• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2008

수백여 종의 개별물질이 불완전 연소 혹은 유기물의 열분해로 인해 발생되는 다환방향족 탄화수소(PAHs)는 환경에서 중요한 오염원이 되고 있다. 본 연구는 다양한 바이오마커를 이용하여 수서생태계에 벤조피렌(benzo[a]pyrene)과 같은 다환방향족 탄화수소의 영향을 분석하였고, 이에 대한 통합적 결과 모델을 도출하였다. 즉, 잉어(Cyprinus carpio)를 이용하여 여러 농도의 벤조피렌(3, 12, $34{\mu}g/L$, 측정농도 기준)에 10일간 노출시킨 다음, DNA single-strand break, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), acetylcholine esterase (AChE)와 vitellogenin (VTG)의 농도를 측정하였다. 벤조피렌은 잉어의 DNA 손상을 유도하였고, 낮은 농도에서 EROD와 VTC의 유의적인 활성을 보였으나, 신경전달물질과 관련이 깊은 AChE 효소활성에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이 결과를 star plot를 이용하여 통합 및 분석하였으며, 노출농도에 따른 통합 반응지수(integrated biomarker response value: IBR)로 나타내었다. 이런 다양한 바이오마커의 결과들은 벤조피렌에 대한 어류의 영향과 수생태 모니터링 자료로 이용 가능할 것으로 여겨지며, 통합반응지수는 생태위해성평가에서 유용한 도구로 쓰일 가치가 있는 것으로 평가된다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2004

Determination of some PAHs in ambient air at Ulsan have been carried out by collection of the components into n-hexane followed by synchronous spectrofluorimetric technique. 10 PAHs, such as acenaphthene (Ace), anthracene (Anth), benz[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbFt), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkFt) benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), chrysene (Chry), phenanthrene (Phen), fluoranthene (Ft), perlyrene (Per), and pyrene (Pyr) in air samples were able to determine separately by synchronous spectrofluorimetry. Calibration curves for those components were linear for the concentration range of 0.2∼166ppb PAHs with the correlation factor of 0.9985∼0.9999. The predominant contribution was phenanthrene which was included 36.9∼85.1% to the overall level of the 10 PAHs in some areas. Also benzo[a]pyrene which was known to carcinogenicity was detected from 6.4 to 55.8ng/㎥, benzo[a]anthracene of some areas was contained from 21.9∼153ng/㎥.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.242-249
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• 2007

Deposition fluxes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured at the Chonbuk National University located in Jeonju between June and November 2002. Fluxes of gaseous and particulate PAHs were separately obtained using a water surface sampler (WSS) and a dry deposition plate (DDP). Most of PAHs were deposited in the gaseous form since the low molecular weight PAHs dominates in the atmosphere. The deposition velocity of particulate PAHs was higher than that of gaseous PAHs when the molecular weight was low, but substantially decreased as the fine particle fraction increased with molecular weight. The deposition velocity was generally higher at high wind speeds. However, increase in the deposition velocity in unstable atmospheric conditions was also observed for gaseous PAHs of intermediate molecular weight.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.543-549
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• 2004

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in sediments of Kwangyang bay on Korea, have been investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometery (GC/MS). The average content of total PAHs in all samples was 2,211ppb, and the range was from 36 to 22,699ppb. The higher concentrations were found in sediment sampled near Kwangyang iron processing plant, Taeindo. The resulting distributions of PAHs according to the number of aromatic ring and molecular ratios of specific aromatic compounds (phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene) have been discussed in terms of sample location, origin of the organic matter. Four, five and six rings of PAHs were mainly found near to Kwangyang iron processing plant, and three and four rings near to Yeosu chemical kombinat This result typically indicated the local characteristics, depending on the origin of PAHs.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.79-80
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• 2008

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.413-425
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• 2005

The 16 priority PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) designated by US Environmental Protection Agency were analyzed for some digested sludges from wastewater treatment plants in Korea. PAHs are an important group of organic contaminants present in sewage sludge due to their persistence and toxic potential. PAHs were extracted from freeze-dried sludges using a methylene chloride-methanol (2:1) mixture in a soxhlet extractor. The extracts were cleaned-up by silica gel/alumina combination column and subsequently fed into gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) for determining PAH contents. The sum of the 16 PAHs in the sewage sludge varied from 534.8 to $5754.5 {\cal}ug/{\cal}kg$, dry wt.. In the sewage sludge, phenanthrene appears as the most abundant PAHs, followed by naphthalene, pyrene, fluoranthene. Source of the investigated sewage sludges relatively predominated pyrogenic. PAHs levels of sewage sludges in Korea appeared to be lower than those in other countries.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.333-341
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• 2017

Recently, the earth has shown the limit of environmental capacity. It is also experiencing an environmental crisis with rising energy prices and depletion of coal. Therefore, development of renewable energy is very important solution. However, waste fuel solid are renewable fuels, but they cause environmental problems. In this study, the emission characteristics of hazardous air pollutants were analyzed through measurements at the facilities using solid fuels (SRF, BIO-SRF). Analysis method of PAHs are based on the Korea Standard Methods for Examination. The analysis of PAHs showed that the concentration much higher in Naphthalene, and Benzo(a)pyrene showed at a higher concentration incertain sources. As a result of gas phase and particle phase PAHs, most of Benzo(a)pyrene appeared to be particulate. Through the results of this study will provide basic data for atmospheric environmental management.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.386-392
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• 2012

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the blood concentrations and dietary intake for 24-hour food duplicate of low level polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Design: The geometric means of the blood concentrations and dietary intake of 16 PAHs in college student candidates were simply compared with instrumental detection. Methods: The concentrations of 16 PAHs in venous blood and 24-hour food duplicates were analyzed with head-space solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results: Naphthalene, acenaphthylene, pyrene, benz(a)anthracene, chrysene, and acenaphthene among the 16 analyzed PAHs were simultaneously detected both in venous blood and 24-hour food duplicate samples. Conclusion: The main exposure source of the six PAHs is thought to be oral intake from food through low level non-occupational exposure.

• 약학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.323-328
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• 1986

This paper describes on the distribution of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in various size of atmospheric particulate matter (A.P.M.). A.P.M. in Seoul city were collected on guartz fiber filter according to particle size using an Andersen high volume air sampler from Feb. 1983 to March 1984. And 7 PAHs [benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(ghi)perylene, benzo(e) pyrene, perylene, chrysene, and pyrene] were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The concentration of A.P.M. showed spring-winter maxima and summer-autumn minia. The A.P.M. was lowest in the concentration at the 1.1~3.3$\mu\textrm{m}$ particulates, and the concentration increased as the particle size increased or decreased. But the concentrations of PAHs increased with the decrease in the particle size, and were predominant in winter. The correlations among the PAHs were high. And there fore, benzo(a)pyrene concentration could be considered as the representive of PAHs.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2002

The test of germination has been used as a good indicator to assess the toxicity of chemicals to plant. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of PAHs, anthracene and phenanthrene, on germination ratio, germination index and germination time of barley, tall fescue and alfafa. Anthracene and phenathrene induced to decrease the seedling length and increase the germination time of the experimental plants. But they did not affect the maximum germination ratio. While it was not correlated between seedling length and final germination ratio, it was shown a close relationship between seedling length and mean germination time of the plants. These results suggested that the mean of germination time and seedling growth could be useful to exmine the phyto -toxicological effect of PAHs. The mixture of anthracene and phenanthrene was examined to investigate the combined effect on seedling length; the mixture induced the reduction of seedling. This was meant that the mixture toxicity of PAHs might be not shown in the sum of each chemical toxicity.