• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2020.07a
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• pp.383-384
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• 2020

다중 이용시설, 학교, 주택 등 사람이 많이 이용하는 곳은 화재 발생 빈도가 높을 뿐만 아니라 대피하기가 어렵고, 기존의 비상등 표시 방법, 일회성 대피 안내 등으로 인해 화재 상황의 다양한 변수에 효과적으로 대처하기 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 디지털 트윈(Digital Twin) 기술을 기반으로 다양한 센서를 통해 인식된 화재 요소를 반영한 화재 대응 및 피난 시뮬레이션(Fire Dynamic Simulator & Pathfinder)을 통해 안전한 대피 경로를 도출하여 안내하는 시스템을 설계한다. 제시하는 방법은 화재 상황에 능동적으로 대처하기 위해 실시간 인원변동 및 변화하는 화재변수에 대비 할 수 있으며, 상황에 따른 적극적인 대피 훈련과 실제 상황에서의 긴급한 상황에서의 대피경로 도출과 안내에 활용할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.262-275
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• 2003

In this study, the characteristics of locational distribution of the eminent people show their socially and economically stabilized standing in Daegu, taking the aforesaid situation as a background of the study, and the process of this study is as follows ; to examine the forming process of residential areas in the city as a theoretical supporting, to put in order on classical interpretation to formation of residential areas, and general type modem residential areas formation, and economic decision factor of land use. Therefore, this study aims to examine growth and development of eminent persons' residential areas and, at the same time, extract locational characteristics through the pattern of eminent persons' location and predict changes in the future. Furthermore, a long-term development plan of Daegu is expected to contribute to completing formation of sub-centers as well as expanding metropolis areas. Recent efforts by the city government such as the ones to attract prestigious high schools in the upper city areas are also expected to bring out balanced development of the city.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.192-217
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• 2001

Object：This study was carried out to classify adolescents in runaway shelters by evaluating their psychopathology. And the ultimate purpose is to offer basic data for preventing adolescents‘ runaway and for diversifying runaway shelters suitable for the problem of individual adolescent. Method：128 adolescents who stay in the runaway shelters were asked to complete self-report qeustionnaires including basic sociodemographic data, Child Behavior Check List(CBCL), Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMPI), and Symptom Check List-90-Revised(SCL-90-R). Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale(K-WAIS)[or Korean Educational Developmental Institute-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(KEDI-WISC)] and Bender-Gestalt test(BGT) were also done by clinical psychologists. Results：The most common age of the subjects were 15-year-old, and they dropped out their schools in the middle school most commonly. Mostly they were from middle class family and their parents' educational level were high school graduates. The first runaway episode was most common in the middleschool period, and their runaways were repeated. The most common frequency of runaways were more than 10 times. About 10% of them abused drugs and about 80% of them abused alcohol. One third of them had experiences of illegal problems and 10% of them engaged in sexual activity for money. 95 adolescents(83%) in CBCL, 42 adolescents(36%) in SCL-90-R, and 70 adolescents(69.3%) in MMPI showed clinical significance. In intelligence test, 22 adolescents(22%) were mentally retarded. In BGT, 35 adolescents(39.4%) manifested brain dysfunction signs. Conclusion：Runaway adolescents in the shelters have variable and severe psychopathology. Their psychopathology is classified as follows；The behavior disorder group, the mood disorder group with anxiety/depression, the somatic disorder group with somatic symptoms, and the psychosis group with possibility of severe psychopathology. Therefore it is very important to evaluate psychiatric problems of runaway adolescents, and specific therapeutic interventions according to their problems are required.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.861-869
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the purchasing status and to compare supplier performance evaluations between competitive bidding and negotiated contracts in school foodservice in Changwon, Korea. A total of 190 questionnaires were distributed and 167 (return rate 87.9%) were collected from June 29 to September 28, 2010, and then a total of 151 (analysis rate 79.5%) were used for the final analysis. First, 91.4% of food product purchases for school meals were contracted through competitive bidding, especially limited competitive bidding. It mainly consisted of agricultural products, processed food, and eco-friendly agricultural products (fruit). Second, 78.8% of schools purchased food products by negotiated contracts, while single negotiation accounted for 59.7%. Food products by negotiated contract consisted of meat, kimchi, and fish. Third, the purchase status of competitive bidding and negotiated contracts showed a significant difference in agricultural products (p<0.001), fish (p<0.001), meats (p<0.001), poultry (p<0.001), antibiotic-free poultry (p<0.001), eco-friendly grain (p<0.001), eco-friendly agricultural products (fruit) (p<0.001), eco-friendly processed food (p<0.001), processed products (p<0.001), milk (p<0.001) and general grain (p<0.001) except for kimchi. Fourth, comparative analysis of supplier performance evaluation (on a 5-point Likert scale) of school foodservice showed that price of product of competitive bidding (3.73) was significantly higher than that of negotiated contract (2.95) (p<0.001), and the overall performance level of the negotiated contract (3.85) was significantly higher than that of competitive bidding (3.61) (p<0.01). The supplier performance evaluation levels of product packaging (p<0.01), product quality at the time of delivery (p<0.001), hygiene of products (p<0.001), consistency to specification (p<0.001), swiftness of return and exchange (p<0.001), emergency delivery (p<0.001), service of delivery staff (p<0.05), and handling of complaints (p<0.001) of negotiated contracts were significantly higher than those of competitive bidding of school foodservice. In conclusion, school foodservice selected food suppliers both by adopting competitive bidding and negotiated contracts. And there was a significant difference of school foodservice supplier performance between competitive bidding and negotiated contracts in Changwon, Korea.

• Archives of design research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.31-40
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• 1999

Because of the oocIear family due to the rapid industrialization and the growth of husband and wife bah working, the base of the tradition that the parents, all of the famly or the hamet oonmunity bring up the infants together in the important time to the infarts has been collapsed in Korea. Because working mothers camot bring up their children by themselves they got stressed and housewives do not have the oonfidence in rearing their infants and the fathers are isolated from home and the chikten instead of being exempted from the responsibility of rearing children. Therefore the common and comprehensive rearing system should be made for solving the child-rearing problem. For solving these problems and for the desirable infant-rearing and education, the joint irlart rearing, whidl compensates for the life, education and furthermore the sdlool edJcation through the volur1ary participation, has been prepared altematively. Compared to the traditional rearing system, joint infant-rearing is not only operated by the residents with the dues paid by the union members but also makes children experience the life force of natu"e in themselves. So the preparation of the standard of the suitable environment design for the joint infant-rearing is required which is diffrent from the traditional standard of the environmertal facilities for the traditional rearing system. The concept of joint infant-rearing was defind in this study through the reference and the ooncept of infant edJcation which is in operation suocessfully in Italy and Sweden in order to understand how the ooncept of infant education has changed as the ages have dlanged. And the basic principals for the formation of physical envirorvnert and the spare design and the envirorYnertal oondition for the practical environmental design was also studied through the reference. And after study about the concept. figure and physical environmental suggestion, the concept, standard and element of joint infant-rearing environment design was suggested. And as the final conclusion, the design requirement of the envirorvnertal design for the joint infant-rearing was suggested.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.200-210
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• 2020

The maintenance of educational facilities was assembled in 12 project classifications of the Educational Improvement Program. The priorities were decided by the evaluation scores derived from the condition investigation, and maintenance works were budgeted in the order of priorities. These priorities were a schedule for conducting maintenance and an important criterion for obtaining a construction order. Several restrictions in the condition investigation exist, which derives budgets and conducts maintenance separately based on the priorities. An educational facility manager has a restriction in quantity take-off, which results in an incorrect budget. Discomfort would occur in an educational environment, and a period of infringing safety would increase. This study proposes applying a BIM in the condition investigation and the planning framework for work-type packaging. A BIM supports a budget calculation and derives evaluation scores by linking a repair and an inspection result. The work-type packaging algorithm divides a budget allocation range and derives the result of a grouped work-types applied in an equivalent space and element. As a result of applying cases, it could shorten the duration by approximately 37.4%. Its usability in selecting a grouped work-type was evaluated through an assessment with workers.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2005

Objectives: Hypertension is the most important risk factors for the cerebrovascular diseases, and also for coronary heart diseases, it is therefore very important that the people have a knowledge on nature of hypertension and it's high risk in order to prevent and detect the hypertension as early as possible. Methods: This study was done to find out the knowledge on hypertension of 434 parents of elementary school students from Kimjae city, Jonbuk province, they were parents in grade 4, 5 and 6 attending two elementary schools. The survey took 10 days from November 20 to November 30, 2003. Results: first, The highest correct answer(94.5%) was "obesity is risk factors for hypertension", followed by "hypertension is closely related with hereditary factors(91.0%) and "high sodium intake is associated with high blood pressure"(85.7%). The lowest correct answer(77.4%) was the classification of blood pressure level between normal and high. Second, Rate of blood pressure measurement for fathers was 53.7% and 54.8% in mothers. Awareness of own blood pressure by fathers was 84.1 %, while 91.1% by mothers. Third, According to blood pressure level reported by parents, fathers with normal blood pressure was 59.2%, high normal blood pressure was 12.2%, while hypertension was 28.6%. It revealed that prevalence of hypertension of fathers was higher than mother (normal: 74.5%, high normal: 7.7%, hypertension: 18.2%). Conclusions: From the results of this study, it is important to strengthen the health education about hypertension for community people and also school students.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.28-36
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• 2020

Sustainable appropriate technology requires user-centered design with consideration of the political, cultural and environmental aspects of the area. However, in the preparation of appropriate technology, there is a limit to the prior grasp of the user's intention and experience leading to the actual behavior of the user after the dissemination. As a result, appropriate technologies are often inconvenient for practical use or used for other purposes, contrary to the designer's intention. This study analyzes the case of appropriate technology with an analysis framework that reflects Maier's affordance theory, and proposes a design solution that can overcome the limitations of existing design. Affordance theory is the theory of factors that cause the user to identify and use features through interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience about things. The analysis cases in this study are the interviews with the designers, management education materials, and manager interviews for water purification systems at three of six schools in Binh Dinh Province, Vietnam, from August 2015 to January 2018. The case was attempted to be improved by periodic installation, maintenance, and inspection, but similar problems continued to occur. First, the facility inspections and manager interviews are compared with manager training materials distributed at the time of installation to find inconsistencies. Next, we analyze the designer's intended affordance and the affordances that actually influenced the management behavior. And then, we propose design solutions based on commonly found problems and affordances. This study suggests that it is necessary to apply the design considering the user's behavior before distributing the appropriate technology, and this study will be precedent in the process of finding the improvement through the analysis framework based on the affordance.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.78-86
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• 2014

Modular system is a construction method which installs factory-manufactured units on site. It enables to reduce the duration and improve the quality of the construction. Nevertheless, the unit modular system is restrictively applied to domestic market such as barracks, education facilities, low-rise housing. To motivate the application of unit modular system, this study figures out important attributes of the unit modular system in a domestic construction market. Finally this study suggest marketing strategies and influential factors by Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA) based on those attributes focusing on the apartment housing. As a result, Unit modular System in the domestic market has strength on constructability, but it show weakness on usability and economic aspects which are more important in apartment housing market. Thus an improved technology in usability and economic aspects are required to activate the market.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.58-72
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• 2018

Ganghwa has met a new development period in land use and infrastructure based on the 4th National Development Planning, however the public transportation system is not systematically operated yet. This paper analyzes the bus trip pattern in Ganghwa using transportation card data during a week. The result indicates that average 7,100 people use buses a day and the most frequent use occurred in Friday. Clear peak-hours between 7 and 8 A.M. and between 4 and 5 P.M. were appeared due to commuting and school trips. According the result of regression analysis, population and the number of hospitals and schools area showed positive relationships with but trips reflecting regional characteristics. The research contributes to providing basic data for constructing an efficient public transportation system in the future.