, now in a rapid decline. For this purpose, three research themes are put forward. That is, to fix the boundary of Dongdaemun fashion industry, to analyze the characteristics of its value chain, production network and industrial agglomeration, and to search for the cause of its decline and to suggest political solutions against it. The following is the findings of this study. Firstly, Dongdaemun fashion industry has spreaded out over the last six decades and now its boundary can be marked within a radius of 10 kilometers of Dongdaemun Market in northeastern Seoul. Secondly, Dongdaemun fashion industry has a buyer-driven chain and star production network, and therefore can be assumed that it is spatially segmented industrial agglomeration. Lastly, its rapid decline is directly from the shrink of market demand on Dondaemun fashion, and inherently in the topological structure of its star production network. Thus the feasible political solutions can be found in that direction. Consequently, these results have academic implications for clearing up some previous studies' misunderstandings and getting over one of the long-criticized research biases that pervades in industrial agglomeration theory, primarily focusing on the successful regions.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.336-344
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• 2010

Considering the increasing trends of the consumption of livestock products in Korea, proper hygienic management and policies for ensuring their safety to protect public health and strengthen consumer confidence are demanded. It is particularly important to manage the livestock distribution processes to provide safe meat and meat products. This study was conducted to examine factors related to the hygiene management of livestock products and to check out the condition of hygienic management in meat markets. To accomplish this, 156 meat markets divided into HACCP-certified and non certified and evaluated for five factors, which received the following scores: facility and equipment management (1.00/2.0 points, 50.0%), storage and transport management (1.93/2.0 points, 96.5%), work place management (0.76/2.0 points, 38.0%), personal hygiene management (0.75/2.0 points, 37.5%), and inspection management (0.22/2.0 points, 11.0%). The results revealed that the scores of HACCP-certified meat markets were significantly higher than those of the non certified markets (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). These findings suggest that meat markets that are not HACCP-certified must improve hygienic management conditions and educate their employees to improve the safety of livestock products during distribution.

• Proceedings of the Korean DIstribution Association Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.71-92
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• 2003

Specialty stores, which have been major channels of Korean cosmetic industry, are bringing out a lot of problems in current distribution channel systems because of its repeated depression of sales. Especially, inefficiency in distribution channel systems is caused by cannibalistic price-off competition between specialty stores, too many launchings of new products, excessive sales promotion, absence or surplus of stock, and so on. Using qualitative methods such as in-depth interview and group discussion, the authors attempt In diagnose fundamental problems of the cosmetic specialty store distribution channels in three viewpoints； achievement of goals, marketing flows in channels, and relationship management. In addition, this paper suggests core strategies for building up the competitiveness of both of the maker and the retailer, The competitive strategies are mainly about securing profitability of retailers, smoothening of marketing flows in channels, and building-up trustful relationships between distribution channel members.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.3-3
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• 2011

국내 주요 인삼재배 산지 기반을 가진 전북 진안지역의 인삼 홍삼산업은, 재배농가 895호, 재배면적 402ha, 생산량 1,628톤, 홍삼가공업체 80개소, 판매업소 50개소로 지역경제의 25% 이상을 차지한다. 그러나 재배농가의 계열화 미흡(22%), 산지수집상(포전매매)에 의한 인근 유사 도매시장으로 재배물량과 부가가치 유출(78%), 가공시설의 노후화, 가공업체의 영세성(매출규모 연평균 2억11백만원)과 함께 중국, 캐나다, 미국 등의 국제 가격경쟁과 국내의 대기업 및 인삼산업 주요지역과의 경쟁이라는 상황에 직면하고 있다. 이러한 상황을 극복하고 지역특화명품산업으로 발전할 수 있는 방안으로, 인삼재배산지로서 원료공급지를 기반으로 하는 재배, 유통, 가공, 품질관리, 시설분야에 이르는 발전방안을 연구하였다. 산업원료 확보를 위해서는 인삼계열화 확대를 통해 원물 확보력을 강화하여야 한다. 재배분야의 경우에는 친환경재배 확대와 GAP 확대를 통해 원물의 품질경쟁력 뿐만 아니라 시장수요에 따른 브랜드마케팅 요인으로 특성화해야 한다. 유통분야는 계열화 확대를 통한 원물확보라는 산업경쟁력을 바탕으로 원료중심의 수취, 매취, 보관, 가공, 대형거래, 도소매 등 유통활성화와 유통규격포장 및 선별등급표준화를 통한 유통표준화를 추진하여야 한다. 가공의 경우, 원료홍삼 공급기능을 중심으로 가공산업을 선택 육성해야한다. 품질관리는 원물중심관리(성분, 잔류농약, 식품위생), 유통중심관리(연근, 등급), 경작중심관리(재배지, 재배자, 경작), 프로세스중심관리(재배 유통 가공 판매정보)로 구체화해야한다. 시설분야는 유통시설(대규모 집하시설, 보관시설 등 종합유통처리시설)과 가공시설(가공설비현대화, 가공공장 공인규격화;ISO, GMP, HACCP)의 지속적인 시설개선과 현대화를 추진하여야 한다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.180-189
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• 2006

This survey was done to investigate the pesticide residues on agricultural products on the markets in Incheon area from 2003 to 2005. A total of 10,431 samples was analyzed the residues by GC. The violation rates of the samples over maximum residue limits (MRLs) of pesticide residues established by Korean Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) in the survey of 2003, 2004 and 2005 were 1.3%, 0.9%, and 1.2%, respectively. The rate from the samples of 2005 surveyed in general wholesale markets was 3.1%, whereas that from agricultural wholesale market was 0.93%. Of the total violated samples, more than 70% of the rates were recorded from the samples of Gyeonggi-do and Incheon area in 2003 and 2004. However, the rates from Gyeonggi-do and Incheon in 2005 were remarkably reduced to 25.6% and 23.3%, respectively. Most commonly encountered agricultural commodity over MRLs was crown daisy. Positively detected pesticides were 12, 17 and 32 in the survey of 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. The pesticides detected yearly over MRLs during three years were chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, endosulfan, procymidone. Decreasing tendency in detected and violated rates of the residues was observed in chlorpyrifos and diazinon, while increasing tendency in detected rates was recorded in chlorothalonil, endosulfan, procymidone.