• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.34
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• pp.317-344
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• 2014

Perspectives on the basis of arts and cultural management, this study intends to suggest improvements in core curriculums that are required in order for South Korea, a country that has initiated into the animation industry through outsourcing from big-budget animation production countries such as America and Japan, to develop its own strong base in creative animation industry. The perspectives of arts management in this context means an integration nexus between human studies, social science and management, and suggestions are as follow: First, it is crucial to understand the current trend of animation industry structure across the globe, as well as to develop the ability of co-production. Animation industry often requires technical skills, capital strength and human resources, each having equal importance. Therefore, thorough analysis of the three components in worldwide animation industry must be preceded for animation production services. To do so, collaboration with major animation creation countries is the best option and is highly encouraged, so that the national animation curriculum shall be enhanced to meet such demands and hence develop various abilities. The second is a good understanding of new-media and new-platforms. Not only the traditional distributor of animation such as television and theater, the distribution system expands its scope to a variety of online sources including pod-casts and the Internet. Under these circumstances, a deep understanding towards animation distribution system and an analysis of the new consumer channel are also of paramount importance for animation production. Third, a possibility of animation supply chain through diversified routes and media have paved the way for a possible animation production services and distribution without a mega-budget. Thus, new curriculum shall need to reinforce marketing and management aspects that will in turn help individuals to establish a self-employed creative business. Last but not least, this study further includes illustration of current curriculum of animation studies in national universities, followed by detailed suggestions for the curriculum improvements based on the above mentioned three factors. It was observed that the current curriculums have been solely focused on practical works and technical skills of animation and art studies; a four-year-course colleges that provide animation courses usually lack components of human studies, social science and management. Thus, this study proposes essential contexts of management studies that are needed for individual business and also curriculum improvements that are derived from the analysis of the current industry and the new media.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2014

In this study, the factors affecting the profitability of the oriental medicine hospitals of University to be analyzed. To do this, profitability indicators and current ratio, liquidity, turnover ratio, cost factors analysis and suggested ways to improve management. The results are as follows, the operating margin(1.17%). the return on assets(3.76%), the net profit to gross revenues(2.37%), and the net profit to total assets(-1.89) were lower than the average of the entire oriental medicine hospitals in Korea(respectively 8.9%, 8.7%, 2.6%, 2.5%). Current ratio(256.76%), quick ratio(231.17%), fixed ratio(121.02%), and total assets turnover(135.69%) were similar to the average of all oriental medicine hospitals in Korea. But growth rate of total assets(-2.21%), and growth rate of patient revenue(1.89%) is low. And salaries(53.39%), materials costs(16.62%), administrative expenses(28.58%) were different to the average of all oriental medicine hospitals in Korea(respectively 35.3%, 10.7%, 45.1%). Meanwhile, the cost ratio of the oriental medicine hospitals of University was 98.59%. It was 7.49% higher than the 91.1% of the average of all oriental medicine hospitals in 2011. Correlation analysis, growth rate of patient revenue and operating margin increased at the same time, and net profit to gross revenues and net profit to total assets with a growth rate of total assets increased. And administrative expenses and profitability indicators showed a negative correlation. It means, in order to improve the profitability of the oriental medicine hospitals of University should focus on reducing administrative expenses. Multiple regression analysis, growth rate of total assets, total assets turnover, administrative expenses, and salaries has affected the profitability. Therefore, in order to improve the profitability of the oriental medicine hospitals of University to increase the total capital and the total capital turnover, and to reduce administrative expenses effort.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to find out which factors determine the success of start-up in the initial market and what are the most important determinants. For the empirical analysis, the questionnaire related to the analysis of success factors for start-up success was designed according to the quantitative analysis (AHP technique). First, we selected 8 representative success factors for successful start-up in the initial market. In order to determine the degree of priority among these factors, we surveyed 12 entrepreneurs who are interested in entrepreneurship, universities, research institutes, and public officials. As a result of the empirical analysis, 51% of the funds in the tier 1 were ranked as the top priority to determine success factors. Followed by research and development (32.5%), management (8.7%) and marketing (7.8%). In particular, when each of the four items is calculated as 100 according to the result of the tier 1, and the tier 2 is converted, the foreign investment is analyzed as 43.7%. It was followed by 15.14% of R & D facilities, 14.07% of ideas, 8.7% of managerial ability, 7.29% of domestic investment, 5.85% of buyer feedback, 3.3% of development strategy and 1.95% of marketing strategy. Among the eight success factors, overseas investment items showed the closest preference to half, and it was the most important variable that determines the success or failure of market entry. The implication of this study is that many start-ups in Korea expect to receive investment and support from overseas accelerators. This means that overseas investment itself has been recognized as a start-up that makes services and products that can be used in the global market. A high preference for attracting foreign investment is due to the fact that the amount of investment is larger than that of Korea and that it can flexibly cope with the pressure on the performance compared to domestic investors. In this study, it was meaningful that we could confirm this fact through questionnaires of start-up experts. In future research, we need to find a viable alternative through studying how to provide start-up to foreign direct investment at the national level.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.235-247
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• 2019

In order to achieve the results that are appropriate for the purpose of the enterprise, it is important to comprehensively understand the behaviors within the roles of the members of the organization and actions outside the roles. However, there have been relatively few studies on corporate social responsibility (CSR) among the existing studies that have been conducted to date. In particular, organizational citizenship behavior, a voluntary commitment by organizational members, is perceived as a very effective way of enhancing corporate performance, but studies on organizational citizenship behavior based on corporate social responsibility have rarely been conducted. In recent years, domestic companies have recognized social responsibility as an activity rather than an additional activity. Therefore, it is very meaningful to look at the organizational performance by examining the factors that make up this social responsibility from the perspective of the company. It is considered a task. In order to demonstrate this, this study collected 303 data from a business incubator center operated by universities and public institutions nationwide and used a total of 303 samples. As a result of the verification, the wages received by the members of the organization did not affect the organizational commitment, and the working hours and the working environment affected the organizational commitment. In addition, corporate social responsibility has an effect on organizational trust in the marketing side. Organizational commitment and organizational trust were studied to positively affect organizational citizenship behavior. In addition, this study divides the degree of perception of social responsibility of the organizational members into the high recognition group and the low recognition group and analyzed whether there is a difference in the level of organizational citizenship behavior according to the employment type (regular and irregular workers) The results of this study are as follows.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.17-29
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• 2021

Recently, as social distancing have been raised due to the re-spread of COVID-19, the number of serial entrepreneurs who are closing their business is rapidly increasing. Learning from failure is a source of success, but business failure can result in psychological and economic losses and negative emotions of the serial entrepreneur. At this point, it is very important to find a way to recover the negative emotions caused by business failures of serial entrepreneurs. Recently, a strategic model has emerged to deal with the negative emotions of grief caused by business failures of serial entrepreneurs. This study identified the recovery factors from the grief of business failures of serial entrepreneurs and analyzed Shepherd's(2003) three areas: loss orientation, restoration orientation, and dual process. To this end, individual in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 small business serial entrepreneurs who challenged re-startup to identify the attributes of recovery factors that were not identified with quantitative data. As a result of the study, first, recovery factors were investigated in three areas: individual orientation, family orientation, and network orientation. It was found to help improve recovery in nine categories: self-esteem, persistence, personal competence, hobbies, self-confidence, family support, networks, religion, and social support. Second, recovery obstacle factors were investigated in three areas: psychological, economic, and environmental factors. Nine categories including family, health, social network, business partner, competitor, partner, fund, external environment, and government policy were found to persist negative emotions. Third, the emotional processing process for grief was investigated in three areas: loss orientation, restoration orientation, and dual process. Ten categories such as family, partner support, social member support, government support, hobbies, networks, change of business field, moving, third-party perspective, and meditation were confirmed to enhance rapid recovery in the emotional processing process for grief. The implications of this study are as follows. The process of recovering from the grief caused by business failures of serial entrepreneurs was attempted by a qualitative study. By extending the theory of Shepherd(2003), This study can be applied to help with recovery research. In addition, conceptual models and propositions for future empirical research were presented, which can be discussed in carious academic ways.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.145-180
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• 2015

Human Genome Project was a big science done by United States, U.K., France, China, Germany and Japan. But in Korea HGP was not constructed because of lack of governmental funding and failure to attract relevant actors' attention in spite of small voices from early genome researchers and some family members of patients with incurable diseases. This article does not argue that HGP in Korea was an undone science, a concept claimed by Scott Frickel, et al. Instead, it shows the historical fact that HGP was not constructed in Korea in 1990s and analyzes how genomic researches could become possible in Korea in the post-genomic age using the framework of triple-helix. In Korea, researchers have constructed hybrid networks and organizations that intermingles laboratories of university, industry, and government to conduct genomic researches which requires a lot of financial funding. This structure is different from the entrepreneurial university seen in developed countries such as the United States. Using two examples, this article shows that founding a start-up company by university researchers was not an option as in the United States, but a necessity in order to obtain enough funding to conduct genomic researches in Korea. Otherwise, researchers in Korean universities had to form hybrid networks with government to obtain small amount of funds to conduct researches. I argue that this phenomenon shows multifaceted characteristics of institutional structures regarding genomic researches in Korea.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.229-236
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• 2018

In the past, technology commercialization was implemented in a narrow sense, such as technology transfer or start-up support. It has been pointed out that lack of entrepreneurial experience, failure in technology development, and insecure markets lead to failure of technology commercialization. The project supporting direct commercialization of technologies owned by academic and research institutes conjoins public funds and operating power of large enterprises to introduce a new technology commercialization model that combines commercialization technology with capital, market, and government policies. And pain points for direct commercializing technology was derived. Through research and analysis, a gap was found between the demand factors and the capability of the actors performing the technology commercialization, and it showed a significant correlation with the paint points. In consequence, measures were drawn to improve support policies to enhance the efficiency of commercialization of technologies held by universities and research institutes.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.207-215
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of PBL in a college AD/PR class. This class was run under the theme of 'Sinchon Regeneration Project' in the 'Seodaemun-gu & University Collaborative Project Program'. As a result of the pre-post surveys, the authors found a significant increase in the place attachment to Sinchon, which was considered as a critical variable in this program. This research is an important study with high practicality in the area of cultural content production education PBL. The PBL teaching method can contribute to enhancing the class satisfaction and strengthening the competitiveness of students in cultural content related majors.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.147-155
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to develop the fit-occupation for getting a job or supporting start-up in the middle and senior aged. The study was performed in three phases; First classification categories and model were developed to select occupation candidates. Secondly, 40 occupation candidates were developed and reviewed the priority through the analysis of current status and needs of employment in the middle and senor aged. Thirdly, the final 4 fit-occupations in Korea Polytechnics were chosen through in-depth interviews of experts and survey. These results are suggested some implications for the management of vocational education for baby boomers as a public education and training institution.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.366-376
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• 2019

Youth unemployment reached a record high in 2017, and business revitalization is emerging as a means of overcoming this situation. The number of venture companies and amounts of new venture investments are increasing year on year, and the government has upgraded Small and Medium Business Administration to the Ministry of SMEs and Startups. However, the success rate of startups is relatively poor. Over the past three years only 39.1% of Korean startups survived and 90% of companies failed in the Valley of Death phase. Survival this phase is critical for early startups, and thus, the amount and timing of investments are critical. Current models for establishing business startups do not effectively attract investments because they lack practical, corporate evaluation variables. In this paper, we develop a mixed process that incorporates the factors and business models focused on by venture capital investors. In addition, we compared our Death Valley Venture (DVV) process with current methods and provide an example of its application.