• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.279-294
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• 2011

The purposes of this study are to confirm the standard of ethical judgement ability of the mathematically gifted students and examine which factor makes on the ethical judgement ability among the mathematically behavior characteristics. For it, correlation analysis and regression analysis between the two things were conducted with SPSS 12.0 based on the results of mathematically behavior characteristic inspection and ethical judgement ability inspection. Also, the interview was conducted for students whose KDIT score is the highest and the results were intended to apply the results as the material supporting the results of qualitative test results. The interview with students examined which mathematically behavior characteristic factor made an effect on his own ethical judgement ability through the structural questionnaires.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.169-203
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• 2022

As artificial intelligence (AI) technology advances, the number of cases in which AI becomes an object or subject of moral judgment is increasing, and this trend is expected to accelerate. Although the area of AI in human society expands, relatively few studies have been conducted on how people perceive and respond to AI. Three studies examined the effect of the anthropomorphism of AI on its responsibility. We predicted that anthropomorphism would increase the responsibility perception, and perceived agency and perceived patiency for AI would mediate this effect. Although the manipulation was not effective, multiple analyses confirmed the indirect effect of perceived patiency. In contrast, the effect of perceived agency of AI was somewhat mixed, which makes the hypothesis partially supported by the overall result. This result shows that for the moral status of artificial agents, perceived patiency is relatively more critical than perceived agency. These results support the organic perspective on the moral status that argues the importance of patiency, and show that patiency is more important than agency in the anthropomorphism related study of AI and robots.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.64
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• pp.145-171
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• 2020

Christian communities have long sought to find what type of moral judgment is appropriate and what the Christian behavior is, by taking the church's ethical norms and behavior patterns as objects of reflection. In the same context, Christian education also tried to base the psychological rationalism of J. Piaget and L. Kohlberg, but the reason-centered structural development theory was not the answer. In fact, the structural development theory, which emphasized autonomy while excluding emotions from the moral judgment process, over-emphasizing cognition or reason, eventually led to moral relativism, unlike what was intended. In addition, it was criticized for not being able to adequately elucidate the gap between human moral reasoning and behavior, and for attempting to interpret morality excessively within the context of social culture. Recently, these limitations of structural developmental theory have been reinterpreted by neuroethics, especially moral psychology theories, which claim that moral judgment ability is physically wired in the brain and relies heavily on networks between cortical and limbic system. The purpose of this paper is to review some of the newly emerged research themes of neuroethics, and then to discuss two main theories that explain morality in the perspective of neuroethics and the implications that Christian education should pay attention to.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.109-130
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• 1994

이 논문에서는 3대 투자신탁회사의 주식형 펀드의 투자성과를 측정하고자 하는 데 목적이 있다. 추가적으로 자산운용의 실무적 현실을 고려하여 각 펀드의 속성(주식편입비율 한도, 대상투자자, 운용회사)의 차이가 투자성과와 어떤 관련을 갖고 있는가를 분석함으로써 투자신탁에 내재하는 도덕적 위해의 문제를 노출시켜 보고자 한다. 이 논문에서는 우리나라 3대 투신사의 29개 주식형 펀드에 대한 1984. 2분기${\sim}$1993. 1분기의 분기수익률 자료를 사용하여 시장예측능력과 포트폴리오 선택 능력을 측정하였다. 시장예측능력의 척도로서 Henriksson & Merton(1981)이 제시한 척도를 사용하였으며, 선택 능력의 척도로서 Treynor & Black(1973)의 평가비율과 Fama(1972)의 순선택능력 을 사용하였다. 그 결과 자산운용을 담당하는 투신사와 주식편입비율 한도에 관계없이 주식형 펀드들의 시장예측능력과 선택능력 모두가 음의 값을 보이 고 있다. 예외적으로 외국인전용 펀드의 투자성과는 내국인을 대상으로 하는 투자신탁에 비하여 다소 우수한 성과를 보이고 있다. 표본으로 사용한 5개 외국인전용 펀드는 다른 펀드와 마찬가지로 음의 시장예측능력을 보여주고 있으나, 평가비율은 다른 포트폴리오들과는 달리 양의 값을 갖고 있고, 이들의 순선택능력은 음의 값을 보이긴 하지만 다른 포트폴리오보다 그 절대 값이 보다 작다. 이러한 결과는 외국인전용 펀드의 포트폴리오선택능력이 보다 우수하였다는 것을 의미한다. 외국인전용펀드가 보다 나은 선택능력을 보여준 이유는 이들이 투자자문위원회라는 감시 장치를 갖고 있기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 환언하면 국내투자자용 펀드의 열등한 투자성과는 감시장치가 없는 데 따른 일종의 도덕적(道德的) 위해(危害)로 해석된다.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.27
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• pp.387-415
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• 2009

The crisis of moral-ethical school subject is related to the scientific identity of moral education in Korean society. Because it's identity hasn't been established yet exactly. At past time 'National Ethics' included not only moral education, but also anti-Communist education and education of political ideology or propaganda. The scientific foundation of ethical education is on ethics, and it is a branch of philosophy. But to escape this fact, some scholars relating with ethical education claimed to need 'interdisciplinary approach' to ethical subject. As a result, they allowed other department to give their certificates. Futhermore it is at a crisis to be integrated into social subject. Philosophy as scientific origin of ethics has already not interdisciplinary character but the idea of integrated science. So there is no necessity for finding another scientific foundation. Now following the original goal of ethical education, they try to train the ability of moral judgement to solve various moral problems rationally, and to cultivate moral disposition that can practice the ideal and principles of life.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1-21
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• 2005

Many researches have argued the most important dimension of perception or evaluation of person is morality and competence in Korean culture. This study was to investigate the cultural characteristics of the criteria of personhood. Two studies were conducted to investigate the criteria used to evaluate person by qualitative approach and the differences of evaluation of wrongdoer who violates interpersonal norm or individual autonomy by experimental method. In addition, anger as emotional response to wrongdoer is conceptualized in terms of moral and self-conscious emotion. Expression of anger is less an outpouring of emotion and more a culturally regulated and normative mode of managing and putting into practice our society's system of rights and obligations - its moral code. According to results of qualitative data by interview and focus group interview, the most important criteria used to evaluate personhood was interpersonal concern, esp, expectation and norm. The results of experiment revealed that violation of interpersonal norm domain evoked angrier towards violator than autonomy domain. The subjects ascribed more blame and responsibility to interpersonal norm violator than autonomy keeper. Also function of behavior inhibition of anger was higher in interpersonal norm domain than autonomy domain.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• no.114
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• pp.305-335
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• 2016

In the eighteenth century, the scottish philosophers Francis Hutcheson, David Hume and Adam Smith share the idea that morality comes from moral sense, which is a feeling of approval or disapproval of agent's motive and action. However, they have the different views in explaining the mechanism that generates the moral sentiments. Hutcheson takes a moral sense to be a unique mental faculty that is innate to all humans, and regards it as being guaranteed by supernatural apparatus like divine Providence. Hume and Smith reject Hutcheson's concept of internal moral sense and take a stage further Hutcheson's projects of internalisation by naturalizing morality in terms of the principle of sympathy. It is widely held that Hume's moral sentimentalism is essentially similar to Adam Smith's. Though there are important points of contact between Smith's account of sympathy and Hume's, the differences are considerable. The chief of them lies in the fact that Hume grounds our approval of virtue on our recognition of its utility and convention, and Smith does not. Smith grounds our approval of virtue on the impartial spectator's judgment, i.e., conscience. Hence for Smith, the impartial spectator is the one that bridges the gap between particularity and universality and works the vehicle of practical reason. Given this, in this paper, first, I will clarify the difference between Hume's and Adam Smith's understandings of sympathy. Second, I will elucidate how they explain the process to produce the moral sentiments based on their understandings of sympathy. I shall finally explicate in what way Hume's and Smith's theories on sympathy work as moral normativity.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.32
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• pp.395-432
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is (i) to explore arguments of post-kohlbergian approach in moral psychology and; (ii) to analyze Blasi's and Lapsley's positions regarding the relationship between moral philosophy and psychology in terms of reflective reasoning and; (ⅲ) to suggest their's implication concerning the future development of moral identity theory. Moral identity theory has emerged as an alternative approach of the Kohlberg's moral development theory. Theorists of moral identity theory commonly criticize Kohlberg's theory as a philosophical psychology and insist the autonomy of moral psychology. However, one can find different positions within this trend, especially concerning he meaning and role of the reflection in moral functioning. Blasi emphasizes the importance of the reflective reasoning of moral agent, while Lapsley supports moral automacy contrary to Kohlberg's phenomenalism. Although Blasi had been negative about building moral psychology based on the moral philosophy, he has articulated the moral identity theory based on the concept of free will by Frankfurt. However, recently he criticizes intuitionist theory of Haidit and suggests the notion of the moral agent with the skill of reflective reasoning, or post-conventional thinking in Kohlberg's terms. Blasi's perspective of moral identity has two version. The one emphasizes the moral understanding which means strong evaluation, while the other refers to reasoning with weak evaluation. This leads to an inevitable inner contradiction within his theory of moral identity. Lapsley considers moral identity as a heuristic idea and suggests moral chronic as a new model of moral identity. This model is based on the social cognitive theory. His social cognitive model of moral personality provides the account for implicit, tacit, and automatic of moral functioning, while reflecting the core of moral identity. Lapsley suggests that moral function involves conscious and unconscious processes. The former occurs in normal situations of life, while the latter in rare and unusual situations. He does not highlight reasoning in moral functioning as Blasi do. In consequence, I will argue the notion of the moral agent with the skill of reflective reasoning, or post conventional thinking in Kohlberg's terms in the moral functioning like Gibbs and Turiel positions in the Journal of Moral Education' s 2008 special issue. Moral philosophy and psychology should be in complementary relations. It means we explore not only more interdisciplinary researches on the moral functioning, but also researches based on the moral philosophy.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.75-92
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• 1985

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the psychological/physical home environment, and children's moral judgement and moral behaviors. The subjects for this study were a normal group of 58 children and a delinquent group of 54 children. The normal children were selected from elementary and middle schools in Taegu city, and the delinquent children were from two juvenile prisons in the Taegu area. Children's moral judgement scores were measured by levels of moral judgement as conceptualized by Kohlberg. The major findings of this study were that: 1) There were significant differences between the normal and delinquent groups on democratic conduct, permissive attitude, degree of intimacy between parent and child, and materialism orientation. 2) There were significant differences between the normal and delinquent group on life or death of real parent, living with parents, separation, bereavement or divorce, mother's age, father's educational level, and father's occupational level. 3) There were significant differences between the normal and delinquent group on children's moral judgement scales. 4) Father's educational level was the best index for predicting psychological and physical home environment variables and differences between normal and delinquent children on level of moral judgement.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.63-69
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• 2001

In this paper, the educational effects of NETCLASS(network-based collaborative learning system) for EICE(education on information communication ethics) were verified by a non-equivalent control group protest-posttest design. We experimented our system on an experimental group (45 learners) and a comparative group (45 learners) respectively with a defining issues test (DIT). The t-value is 5.108 which shows the difference of the mean value between the experimental group and the comparative group, and their average p-mark shows that the difference is statistically meaningful at p<.001 level. Thus, the experiment using NETCLASS and DIT suggests that the morality of the experimental group is higher than that of the comparative group(t(88)=+5.108, p<.001). This paper suggests very strong possibility that the abilities such as creativity, sociality, morality and emotivity can be improved by utilizing ICT(Information and Communication Technology).