• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.27-71
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• 2010

Scientific creativity is defined as the production of novel scientific facts, methods, theories, explanations, and instruments, as well as the entire process by which these novel facts, theories, explanations and instruments are generated. There have been many studies on scientific creativity, but there were few studies on the scientific creativity of a research team collaborating in laboratory settings. This paper aims to find the elements that constitute the creativity of a laboratory through empirical participant observation and theoretical analysis of RNA Biology Lab in Seoul National University - a lab which is considered to be the most creative laboratory in Korea. Creative accomplishments demand not just a sudden inspiration but also a complicated and continuous evolutionary process which requires a systematic division of labor and a corporation between researchers who have diverse knowledges and capabilities. Also, this paper shows that laboratory culture and leadership are an important factor for vitalizing the corporative structure of the laboratory.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.332.1-332.1
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• 2014

정보통신 기술의 발전으로 지능형 자동차와 같은 미래형 고부가 가치 자동차 산업은 지속적인 성장이 기대된다. 그리고, 안전과 직결되는 차간 거리 계측은 다양한 종류의 센서에 의해 측정이 되고 있으며, 운전자 및 탑승자의 생명을 보호하고 있다. 다양한 차간 거리센서 중에서도 전방의 물체 인식 및 넓은 영역, 장거리에 대한 센싱은 레이저를 이용하여 구현할 수 있다. 본 논문은 자동차 뿐만 아니라, 지능형 자율 주행시 전방의 물체 인식 및 거리 계측 센서로 적용이 가능한 반도체 레이저의 설계 및 제작에 관해 소개한다. 반도체 레이저는 물질에 따라 각각 다른 파장대역의 광을 조사하고 있으며 이 레이저 빔은 물체에 맞고 부딪히면 반사되어 되돌아 오는 특성을 가지고 있다. 따라서, 펄스 구동에 의해 단위 펄스당 출사되는 레이저는 전방 물체에 부딪혀 되돌아 오는 시간을 구하게 되면 레이저 광원에서 물체까지의 거리를 구할 수가 있게 된다. 여기서 펄스 레이저의 출력은 물체 감지가 가능한 거리의 정보를 가지고 있으며, 펄스로 구동될 때 반복 주파수 및 펄스 폭은 각각 거리계측 시간과 분해능을 결정하는 주요 요소가 된다. 따라서, 장거리 물체의 계측과 물체 식별 능력을 높이기 위해서는 반도체 레이저의 출력을 높이고 펄스폭을 줄여서 분해능을 향상하는 것이 필요하다. 또한, 물체 인식 또는 계측 시간을 빠르게 하기 위해서는 고속 주파수로 동작하게 되면 가능해 질 것이다. 본 논문은 1,550 nm 대역의 반도체 레이저를 제작하여 펄스 구동으로 출력과 펄스폭을 측정하였다. 또한, 보다 높은 전류에서 칩 단면의 열화를 방지하기 위한 기술을 적용하여 설계 및 제작된 레이저의 특성을 측정하여 향후, 지능형 자동차의 레이저 레이다(LIDAR)와 같은 응용분야에 많이 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2009

Categorization in a vital means for dealing with the multitudes of entities in the world surrounding people. Among others, the perceptual and the evaluative similarities factors strongly affect categorization. The conventional SD-type procedure are insufficient in this regard, since it requires an individual subject to make isolated judgments about each stimulus to identify categorization in terms of a group tendency. It disregards the individual categorization in which the similarities are of great importance. Thus in this study the phased emotional evaluation method is suggested based on the intuitive categorization of stimuli and on the similarity judgement of representative/ non-representative case in each category. To verify the effectiveness of the suggested evaluation method the scanned jewelry images are selected as test stimuli for emotional evaluation experiment. As a result of the evaluation experiment, the conventional SD-type procedure is complemented by the emotional evaluation method in phases of the task of intuitive categorization, the selection of the representative images and the setup of the evaluation score of the representative images to internally supplied anchors of evaluating non-representative images.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.263-287
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• 2013

This study aims to analyse whether outward foreign direct investment(FDI) by Korean manufacturers has a positive or negative effect on the nation's exports and imports. It provides a comprehensive analysis using both micro and macro approaches to overcome the limitations of the previous studies. In its micro-analysis, this study analyzed the impact of the outstanding outward FDI stock and other related factors on net export/import creation using panel data of 589 overseas affiliates of Korean manufacturers during the period of 2006 to 2011. And in the macro-analysis, the study analyzed the impact of outward FDI on exports using panel data of 23 manufacturing sectors during the period of 2000 to 2011. As a result of empirical study, contrary to the results of most previous studies, Korea's export can be negatively affected when it's manufacturing companies increase their outward FDI and localize their overseas businesses.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.323-336
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• 2020

Owing to climate change, the annual precipitation in Korea has increased since the 20th century, and it is projected to continue increasing in the future. This trend of increasing precipitation will raise the possibility of floods; hence, it is necessary to establish national adaptation plans for floods, based on a reasonable flood risk assessment. Therefore, this study focuses on developing a framework that can assess the flood risk across the country, as well as computing the flood risk index (FRI). The framework, which is based on IPCC AR5, is established as a combination of three indicators: hazard, exposure, and capacity. A data-based approach was used, and the weights of each component were assigned to improve the validity of the FRI. A Spearman correlation analysis between the FRI and flood damage verified that the index was capable of assessing potential flood damage. When predicting scenarios for future assessment using the HadGEM3-RA based on RCP 4.5 and 8.5, the flood risk tends to be lower in the early and mid-21st century, and it becomes higher at the end of the 21st century as compared with the present.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.615-626
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• 2013

In this study, spatial patterns of the urban flood vulnerability index in Seoul are examined by considering climate exposure, sensitivity, and adaptability associated with floodings for recent 5 year (2006~2010) period by the smallest administrative unit called Dong. According to the results of correlation analyses based on the IPCC(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)'s vulnerability model, among many variables associated with urban flooding, rainwater tank capacity, 1-day maximum precipitation and flood pumping station capacity have statistically-significant, and relatively-high correlations with the number of flood damage in Seoul. The flood vulnerability map demonstrates that the extensive areas along Anyang and Joongnang streams show relatively high flood vulnerability in Seoul due to high sensitivity. Especially in case of Joongnang stream areas, climatic factors also contribute to the increase of flood vulnerability. At local scales, several Dong areas in Gangdong-gu and Songpa-gu also show high flood vulnerability due to low adaptability, while those in Gangnam-gu do due to high sensibility and climate factor such as extreme rainfall events. These results derived from the flood vulnerability map by Dong unit can be utilized as primary data in establishing the adaptation, management and proactive policies for flooding prevention within the urban areas in more detail.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.280-294
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of social capital characteristics, socio-demographic characteristics, physical condition, and health behavior characteristics on health-related quality of life of the elderly in Korea. Methods: T-test, one-way ANOVA, and regression analysis were performed by applying a complex sample design to 57.787 people aged 65 and over using the 2019 Community Health Survey. Results: First, as a result of complex-sample T-test and ANOVA analysis, it was found that there were differences in health-related quality of life according to social capital characteristics, physical condition & health behavior characteristics, and socio-demographic characteristics. Complex Sample Regression Analysis Results, the explanatory power of the model was 28%. When living in the metropolitan area, living in an apartment building, having a spouse, having a higher household income, economic activity, higher educational attainment, increase sleeping time, walking time, frequent binge drinking, health checkup, networking, trust, and social participation showed higher health-related quality of life. When people were older, their gender was female, higher BMI, number of chronic diseases, and severe stress that showed lower health-related quality of life. Conclusions: It was proved that the factors affecting the health-related quality of life of the elderly are not only physical condition and health behavior factors, but also social capital and socio-demographic characteristics. It was found that the role as a member was important.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.1009-1016
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• 2016

In this study, an educational program was developed. The program can perform the claim for examination of medical expense, which is one of NCS Competence Unit Elements for hospital administration. Considering various coding to complex compute and process, VB.Net was employed for this development. For database, ACCESS Database was used because it is easy to learn and use. The learning effects by the developed program are expected to be as follows. First, the composition of medical expense can be understood by analyzing Medical history and then selecting insurance code according to the Standard of Medical Care Code. Second, unit cost per score can be learned according to hospital class. Third, selection of Column (medical materials) and Column II(medical practice) can classify items of additional ratio. Fourth, because patient's payment rate on hospitalization and meal expense and use of special equipment are differently applied, user can know patient's payment rate by type and can calculate it. Fifth, additional amount is the amount calculated by additional ratio of Column II(medical practice), and user can learn additional ratio according by insurance type and hospital class. Sixth, user can learn self-pay rate by hospital class and understand the process that self-pay amount and claim amount are calculated according by self-pay rate.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.538-538
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• 2015

농업가뭄에 대한 연구는 주로 가뭄지표의 개선과 제안 등에 초점이 맞추어져 있으며 관개기의 강수량에 중점을 둔 사례가 대부분이다. 그러나 대부분의 논 관개용수는 저수지를 통하여 공급되기 때문에 관개가 시작되는 4월 초순의 저수량은 상당히 중요한 가뭄 대응 요소이다. 이에 따라 가뭄에 대비하기 위해서는 관개가 종료되는 10월부터 이듬해 3월까지 충분한 저수량이 확보될 필요가 있다. 그러나 기후변화에 의해 대부분의 강우가 관개기에 집중될 수 있으며 이에 따라 미래에는 비관개기 동안 충분한 저수량을 확보하는데 어려움이 발생할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 기후변화에 따른 비관개기의 강수량을 확률기반으로 분석하고, 이를 관개기 필요저수량과 비교하여 저수지의 미래 가뭄 대응 능력을 분석하고자 하였다. 기후변화에 따른 비관개기의 강수량 변화를 분석하기 위하여 RCP(Representative Concentration Pathways) 시나리오를 적용하여 미래 비관개기 동안의 연도별 비관개기 누적강수량을 분석하였다. 과거와 미래시기를 30년 단위로 구분하여 1995s, 2025s, 2055s, 2085s의 비관개기 동안의 비초과확률 10%, 50%, 90%의 강수량을 분석하였다. RCP 4.5 시나리오를 기반으로 모의한 미래강우의 비초과확률 10% 누적강수량 산정 결과에 따르면 주요 곡창지대인 전라남북도는 1995s에는 10월부터 이듬해 3월까지의 누적강수량이 약 215mm 정도로 나타났으나 2025s에는 약 150mm로 줄어드는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 비초과확률 10%의 강우가 내릴 경우 비관개기 동안에 충분한 저수량의 확보가 어렵게 되고 관개기의 심각한 가뭄을 초래할 수 있었다. 비관개기 누적강수량과 저수량변화의 관개를 모의한 개운저수지와 계룡저수지의 경우 그 관계식은 y=1.442x-198.81, y=5.8105x-752.92와 같이 나타났다. y는 비관개기의 저수량변화를 나타낸 것이고 x는 비관개기의 누적강우량을 나타낸 것이다. 식을 통해 향후 100년 중 비초과확률 10%의 강수를 가정한다면 개운저수지는 관개종료시점의 저수율이 최소 96.93% 이상이여야 다음해 관개시작시점의 저수위가 만수위가 될 수 있었고, 계룡 저수지는 최소 86.84%의 저수위를 만족해야 다음해 관개시작시점의 저수위가 만수위가 될 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.46-55
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• 2021

Concrete structures can cause various problems as the number of common years increases when exposed to external extreme climate conditions. Among these problems, freezing and thawing occur due to the action of extreme climate factors such as heavy rain and heavy snow, which have become the most problematic in recent years. In this study, we present a rapid freezing and thawing test method of concrete in the air, referring to KS F 2456, as Seoul exhibits very dry weather during the period of freezing and thawing. Concrete test specimens and RC beams were fabricated to perform rapid freezing and thawing of 0, 100, 200, and 300 cycles, and the performance evaluation confirmed the degradation of each subject in material and member units. The design strength of 24 MPa, which performs rapid freezing and thawing in the air up to 300 cycles, decreases by 5.24 MPa (21%), and as rapid freezing and thawing in the air increases the stress burden on reinforced concrete bending members, reducing the energy absorption (dissipation) ability of structures due to earthquakes.