• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.264-273
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• 2013

Purpose: This study is to explore the relationships among spirituality, death anxiety and burnout level of nurses caring for cancer patients. Methods: Participants were 210 nurses from a cancer hospital in Seoul. Data were collected from April until June 2012 and analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe's test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The mean score for spirituality was 3.51 out of six. Among sub-categories, the one that scored the highest was the purpose and meaning of life, followed by unifying interconnectedness, inner resources and transcendence. The mean score for death anxiety was 3.22, and the sub-categories in the order of high score were denial of death, awareness of the shortness of time, pure death anxiety and fear of matters related to death. For the burnout, the mean was 4.10. Among sub-categories, highest mark was found with emotional exhaustion, followed by depersonalization and personal accomplishment. The spirituality level was negatively correlated with those of death anxiety and burnout. Death anxiety was positively correlated with burnout levels. Nurses with the higher spirituality level also had a higher level of education and experience of spiritual education, believed in the existence of God. In contrast, death anxiety and burnout levels were higher among those with a lower level of education, atheists, and for those who answered that religion has little influence on life. Conclusion: Thus, it is necessary to provide spiritual interventions for nurses who care for cancer patients to develop their spirituality, reduce death anxiety and prevent them from burning out easily.

• School Mathematics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.749-771
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze mathematical tasks of Korea and the USA textbooks focused on conditions for parallelograms. In this study, structures of task, types of proof and reasoning, and levels of cognitive demand are investigated. The conclusion is as follows: First, with respect to structures of task, structures presented in the USA textbooks are more diverse. Second, with respect to types of proof and reasoning, Korea and the USA prefer IC task and DA task. And task types presented in the USA textbooks are more diverse. Third, with respect to levels of cognitive demand, in both Korea and the USA textbooks, PNC task and PWC task account most. And compared to the USA, Korea prefer algorithms. In addition, we find out implications for reconstruction of Korea textbook. It is as follows: First, with respect to structures of task and types of proof and reasoning, the diversity of composition needs to be raised. Second, with respect to levels of cognitive demand, the concentration in PNC task needs to be declined. And levels of cognitive demand on types of tasks need to be reconsidered. Third, with respect to tasks' topic and material, internal and external connectivities of mathematics need to be strengthened.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1073-1097
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• 2014

The working concept of the disadvantaged gifted is meant by those who hardly can have a chance to develop one's own gifts because of the environmental conditions and factors. The main purpose of this study is to explore the inherent trait of the music giftedness, which is composed of musical ability, creativity, and task commitment. Grounded upon the phenomenal research, this study purposefully samples ten disadvantaged students who participated in the arts gifted camp hosted by Korean National Research Institute for the Gifted in Arts. Thus, it explores the inherent traits of the disadvantaged gifted by coding, segmenting, and analyzing the interview with ten disadvantaged, and the evaluation reports of the expert group. The inherent trait of music giftedness of the disadvantaged gifted is shown as this: the inherent trait of the disadvantaged gifted in music is closely interrelated with one's own concept of giftedness. Whereas they show the high motivation and task commitment, they are hardly observed to have the creativity in their musical activities and learning. Finally, this study give a proposition for the strategy to stimulate and improve the inherent trait of the disadvantaged gifted in music: the importance of parents education and parent screening, meta-cognitive skills, the leaning-based creativity education, and the significant role of intrapersonal catalyst.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.289-312
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to develop academic resilience scale for gifted youth. We extracted the pilot questionnaire of 101 items from open-ended questions with 178 scientifically gifted students and literature review. Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were also carried out with data of 240 gifted youth. Finally, 11 factors from which 42 items were extracted and validated through the confirmatory factor analysis involving 444 gifted youth throughout the nation. The names of the extracted factors were sense of purpose, self-understanding, educational aspirations, academic self-regulation, task commitment, attribution for success (ability), attribution for success (effort), the interpersonal relationship (friend), the interpersonal relationship (parent), the interpersonal relationship(teacher), and optimism. The results show that all of the path coefficient and construct reliability, AVE (Average Variance Extracted), and coefficient of determination were all acceptable. The result of the study indicated that Academic Resilience Scale for Gifted Youth was positively and significantly correlated with School Adaptation Scale and Resilience Scale. However it was negatively correlated with Academic Burnout Scale, and it was statistically significant. Thus, Academic Resilience Scale for Gifted Youth demonstrated satisfactory internal validity and external validity. The results of the present study suggests theoretical and practical implications of the newly developed Academic Resilience Scale for Gifted Youth.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.215-223
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• 2012

This study was aimed to find factors responsible for export potential of oyster mushroom through postharvest treatments including high pressure $CO_2$ and anti-moisture pad. Temperature fluctuation during export simulation induced the condensation of excess moisture resulting in the quality loss due to browning and decay. Anti-moisture pad was effective on inhibition of browning occurrence in part. High temperature exposure ($15^{\circ}C$) as retail simulation greatly offset the positive effect of anti-moisture pad. Short term treatment of high pressure $CO_2$ delayed the surface color changes as hunter L, a, and b values. There was no consistent tendency in total sugar and phenolics between treatments. In general, the export potential of small size mush-room (export size) at harvest was higher than large ones (domestic size). The major factors asso-ciated with the quality decrease of oyster mushroom during export were moisture condensation in packages and temperature fluctuation. Further research is required to improve mushroom export procedures.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.69-81
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to develop a Yonsei dual task cognitive screening test (Y-DuCog) for the elderly. Methods : The reliability and validity test of Y-DuCog (Yonsei Dual Task Cognitive Screening Test) was developed by 229 elderly people aged over 60 years from community organizations at Gyeonggi-do and Chungcheong-do from May 2019 to August 2019. In addition, the criteria for classifying elderly with cognitive impairment were presented. Results : The correlation analysis between MMSE-K, MoCA-K and Y-DuCog were a correlation between the DTE and CRR of Y-DuCog. As a result of internal consistency, Cronbach's-α values of DTE and CRR showed .848 (p<.01) and .916 (p<.01), respectively. The test-retest reliability was high. The screening point showed 88.7% sensitivity and 83.5% specificity at 31.76 seconds in total DTE, and 84.5% sensitivity and 76.6% specificity at 0.38 in total dual-task CRR. Conclusion : This study verified the reliability and validity of Y-DuCog. It was found that the level of education was not a barrier to the undertaking of this test. Furthermore, the test could be performed easily and quickly. It is also expected to be used to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive function assessment and intervention methods in the elderly.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.55-70
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• 2016

It has been suggested that few studies were completed on psychological aspect of coffee drinking behavior though coffee researches have been mainly focused on marketing or business purposes. In this study, fifteen university students were participated to a group interview for concept mapping analysis asking about their meaning and purpose of coffee drinking behavior. Sixty nine statements were extracted from the interview, and categorized into seven clusters using multi dimensional scaling analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. Seven clusters were Personal method of getting the desired physical effect, As a method of social activities, Method to get psychological consolation, Drink for spending time and using space, Habitual drink and use of caffeine's effect, Enjoying coffee's various characteristic and attraction, and Enjoying coffee's various characteristic and attraction. Two factors were identified based on these clusters such as internal-external motivation to drink coffee and emotional-physical effect of coffee. Participants ranked their priority of those clusters; the cluster of "Drink for spending time and using space" was first ranked. Limitations and suggestions for future research were also discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.231-242
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects empowerment has on a lifelong educator's job satisfaction and organizational commitment. This study was implemented to amass and analyze the data from 160 Daejeon district's lifelong educators using SPSS 20.0. The statistical analysis was conducted with the following measures: frequency analysis for demographic characteristics, descriptive analysis, factor analysis with Varimax rotation for the validity of the measured variables, Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the reliability of the internal consistency between the variables, and Pearson's correlation coefficient to confirm the relevance between the variables. Our hypothesis was then verified through regression analysis. Our research results showed that, first, the level of empowerment differed depending on such factors as gender, age, education level, employee type, work hours, and monthly income. Second, empowerment was shown to have a significant influence on job satisfaction, where higher empowerment levels led to higher job satisfaction. Third, empowerment was a significant factor in increasing organizational commitment, as higher empowerment levels led to higher commitment. Therefore, this study reflected on the concept that empowerment was needed by lifelong educators, thus showing that enhancing job satisfaction and organizational commitment by developing the personal abilities of a lifelong institution educator is favorable to the institution's development and success.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.3363-3372
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• 2009

Continued jobless growth in economy, coupled with the current economic recession, is aggravating the situation of job market. In order to create more jobs and reduce the economic gap in a society, an independent creative firm of a sole entrepreneurs is suggested as an alternative mean. Understanding entrepreneurial motivations of a sole entrepreneur will be helpful in developing educational programs on starting an independent creative firm and in establishing a relevant government policy. This study, therefore, proposes a new model on entrepreneurial motivations in the independent creative firm and performs case study. The results of the study show that the personal environment and the personal characteristics of entrepreneurs have much effects on motivation of starting the independent creative firms. Among the personal environments, entrepreneurs' educational backgrounds, work experiences, and personal networks have great influences on entrepreneurial motivations. The processes of sustained entrepreneurship involve: (a) the determination of business ideas and goals, (b) the inception of a new business and managerial activities, (c) the entrepreneur's assessment of both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards of business performances, and (d) the adjustment of business ideas and goals in accordance with the results of the assessment. The results of the study could be applied in developing educational programs and consulting guidelines on independent creative firms and in establishing government's supportive policies on the firm.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.4863-4873
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• 2014

The Korean construction industry has played a major role among all industries despite its relative small ratio of all. The global economic crisis, however, has adversely affected the construction industry. Therefore, the Korean government implemented a corporate restructuring process to ensure the stability of the financial market. The selection standard on workout enterprises by the government is based on two perspectives: (1) external factors, including macroeconomic indices and (2) internal factors, including financial statements of private enterprises. On the other hand, if considering the characteristics of the construction industry, a certain construction company may not be evaluated only by its financial statements. In other words, a valuation process that utilizes the financial statements only can be concluded to be irrational. Accordingly, this study aims to provide the valuation model, which embraces the characteristics of workout firms, and determines their implications. To accomplish this, each enterprise valuation was measured using DCF and Black Scholes models, and by comparing such results with their market value, each enterprise was determined to be either under or over-valued. The results of this study verified that the valuations of 2 workout companies (out of 4) showed a higher value than the market value.