• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.63
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• pp.5-25
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• 2013

Korean society suffers from severe divisions represented by bi-polarization and collapse of the middle class. Intensive demanding on expanding social welfare budget has emerged in accordance with such a dramatic shift. Social consensus moving toward well-financed welfare policy, however, happens to meet political opposition supported by the discourse of fiscal soundness. This paper thus pays particular attention to deciphering the discursive structure in way of understanding how discourses bring public policy into play. For this purpose, news articles about fiscal soundness collected from 8 national newspapers have been analyzed in terms of frame, attitude, perspective and world view. Research results show, first of all, that there exist persistent competition between two frames identified as 'reduced tax with fiscal discipline' and 'increased tax with welfare money.' While the 'reduced tax' frame favors in maintaining tax cut at the expense of welfare budjet, the frame of 'increased tax' supports such arguments as the flexible employment of fiscal soundness and prosperity of national community helped by widening tax revenues. Also did these frames include a number of sub-frames like welfare populism, partisan politics, trickle down effect, tax bonanza for the rich, universal welfare and market over-reactions in order to bolster its logical authority. Media's active taking a part in penetrating supportive frames in line with political stance was found as well. Taking into account both the discursive structure upheld by frames and politics materialized by the media, the authors argue that public policies should be considered more as discourse than fixed reality. Shedding additional light on understanding the interplay among public opinion, policies and media discourse is of another importance for further study.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.207-215
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• 2013

The general opinion about the notion of cyberbullying hasn't existed yet, but in related laws it is defined as the entire behavior causing the counterpart to suffer the pain by continuously and repeatedly psychologic offending toward specific students with information and telecommunication products such as the Internet and mobile phones, and spreading the private information or false facts related with specific students. Recently a number of accidents related with abuse of cyberbullying are being broadcast on a variety of mass media, and the argument about the severity and countermeasures against cyberbullying is moving onward. This study has a purpose as suggesting the practical alternatives to prevent cyberbullying victim of middle school students by arguing cyberbullying of middle school students and analyzing the relationship between the general features such as victimized experience and frequency and the emotional behaviors according to victimized experience. As the result of this study, cyberbullying victimized experience has a significant effect on the emotional behavior such as depression, aggression, and academic stress. As political implication, this study suggests the practical alternatives to prevent cyberbullying of middle school students based on the analysis result.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2017.01a
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• pp.273-274
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• 2017

대한민국 20대 총선, 영국의 유럽연합 탈퇴인 브렉시트, 트럼프와 힐러리의 대결인 미국 대선, 이 셋의 공통점은 언론의 예측과 다른 투표 결과가 나왔다는 점이다. 이러한 일련의 사건들로 인해, 각종 언론사에서 실시하고 있는 표본조사의 신뢰도에 대한 근본적 재검토의 필요성이 제기되고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 선거 후보자 지지율을 효율적이며 효과적으로 분석하기 위하여 SNS 감정분석을 제안한다. SNS 감정분석은 기존의 표본을 구하고 분석하는 방식보다 더 빠르게 표본 수집 및 분석이 가능하다. 또한 R프로그램과 구글을 이용하여 처리하기 때문에 기존 방식에 비하여 매우 저렴하다. 현재 언론사의 예측이 빗나가고 있는 시점에서 SNS 감정분석이 훌륭한 대안이 될 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서의 트래픽*감정분석 점수를 보았을 때, SNS 감정분석이 여론을 더 정확히 반영한다는 것을 증명한다.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.17
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• pp.85-111
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• 2001

In this article, Channel 4 in Britain is the main theme since its alternative broadcasting system can shed the light to the Korean case. Korea is getting into the era of multimedia and including webcastings there are over thousands channels are available. However the infra-structure fur the broadcasting contents never seems to be matured to match its need. Instead Korean production system is rather vertically integrated into the Networks(KBS, MBC and SBS) which oligopolise the broadcasting in terms of supply. Even though 'Program Quota Regulation' has been established under the new Broadcasting Art(1999), the old habits die hard and still the independent producers have the unfair relationships with the Networks. Under this circumstance, Channel 4 can be the good example to show how well the alternative system can serve to the diversity of broadcasting and the taste of the minority. Channel 4 took almost 20 years to establish since there were enormous amount of debates about its public missions, ideal broadcasting system, whom it should serve for, etc. between all the social sectors including the independent producers. The social agreement was reached on the point that the new broadcaster should not produce but publish and it is called the 'publishing broadcaster'. In this sense, it can be managed effectively with comparatively little fund and at the same time, it can always have all different sorts of contents as well as genres very freely through 'commissioning process' or buying programs from even the most innovative producers. The 'commissioning process' is one of the key points which makes the Channel 4 so unique. The commissioning process is literally open to anybody, in particular, to the small scale producers with much innovative ideas. Channel 4 will support financially as well as with facilities and human resource to produce the program once after their program idea is accepted by the commissioning editor. Even better side of Channel 4 is about their financial success. From the beginning, the 'funding formula' helped in great deal to make the Channel 4 doing all sorts of innovative experiments. The history of 'funding formula' and its contribution are explained in the article, too. With all this effort, the article is hoped to bring discussion about the alternative broadcasting system which might help to prepare the new era of broadcasting.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.33
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• pp.115-167
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate coverage patterns of the Korean internet news media on 'US-Iraq War' and its meaning and discourse structure. The internet news media was recently established and become a popular news media to compete with old news media in Korea. The author selected the 'Oh My News' as a representative internet news media for his analysis, and collected its news items from Mar. 20, 2003 to Dec. 17, 2003. on the basis of 4 different phases of the war. He analysed the whole of news items with various semiotic and discourse analytic methods, especially applying for Bell's concepts of time and discourse structure. As a result of this study, first of all, it was found that the 'Oh My News' tended to cover this war so different ways as the old news media did. It did not pay attention to the procedure of war, especially, battlefields, fighting between US and Iraq, damages and casualties. But, instead, it paid attention to many doubts about intention of US government and the President, Bush, dichotomous shift between pro-America and anti-America, rightness of dispatching Korean army into Iraq, etc. Secondly, it functioned as a kind of alternative media to speak up different voices comparing with those of old media. It tended to suggest different perspectives and opinions, while the old media tended to follow American perspectives and opinions. Thirdly, it became as a kind of new media setting agendas for this war in Korean society. It played a very important role for setting agendas for various issues related with this war. In conclusion, the internet news media has recently become a kind of new news media for suggesting alternative or different opinions, setting agendas, initiating discourses, etc., even though it still has may problems of becoming so called orthodox news media.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.67
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• pp.88-118
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• 2014

This study attempted to clarify (1) the meaning of 'people's livelihood (Minsaeng, 民生)' conveyed by the newspapers in Korean society and the specific matter it refers to, and (2) consider the discourse formed by the newspapers and what does and does not change in that discourse over the passage of time. Editorials were classified and analyzed based on the framework of Fairclough's critical discourse analysis(CDA). It was clear, from the political perspective, that the discourse was respectively formed and changed for each administration. The discourse on 'people's livelihood' was critical and at the same time generally negative, because it dealt with the important social incidents or controversies of the time. The discourse on 'people's livelihood' related to the massive social streams of Korea's democratization and globalization process. Whereas the discourse on 'people's livelihood' in the 1990s, seen from an economic perspective, tried to resolve labor strikes, inflation rate, housing problem, and financial crisis. The discourse in the 2000s changed to issues ranging from economic growth and distribution to bi-polarization problem, job creation, abolishment of non-regular employments, etc. The meaning of 'people's livelihood' produced in the editorials of the major daily newspapers is different from the word's dictionary definition as 'the people's lives'.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.35
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• pp.114-146
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• 2006

Now, Korea-U.S.A Free Trade Agreement talk is underway in Korea. In FTA talks, the issues on audio-visual sector including screen quota, opening of broadcasting and telecommunication to the U.S.A. are becoming a hot potato. Globalization has been speed up by mass media and telecommunications. Cultures are no longer bounded by specific place but, through the migration of persons and the electronic flows of information, ideas and images, transgress established boundaries. So issues and debates have to be focused on global culture and cultural imperialism. Some would argue global culture is the consequences of capitalist world-system, so dominance by the center should be criticized and vanished. Some would say that global culture would help recipient society's people with cultural diversify and improvement. The issues on culture and communication, particularly at international level call for our attention in light of cultural identity, homogenization and diversity. Although I criticize the cultural imperialism thesis, I suggest critical acceptance of cultural imperialism. That is the observation of complexity between internal and external dynamics. The process of cultural imperialism is not simple and unitary. It rather involves the various forces of internal dynamics along with external forces.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.35
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• pp.36-86
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• 2006

The industrialization and globalization in the field of broadcasting are rapidly proceeded by extension of multilateral agreement as GATT and WTO, and by expansion of bilateral FTA. The broadcasting gets important in the industries according to the change of broadcasting environment grounded on industrial logic. As the broadcasting products become an important article of trade, broadcasting industry is the best bet in the cultural industries. In the international trade, the USA and Japan will treat cultural products the same as common goods and keep in the frame of free trade. On the contrary, the EU nations and Canada take a position that the cultural products are common goods and also public goods at the same time, and that therefore the cultural products will be excepted from the free trade. But this so called cultural exception, which is formed in the multilateral free trade agreement, is merely a temporal countermeasure, not a fundamental alternative especially in the present circumstances of DDA negotiation of WTO and of enlargement of FTA by the USA. So a nation shall carry out policies for cultural identity and cultural autonomy by the guarantee of Cultural Diversity Agreement of UNESCO, and organize a new cultural exchange order which substitutes the trade order by trade agreements.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.241-248
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• 2009

On 7 December 2007, the Hong Kong registered tanker Hebei Spirit, laden with 209,000 tonnes of crude oil, was struck by the crane barge Samsung No 1, whilst at anchor about five miles off Taean on the West Coast in Korea. About 10,500 tonnes of crude oil escaped into the sea from the Hebei Spirit. The recent oil leakage from a tanker in seas off Taean has turned the sea farms and fishing areas on the country's western coast into a sea of oil. Analysts say the spill is considered as one of the world's devastating sea pollution cases involving oil. In our contemporary society where people are exposed to potential dangers in every aspect, no one can be free from such dangers. With an increase in human casualties due to disaster, disaster reporting plays a vital role in preventing and minimizing damages. Despite such enormous significance, however, Korean disaster reporting has not performed effectively. In this contexts, this study analyzed the problems of disaster reporting in Korea, with the case of Hebei Spirit oil Spill in Taean-gun. And, this study suggest the establish ways and means needed to improve the disaster reporting in Korea with the case of Hebei Spirit case.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.37
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• pp.342-376
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• 2007

This study attempted to explore relationship between self-identities in real space and in virtual space and to inspect empirically both self-identities' influence on addiction and society maladaptation of online role playing game users. The verified results through this study are summarized as follows. First, both self-identity in real space and self-identity in virtual space represent strong interrelationship. In detail, the user with strong self-identity in real space shows strong self-identity in virtual space. Second, self-identities in two spaces have the negative interrelationship with game addiction and maladaptation. Whether real space or virtual space, the higher self-identity, the lower the levels of game addiction and maladaptation. Especially, self-identity in real space appeared an influential variable determining the level of addiction and maladaptation. Although self-identity in virtual space have not an independent influence, it has the possibility to effect complementary with self-identity in real space. This fact means that virtual space is not the place where the user with weak self-identity in real space can discovers the ideal self. Because they also experience the negative recognition about oneself in virtual space.