• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• s.9
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• pp.16-21
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• 1970

국내 배합사료 중 국내에서 자급할 수 있는 능력은 15$\~$21$\%$ 밖에 되지 않고 나머지 79$\~$85$\%$는 직접도입(옥수수$\cdot$대두박$\cdot$어분 등) 또는 간접도입(소맥피)에 의존하고 있는 실정이므로 우리 나라의 사료수급 사정이나 양계업의 장래는 불안정한 요소를 내포하고 있음을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.441-450
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• 2011

This study was conducted to determine the effects of partial replacement of corn grain and soybean meal with agricultural by-product feeds on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and optimum levels of mixing ratio. The agricultural by-products to examine the effectiveness of the partial replacement of concentrate were wheat bran, corn gluten feed, bakery waste, soybean curd, rice bran, green kernel rice, soybean hull, distillers' grain, and mushroom substrate. In the first experiment, in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics of feedstuffs were evaluated at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after incubation. In the second experiment, fermentation characteristics were investigated with green kernel rice and soybean curd which replaced corn grain or soybean meal. Feed were formulated with 40% corn grain + 20% soybean meal (T1), 40% corn grain + 17.5% soybean meal + 2.5% soybean curd (T2), 25% corn grain + 20% soybean meal + 15% green kernel rice (T3), and 30% corn grain + 15% soybean meal + 6% green kernel rice + 9% soybean curd (T4), respectively, with forage source of 10% alfalfa hay, 20% timothy hay, and 10% corn silage as fed-basis. In 24 and 48 hour cultivations, T4 showed significantly lower pH compared to T1, whereas in 3 and 24 hour cultivations, T4 showed significantly higher DM degradation compared to T1. In addition, the gas production of T3 was also higher than T1 (p<0.05). Overall results of the present experiments indicated that green kernel rice and soybean curd as agricultural by-products have the possibility of partial replacements of corn grain and soybean meal.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.192-196
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• 1990

Eleven herbicides were treated in soybean fields of Dukso and Yeoncheon in Gyeonggi province. These herbicides were classified by two-dimensional ordination analysis based on important values of the weed flora which were obtained after application of herbicides. Weed community types were E. crus-galli(56%)-D. adscendens (14%) -C. album (10%)-P. oleracea (8%) and P. oleracea (58%)-E. crus-galli (29%) -A. mangostanus (5%) -D. adscendens (3%), respectively. From soybean field at Dukso, 11 weed community types or 11 herbicide groups were obtained. And at Yeoncheon, 9 weed community types or 9 herbicide groups were classified. At treated blocks with clomazone and bentazon, C. amuricus and E. crus-galli dominated respectively. And at treated blocks with quizalofop, haloxifop and alloxydium, P. oleracea dominated remarkably. The herbicides classification by the two-dimensional ordination analysis could be used more effectively to selecting herbicides for reciprocal and systematic weed control than by similarity analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2013.06a
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• pp.401-403
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• 2013

세계적으로 선박 교통량 증가와 함께 선박 사고 원인의 90% 이상을 차지하는 인적요인에 대한 심층적인 연구의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 해상교통관제 업무는 고도의 주의와 예측능력을 요구하며 이를 저해하는 인적요인 분석 및 관리 필요성이 절실한 분야이다. 특히 관제업무는 교대근무 등의 불규칙한 근무형태로 인해 발생되는 피로와 업무 집중력 저하, 스트레스가 많은 업무이다. 무엇보다 관제 업무는 해상안전에 핵심적인 역할을 하는데, 관제사의 피로와 스트레스로 인한 업무 차질은 자칫 안전사고로까지 이어질 수 있는 위험이 존재한다. 이렇듯 인적요인이 중요한 영역임에도 불구하고 관제사들의 체계적인 스트레스 관리에 대한 방안은 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 직무스트레스 유발요인, 유발결과 및 설문조사를 통하여 관제사들의 직무스트레스 현 실태를 파악하고자 한다. 그리고 연구결과를 바탕으로 관제사의 피로, 스트레스를 관리하기 위한 방안과 더 나아가 효율적인 인적요인 안전관리 방안을 모색하고자 한다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.251-264
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• 2003

This study was conducted to make on-site survey on the output pattern and utilization situation of 19 by-products selected, to evaluate their nutritional characteristics, to find out a reliable index with which digestion of by-products can be predicted on the basis of chemical compositions analyzed and to diagnose the risk of using book values in the absence of the actual values analyzed for diet formulation. Production and utilization situations of by-products were quite various. Nutritionally, fruit processing by-products such as apple pomace (AP), pear pomace (PP), grape pomace (GP), and persimmon peel (PSP), and bakery by-products (BB) were classified as energy feeds. Soybean curd meal (SCM), animal by- products such as blood (BD), feather meal (FM) and poultry by-products (PB), and activated milk processing sludge (AMS) were classified as protein feeds. Soy hulls (SH), spent mushroom compost (SMC), barley malt hulls (BMH), waste paper (WP) and broiler litter (BL) were classified as roughage. Rumen contents (RC) and restaurant food waste (FW) were nutritionally analogous to complete diets for cattle and swine, respectively. Compared to soybean meal (SBM), BD and FM contained high (P<0.05) levels of amino acids and barley malt sprouts (BMS), AMS and FW contained low (P<0.05) levels of amino acids. Enzymatic (pepsin) digestibilities of proteinaceous feeds ranged between 99 and 66%. In vitro DM digestibility was high (P<0.05) in the order of FW, BB, AP, SH, PP, PSP, BMH, BMS, SCM, GP, RC, PB, BL, WP, SMC, AMS, FM and BD. In vitro DM digestibility had the highest correlation (r=0.68) with nonfibrous carbohydrate among chemical components. Differences between analyzed values of chemical components and book values were considerable. Caution is required in using book values when large amount of by-products are used in diets.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.86-89
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• 1978

The competitive effects of annual weeds on soybeans (Glycine max. (L.) Merr. 'Gwang Gyo') were Studied on silt clay loam soil. Weeds allowed to grow in the row for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 weeks after soybean planting and full season reduced soybean yields 6.5, 3.2, 10.7, 8, 8.24.4, and 44%. respectively. Reduction in leaf area index (LAI) and crop growth rate (CGR) of soybeans were closely correlated to percent soybean yield reduction. Weed com petition showed to reduce the number of soybean pods per plant, the number of branches per plant, and plant height.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.676-678
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• 2003

디지털 컨텐츠의 생산과 수요가 폭발적으로 증가함에 따라 컨텐츠에 대한 지적 재산권 및 수익 창출에 대한 중요성이 대두되었다. 이를 위해 디지털 컨텐츠 자체에 저작권을 보호살 수 있는 기능을 부여하는 기술인 DRM이 개발되었다. 본 논문에서는 DRM(Digital Rights Management)의 영역에 속하는 디지털 컨텐츠 접근을 제어하기 위한 기술 중에서 이미지 컨텐츠에 대한 불법적인 캡쳐 방지를 위한 모델을 제안한다.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.599-612
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic feed containing rice bran and soybean hull as organic by-products on milk production of mid-lactation dairy goats. Four Saanen dairy goats (initial BW $59.4{\pm}7.4$ kg, average 6 lactation months, fourth kidding) were allocated into conventional feed group (T1) and organic feed group (T2) with 2${\times}$3 crossover design for 9 weeks. Experimental diets were formulated to contain 23 MJ ME/d, 382 g CP/d DM based on NRC (1981) and AFRC (1998). Dry matter (DM) intakes of concentrate and silage were higher in T2 (1,232 and 96 g/d) than T1 (1,105 and 91 g/d) (p<0.05). However, DM intake of hay was higher in T1 (488 g) than T2 (347 g) (p<0.05). Total DM intake had no significant difference between T1 and T2. Although no significant difference was found in milk yield between treatments, T2 numerically increased (+150 g/d) compared with T1. There were no significant differences in milk composition and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) between T1 and T2. Relative to T1, T2 significantly increased the stearic acid (C18:0) and linoleic acid (C18:2) (p<0.05). Overall results of the present experiment indicated that organic feed could not adversely affect DM intake and milk production in dairy goats compared with conventional feed.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 1987

Present work has been initiated to see if inherent biochemical difference among plants is, in any way, related to the observed selectivity characteristics of preemergence herbicide, alachlor. Application of aqueous solution of alachlor onto three intact plants, soybean, chinese cabbage and barnyard grass resulted in phytotoxicity responses in the testt plants in varying degree. Examination of glutathione (and homoglutathione) contents of the test plants indicated that the phytotoxicity is inversely proportional to the peptide contents of the test plants. It was also noted that four to five water soluble metabolites are readily formed in intact seedling treated with labelled alachlor and glutathionealachlor and homoglutathionealachlor conjugates were tentatatively identified as major metabolites. It is concluded that conjugation reaction involving glutathiones and xenobiotic alachlor, a typical phase II reaction, acts as detoxification reaction in the three test plants and this would, in turn, contribute to observed selectivity of alachlor.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 1981

A 2-year field experiment was conducted to determine the influence of early and late soybean (Clycine max Merr) seeding times on competitive relationships between soybeans and annual weeds. Soybeans were planted on May 20 and June 20. Durations of weed competition and weed control were 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks after planting sad for full growing season. Dominant weeds were Portulaca oleracia, Centipeda minima, Rorippa cantonienais, Chenopodium album, Acalypha australis, Echinochloa crusgalli, and Digitaria sanguinalis. The dry weight of weeds increased with extended competition, especially at early seeding time of soybeans. Soybean yields were decreased as duration of weed competition was extended. More severe yield reduction occurred at late-planted soybeans with early stage weed competition but at early-planted soybeans when weeds competed with soybeans for a 2 weeds and full growing season. The dry weight of weeds emerged after weeding was decreased at early and late seeding times of soybeans as duration of weed control was prolonged. Soybean yields decreased with shortening duration of weed control end this trend of yield reduction was slightly more remarkable at late-planted soybeans than at early-planted soybeans. Late-planted soybeans were required longer than 6 weeks of weed control period to achieve maximum yield as compared to early-planted soybeans.