• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제8권6호
• /
• pp.51-59
• /
• 2000

In-cylinder spray flow motion plays an important in the adjustment of mixture preparation with a fundamental spray characteristics and in-cylinder flow field well in direct-injection gasoline engine. In this study, the fundamental spray characteristics such as mean drop size, velocity distribution, spray angle were measured and in-cylinder spray flow motion was visualized in order to optimize intake port, piston top land and combustion chamber shapes in the development stage of mass-produced G야 engine. For these experiments, the PDPA measurements and Mie scattering technique were used for detailed spray characteristics and in-cylinder spray motions were obtained by use of ICCD camera through the single-cylinder optical engine. From the experimental results, the test injector shows a good low-end linearity between the dynamic flow and fuel injection pulse width and the fuel spray of 20mm or less in SMD with good spray symmetry. In addition, the in-cylinder tumble flow has more effect on the homogeneous mixture formation than that of in-cylinder swirl flow at early injection mode and the in-cylinder swirl flow plays a better role of stratified mixture preparation than tumble flow at late injection mode.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2002

마이크로 연소실을 장착한 MAV 추진 장치용 단기통 MEMS 엔진을 제작하였다. 본연구에서는 MEMS 크기의 왕복운동 내연기관의 타당성을 검증하고 실용화를 위한 설계 및 가공데이터를 축적하고자 하였다. 엔진 블록은 가공의 정밀도와 내열성등을 고려하여 감광유리 웨이퍼를 사용하였으며, 점화 전극은 베이스 플레이트 위에 니켈 도금으로 제작하였다. 감광유리판은 등방성 에칭의 특성이 탁월하여 마이크로 엔진의 실린더와 피스톤과 같이 비교적 깊은 식각이 가능함을 확인하였다. 전체 엔진은 세 개의 별도 가공된 레이어를 접착하여 조립한다. 본연구의 엔진 연소실은 깊이는 1mn, 폭 2mn이며, 피스턴은 수소-공기 예 혼합 가스의 연소압력에 의하여 구동된다. 가공된 엔진의 연소실험을 통하여, 점화, 화염전파 및 피스턴 구동을 확인하였으며, 실용화를 위한 연구가 요구되고 있다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제38권7호
• /
• pp.868-876
• /
• 2014

본 논문에서는 함정에 탑재된 추진용 엔진에 사용되는 디젤연료(MDO)의 분사상태를 가시화가 가능한 단기통 디젤엔진에 적용시켜 전 후 분사시기에 따른 연소특성, 일산화탄소(CO) 및 탄화수소(HC) 배출특성을 규명하고, 연소과정의 가시화를 통하여 연소특성을 분석하는데 초점을 두었다. 전 분사시기가 주 분사시기 쪽으로 지연될수록 실린더 내부 평균유효압력($P_{me}$) 및 최고압력($P_m$)은 상승했으나, 주 분사의 방열율은 저감되고, 일산화탄소 및 탄화수소의 발생량 또한 감소하였다. 후 분사시기가 빨라질 경우 주 분사에 의해 형성된 고온, 고압 하에서 연소가 이루어짐에 따라 실린더 내부 평균유효압력 및 최고압력은 증가하였고, 일산화탄소 및 탄화수소 배출수준 또한 증가하였다. 연소과정을 분석한 결과, 전 분사시기가 늦어질수록 주 분사 시 발생되는 착화지연은 매우 짧아지며, 화염강도는 매우 상승하였다. 분사시기에 관계없이 후 분사 시 착화지연 현상은 발생하지 않았으며, 후 분사시기가 늦어질수록 화염의 강도는 점점 떨어졌다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제21권7호
• /
• pp.692-698
• /
• 2020

본 논문은 커먼레일 단기통 디젤엔진에서 다단 파일럿 분할 분사 전략이 연소 및 배기가스 배출특성에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 데 초점을 두었다. 실린더 내부 최고 압력과 열발생률은 단일분사 조건에서 가장 높았으며, 파일럿 분사량이 균등하게 분할되어 분사 횟수가 증가할수록 감소하는 경향으로 나타났다. IMEP, 엔진 토크 및 연소 효율은 1단 파일럿 분사 조건에서 가장 낮게 나타나는 특성을 보였으나, 다단 파일럿 분할 분사 전략 적용 시 증가하는 경향으로 분석되었다. COV_IMEP는 연소 효율이 가장 낮은 1단 파일럿 분사 조건에서 가장 높았으며, 이는 연소 안정성이 낮다는 것을 의미한다. 배기가스 중 산소농도는 단일분사 조건에서 가장 낮았고, 이산화탄소는 가장 높게 배출되는 특성을 보였다. 다단 분할 분사 전략 적용 시 저온 연소과정이 진행되기 때문에 일산화탄소의 산화율은 낮아지게 되고 배출수준은 증가하는 특성을 보였다. 탄화수소는 국부적으로 농후한 혼합기가 형성되는 단일분사 조건에서 가장 높은 결과를 보였다. 질소산화물은 다단 파일럿 분할 분사 전략 중 3단 파일럿 분사 조건에서 55.6%까지 감소하는 특성을 보였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.39-48
• /
• 2006

In this research, in order to study the spray, combustion, and emission characteristics of the common rail DME engine, the target engine was disassembled, and 3D CAD file was constructed using a 3D measurement machine and a rapid prototyping machine. Using the obtained 3D geometry, fine moving meshes are generated, and three dimensional non-steady turbulence flow field and combustion phenomenon including spray were numerically analyzed. As a result, IMEP of DME and diesel in medium and high speed revolution showed similar performance. As the DME fuel start to burn in spray area, the vaporized fuel rapidly spreads squish area in low speed revolution. In the case of DME engine, CO and NOx are relatively consistent with experiment results. It was found that the break-up, evaporation, collision model of DME fuel need to be properly adjusted through matching the characteristics of fuel and injector for further improvement.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제4권5호
• /
• pp.197-205
• /
• 1996

The flow characteristics of five different 4-valve cylinder heads were investigated in a steady flow rig using laser-Doppler velocimetry. The tumble flow of each head with pentroof combustion chamber was quantified by nondimensional tumble number using a tumble adaptor. The formation of tumbling vortex was examined in an optical single-cylinder engine which has windows for in-cylinder LDV measurements. Tumble vortex ratio was estimated from the tumble flow measurement. The four-valve cylinder heads with pent-roof combustion chamber showed the tumble vortex from the intake process, which was investigated in the steady flow test. The tumble adaptor which converts the tumble into swirl flow was found to be feasible in predicting the tumble flow in the real engine. The tumble strength in the steady flow test coincides with that in the real engine experiment within 15%. It was found that the steady flow test on the four-valve cylinder heads provides the tip for a better design of cylinder head.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.79-85
• /
• 2009

Low temperature combustion regime for the simultaneous reduction of nitrogen oxides ($NO_x$) and paticulate matter (PM) is demonstrated in single cylinder engine at various operating parameters, such as EGR rate, injection timing, EGR temperature, amount of fuel and swirl rate. Low temperature combustion is accomplished by high exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate in this study. Generally, the emission of $NO_x$ almost completely disappears and PM significantly increases in the first decreasing regime of oxygen concentration but after peaking about 10~12% oxygen concentration, PM then decreases regardless of fuel injection quantity. Low temperature combustion regime was extended by low EGR temperature, high injection pressure and low amount of fuel.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국공작기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.242-247
• /
• 2003

An experimental study presents characteristics of combustion in a combustion chamber by port deactivation valve for economy and emissions standards. In order to use combustion properties data it is necessary to build some data base, which use cylinder pressure sensor, etc. Port deactivation valve has been developed to satisfy requirement of achieving sufficient swirl generation to improve the combustion. A feasibility and necessity of combustion pressure based cylinder spark timing control has been examined. So, this was obtained the Coefficient of Variation(COV) and the mass-burned(MFB). The characteristics of pressure ratio fraction is similar to that of mass-burned fraction. Using the results of the test, the effects of the combustion chamber can be improved combustion stability by port deactivation.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 2007

This paper presents characteristics of steady flow by variation of a combustion chamber and an intake port. Gas flow field inside a combustion chamber is the important factor in improving combustion stability and reduction of emission level. The flow characteristics such as flow coefficient, tumble ratio and swirl ratio are measured by the steady flow rig test with an impulse meter in this study. In the measuring, the valve lifts are varied between 1mm to 10mm. The three combustion chambers and two intake ports were applied to the steady flow apparatus in order to investigate the effect of swirl and tumble on the in-cylinder flow. As a result, tumble ratio were found to be different by variation of the combustion chambers and the intake ports. The data from the present study can be applied to design of a similar engine as basic data.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.775-780
• /
• 2003

In this study, a computer analysis has been developed for predicting the pipe pressure of the intake and exhaust manifold in a single cylinder engine. To get the boundary conditions for a numerical analysis, one dimensional and unsteady gas dynamic calculation is performed by using the MOC(Method Of Characteristic). The main numerical parameters are the variation of the exhaust pipe diameters to calculate the pulsating flow when the intake and exhaust valves are working. As the results of numerical analysis, the shapes and distributions of the exhaust pipe pressures were influenced strongly on the cylinder pressure. As the exhaust pipe diameter is decreased, the amplitude of exhaust pressure is large and the cylinder pressure was showed low in the region of intake valve opening time.