• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.139-148
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• 2018

Assessment of NPP(Nuclear Power Plant) decommissioning cost is very important for safe decommissioning of nuclear power plants. In the United States, which has the most NPP decommissioning experience, the cost evaluation study has been conducted since the 1970s in order to decommissioning nuclear facilities. The US NRC has conducted studies on decommissioning technology, safety and cost for a variety of reactor type and nuclear installations. In the total decommissioning costs, the end of operation licenses accounted for the largest portion, followed by spent fuel management and site restoration. In case of immediate decommissioning, spent fuel management cost increased compared to delayed decommissioning, and delayed deocmmissioning increased the cost of terminating the operation license. However, in general, delayed decommissioning does not show any significant benefit as compared with immediate decommissioning. It is necessary to consider the evaluation according to the site conditions when evaluating the cost of decommissioning domestic nuclear power plants. Also, in Korea, IAEA recommendations were applied to reorganize the radioactive waste classification system. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method to appropriately use the decommissioning data of the preceding US Nuclear Power Plant in the new classification system when estimating the amount of radioactive waste generated during decommissioning. In particular, the establishment of the evaluation methodology for the waste to be disposed of will be an important factor in securing the accuracy of the decommissioning cost. In addition, it is necessary to construct information data that can be applied to facility characteristics and work characteristics in order to evaluate the cost of demolition of domestic nuclear power plants.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.728-736
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• 2015

Cronobacter species (Cronobacter spp.), previously known as Enterobacter sakazakii, are gram negative food borne pathogenic bacteria. They pose a very high risk of infection to neonates and immuno-compromised individuals and can affect the human central nervous system. Consequently, survivors often suffer from severe neurological impairment including hydrocephalus, quadriplegia, and developmental delays. Cronobacter spp. were not only isolated from plant food and products such as cereals, fruits, vegetables, legume products, herbs, and spices but also from animal source foods such as milk, meat, fish, and products made from these foods. Therefore, rapid detection of Cronobacter spp. is essential for food safety. Many detection methods have been developed since the Cronobacter spp. were first reported. However, the development of more rapid, sensitive, and easy-to-use detection methods for the Cronobacter spp. is required. In this review, our aim was to study and compare the available detection methods for Cronobacter spp., including culture-based, molecular biology-based, and immunology-based methods. This study will contribute to the development of new and rapid detection method for Cronobacter spp.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.55 no.7
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• pp.440-448
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• 2017

Objectives : Currently, it is being reported that new health technology (HT) is introduced and spread throughout Korea at a very fast rate. However, the current status of new HT related to dentistry has not been known or studied. Therefore, this study aims to understand the present state and awareness on dentistry-related domestic new HT via surveys and research, and thus apply this as a reference to construct an effective new HT-related system in the field of dentistry. Methods : The assessment status of New Health Technology Assessment (nHTA) committee was searched on the website for any updates on new HT5). The cases were searched in the range between Jan 1 2012 and Jul 31 2016 by submission date and were analyzed by year, division of technology, progress and major operating practitioner. Among those, technologies utilized by dentists were additionally analyzed. The survey result was obtained by combining responses of 25 participants from the workshop for new HT application and 11 members of Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (KAOMS). The workshop was co-hosted by KAOMS and Clinical Translational Research Center for Dental Science (CTRC) under Seoul National University Dental Hospital (SNUDH). Results : Most of the respondents to the survey have heard of new health technology but were unaware of the application procedure. 'Safety and effectiveness' was selected the most for things to consider when introducing new HT, followed by 'scientific evidence of the technology.' For new dental HT status, submissions between 2012 and Jul 31 2016 were analyzed by major operating practitioner, including cases where there are multiple practitioners. Yet, only 19 cases (17 %) of dentists were reported. Among 385 cases approved by nHTA, only 2 cases included dentists. Conclusions : Active publicity by the government on new HT and its application procedure, and continued interest and research in the dental and medical community is likely to be required for the development of dentistry.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.113-121
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• 2009

As one of the new areas of 'omics' technology, there is increasing interest in metabolomics, which involves the analysis of low-molecular-weight compounds in cells, tissues, and biofluids, and considers interactions within various organisms and reactions of external chemicals with those organisms. However, metabolomics research is still at a fundamental stage in Korea. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to establish a strategic long-term plan to revitalize the national metabolomics approach and obtain the elementary data necessary to determine a policy for effectively supporting metabolomics research. These investigations clarified the state of metabolomics study both in Korea and internationally, from which we attempted to find the potentiality and fields where a metabolomics approach would be applicable, such as in medical science. We also discuss strategies for developing metabolomics research. This study revealed that promoting metabolomics in Korea requires cooperation with metabolomics researchers, acquisition of advanced technology, capital investment in metabolomics approach, establishment of metabolome database, and education of metabolome analysis experts. This would reduce the gap between the national and international levels of metabolomics research, with the resulting developments in metabolomics having the potential to greatly contribute to promoting biotechnology in Korea.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.11b
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• pp.802-810
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• 2006

For a thorough train control, the precise train position detection is necessarily required. The widely used current way for train position detection is the one of using track circuits. The track circuit has a simple structure, and has a high level of reliability. However trains can be detected only on track circuits, which have to be installed on all ground sections, and much amount of cost for its installation and maintenance is needed. In addition, for the track circuit, only discontinuous position detection is possible because of the features of the closed circuit loop configuration. As the recent advances in telecommunication technologies and high-tech vehicle-based control equipments, for the train position detection, the method to detect positions directly from on trains is being studied. Vehicle-based position detection method is to estimate train positions, speed, timing data continuously, and to use them as the control information. In this paper, the features of GPS navigation and DR navigation are analyzed, and the navigation filters are designed by constructing vehicle-based train position detection method by combining GPS navigation and DR navigation for their complementary cooperation, and by using kalman filter. The position estimation performance of the proposed method is also confirmed by simulations.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.16C no.3
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• pp.285-298
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• 2009

According to the development of ubiquitous technologies, sensor networks is used in various area. In particular, medical field is one of the significant application areas using sensor networks, and recently it has come to be more important according to standardization of the body sensor networks technology. There are special characteristics of their own for medical sensor networks, which are different from the one of sensor networks for general application or environment. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical medical sensor networks structure considering own properties of medical applications, and also introduce transmission mechanism based on hierarchical structure. Our mechanism uses the priority and threshold value for medical sensor nodes considering patient's needs and health condition. Through this way Cluster head can transmit emergency data to the Base station rapidly. We also present the new key establishment mechanism based on key management mechanism which is proposed by L. Eschenauer and V. Gligor for our proposed structure and transmission mechanism. We use key provisioning for emergency nodes that have high priority based on patients' health condition. This mechanism guarantees the emergency nodes to establish the key and transmit the urgent message to the new cluster head more rapidly through preparing key establishment with key provisioning. We analyze the efficiency of our mechanism through comparing the amount of traffic and energy consumption with analysis and simulation with QualNet simulator. We also implemented our key management mechanism on TmoteSKY sensor board using TinyOS 2.0 and through this experiments we proved that the new mechanism could be actually utilized in network design.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.61
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• pp.9-38
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• 2019

As the scales & density of the Korean national infrastructures have been increased, they will be identified as rich and attractive potential targets for intensified North Korea's attack in the rear region and terrorism attack. In addition, due to changes in security environment such as drone threats and lack of security forces under the 52-hour workweek law, I think that it is the proper time point to reevaluate the effectiveness and appropriateness of the current physical protection system and its shift to a new system. In this study, the direction and improvement of the perimeter physical protection systems of the national infrastructures are to be studied from the viewpoints of its concepts of operations and design methodology, focusing on the nuclear power plant. The reason why we focus on nuclear power plants is because they cause wide-range and long-term damages caused by radioactive materials disperal and pollution, along with short-term damage caused by the interruption of electricity generation in the event of damage to nuclear power plants. With the aim of extracting improvement directions, as we will comprehensively review domestic research trends and domestic·overseas related laws, and consider Korea's specificity, we try to reframe the concept of operation - systematization, mobilization and flexibility -, and establish criteria on system change. In order to improve the technical performance of the new perimeter physical protection system, we study on high-fidelity·multi-methodology based integrated design methodology, breaking from individual silo-type design methods, and I suggest improvement of government procurement, its expansion to export business and other national infrastructure.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of intensive one-day training on Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 screening developmental coordination disorder. Methods : We provided intensive one-day training which combined lecture and practice on MABC-2 assessment tools for 33 trainees. Interrater reliability was calculated by using Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with the raw score of results scored simultaneously by experts and trainees of MABC-2. Results : The 33 female trainees with an average of five years and three months of experience and less experience using motor skill assessment tools scored raw score while watching the performance scenes of normal children. The results of the ICC between experts and training participants in MABC-2 obtained a high confidence 0.95 and above (p<.001). Conclusion : Clinicians who participated in one-day training seems to use MABC-2 effectively. Through this, one-day training seems to be effective in acquiring new motor skill assessment tools.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.39-48
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• 2021

According to International Associating for the Study of Pain (IASP) definition, neuropathic pain is a disorder characterized by dysfunction of the nervous system that, under normal conditions, mediates virulent information to the central nervous system (CNS). This pain can be divided into a disease with provable lesions in the peripheral or central nervous system and states with an incorporeal lesion of any nerves. Both conditions undergo long-term and chronic processes of change, which can eventually develop into chronic pain syndrome, that is, nervous system is inappropriately adapted and difficult to heal. However, the treatment of neuropathic pain itself is incurable from diagnosis to treatment process, and there is still a lack of notable solutions. Recently, several studies have observed the responses of CNS to harmful stimuli using image analysis technologies, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and optical imaging. These techniques have confirmed that the change in synaptic-plasticity was generated in brain regions which perceive and handle pain information. Furthermore, these techniques helped in understanding the interaction of learning mechanisms and chronic pain, including neuropathic pain. The study aims to describe recent findings that revealed the mechanisms of pathological pain and the structural and functional changes in the brain. Reflecting on the definition of chronic pain and inspecting the latest reports will help develop approaches to alleviate pain.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.30-38
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• 2022

According to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (Article 94), the flag state must fulfill its overall role to ensure maritime safety and operate the ship inspection system as a related measure. The Korean government (Ministry of Ocean and Fisheries) has implemented policies for reducing marine accidents to promote maritime safety; however, the target goal has not been achieved. The ship inspection system is a measure to prevent marine accidents, and for the effective operation of the system, a sufficient understanding of the origin of the ship inspection system is required. In this study, the trend of the international ship inspection system was identified by analyzing ship inspection system origins and the history of the system's paradigm shift. The recent international ship inspection system paradigm confirms international standardization and the active safety management of ship companies are becoming increasingly prominent. Based on this, the introduction of the 'PDCA cycle-based self-inspection system' is presented to the current domestic ship inspection system. This is a new type of inspection system that establishes the roles of interested parties based on the basic philosophy of the ISO 9000 series to improve the ef ectiveness of maritime safety. Additionally, the necessity for a non-face-to-face ship inspection system has emerged because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, the transition to a 'mobile application-based ship inspection system' is proposed to accommodate the rapid development of information communications technology.