• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.49 no.6
• /
• pp.517-520
• /
• 2005

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.245-251
• /
• 2006

The novel microsphere blending and multiple emulsion method by single process was tried to prepare sustained release microspheres which release a physiologically active substance for long periods of time. A drug was separately dissolved in each of two or more oils containing biodegradable polymers to give the primary oil phases. The primary oil phases were dispersed in single aqueous phase in succession. From the drug-dispersed solution, the organic solvent was removed to produce microspheres. The accelerated drug release from the microsphere formulation prepared by single process through the multiple emulsion method was very similar to a physical blending of separately prepared microspheres using the same polymers. But long term release was not same. In this study, leuprorelin acetate loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microsphere formulation for one-month delivery was developed by the multi-emulsion method followed by solvent extraction/evaporation method.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.80-88
• /
• 2009

Human prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), with comprehensive homology to glandular kallikrein, are representative serum biomarkers of prostate cancer. Dendritic cell (DC), which is the potent antigen-presenting cells(APC) in the immune system, can induce strong T cell responses against viruses, microbial pathogens, and tumors. Therefore, the immunization using DC loaded with tumor-associated antigens is a powerful method for inducing anti-tumor immunity. The CTP (Cytoplasmic Transduction Peptide) technology developed by Creagene which can transport attached bio-polymers like nucleic acids or proteins into the cell with high permeation efficiency. As the active forms of PAP can mediate apoptotic processing, we used multimer forms of PAP as an inactive form for antigen pulsing of DCs. In this study, multimeric forms of CTP-rhPAP was obtained according to the advanced purification process and subsequently confirmed by gel filtration chromatography, western blot and Dynamic Light Scattering. Therefore, CTP-conjugated PA multimers transduced into the cytoplasm were efficiently presented on the cell surface without any harm effect on cells via MHC class I molecules and result in induction of a large number of effector cell.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.30 no.11
• /
• pp.1012-1020
• /
• 2020

Remicade is a therapeutic biosimilar natural antibody in which the mouse variable domain has been linked to the human constant domain. It is a chimeric monoclonal antibody specific to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and has been developed for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. To investigate the biological activity of the Remicade antibody, we carried out a bioinformatics study using a protein data bank to characterize the TNF-α antigen binding mechanism of the Remicade natural antibody. Because the production of the Remicade antibody is often limited by genetic instability of the natural antibody-producing cell, we generated a Remicade single-chain variable domain fragment antibody (Remicade) in which a heavy chain variable domain (VH) is joined with a light chain variable domain (VL) by a polypeptide linker. Furthermore, Remicade was fused to a leucine zipper (RemicadeScZip) for higher production and higher antigen-binding activity than Remicade. The Remicade and Remicade ScZip were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by a Ni⁺-NTA-agarose column. As expected, the purified proteins had migrated as 28.80 kDa and 33.96 kDa in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis. The TNF-α antigen binding activity of Remicade was not observed by ELISA and western blot. In contrast, RemicadeScZip showed antigen-binding activity. Additional bio-layer interferometry analysis confirmed the antigen-binding activity of RemicadeScZip, suggesting that the leucine zipper stabilized the folding of RemicadeScZip in a denatured condition and improved the TNF-α antigenbinding activity.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.99-113
• /
• 2018

Recently, global warming has widened the habitat of mosquitoes and infection chances for mosquito-borne diseases are increasing. Flavivirus is a typical mosquito-borne virus. Flaviviruses with a relatively high frequency of infection in Asian countries include Zika, Dengue, and Japanese encephalitis viruses. Although distinctive diagnosis of flaviviruses is required because the symptoms and therapeutic method differ, there is no diagnostic method that can distinguish them accurately yet. In this study, we propose distinctive diagnosis method of flaviviruses using informations and analysis tools constructed in bioinformatic databases. The envelope protein and non-structural protein 1 which are useful protein for the immuno-diagnostics of three flaviviruses were selected. Their homology was analyzed by multiple sequence alignments and epitope candidates consisting of 10-15 amino acids were selected. Finally two epitopes were suggested to be most useful by immunogenicity analysis and 3D structure prediction. These approaches and results are expected to be great value in the distinctive diagnosis of three flaviviruses with a high frequency of infection in Asian countries.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.52 no.3
• /
• pp.172-180
• /
• 2020

This study investigated retrospectively the correlation between the results of the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and a routine blood test using a hospital information system. The NT-proBNP is involved in the pathophysiology of heart failure. The results show that the relationship between age and NT-proBNP was significant (P<0.01) with a positive correlation (r=0.163). The peptide concentration showed a negative correlation between the total protein (r=-0.250) and albumin (r=-0.270), and a negative correlation between the erythrocyte count and hemoglobin and hematocrit (P<0.01). NT-proBNP had a positive correlation with neutrophils (r=0.227) and a negative correlation with lymphocytes (r=-0.236), showing significant results (P<0.01). NT-proBNP and creatinine showed a positive correlation (r=0.594, P<0.01), and it was the most influential factor according to multiple regression analysis (B=0.53, t=7.65). P<0.01). The concentrations of NT-proBNP and uric acid showed a positive correlation (r=0.180, P<0.05). Lactate dehydrogenase was observed as a factor affecting the NT-proBNP (B=0.20, t=3.28, P<0.01). This explanatory power had an influence of 43%. Therefore, the accurate test and related factors of the NT-proBNP have significant clinical value.