• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.833-841
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• 2021

This study was an entertainer who was in charge of female music in the Joseon Dynasty, but the existence of gisaengs, who were recognized as'sexual partners' of the four grandfathers, and the Joseon Dynasty, when their existence was possible. I tried to reveal the social characteristics of Therefore, the research is meaningful in that it attempted to reveal the relationship between the grandfather and the gisaeng from various perspectives, and that it is possible to confirm the various social roles of the gisaeng. In the Confucian society, female musicians were not allowed to participate in Naeyeon and Chinjamrye, where women were the main pillars, so not only could the girl's music survive until the end of the Joseon Dynasty, but it was enough to reveal the existence of a professional artist. The existence of gisaengs is not irrelevant to the social background of the Joseon Dynasty, and therefore, it is impossible to define the Joseon Dynasty with the holy morality of modern society. It is believed that 『catching green onions is expected to enhance the aspect of a gisaeng as a celebrity, based on the interpretation that it is viewed from the perspective of an entertainer possessing an extraordinary and noble spirit rather than portraying the gisaeng in an erotic standard.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.37
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• pp.309-326
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• 2004

There are some methods such as fatty acid analysis and microscope analysis of parasite egg and pollen and genetic analysis of ancient bacteria from ancient soil. The fatty acid analysis can examine whether some materials is human feces or animals. This is important thing to reconstruct ancient toilet culture pattern. The methods using TLC and GC-MS as organic chemistry is able to confirm ancient diet life style and nutritive conditions. The microscope analysis of ancient soil is able to confirm ancient parasite egg and pollen. It is possible to analogize ancient human diseases from this analysis. Also, genetic analysis is able to confirm genetic diversity and variation pattern of ancient organisms in archeological soil. Most of all, it is convinced of carrying through genetic preservation of exterminated ancient organisms. If archeological soils should be analysed through the natural scientific methods such as organic chemistry, soil science, microbiology, molecular biology, and genetics, this is helpful for us to understand and interpretation past historic event. And it is expected to perform an major role for understanding origin of ancient human and life style.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.79-84
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• 1990

Metabolic inhibitors which act in the process of pyrimidine salvage influenced on the uracil incorporation into nucleic acids of Toxoplasma. Inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase, pyrimethamine and methotrexate, and inhibitors of thymidylate synthase, fluoro-uridine, fluoro·dUMP and fluoro-uracil, diminished isotopic uracil uptake in dose-dependent manners. Azauridine which suppresses do novo pyrimidine biosynthesis did not affect the salvage even in a relatively high dose. These results suggested that the activation of uracil salvage should be closely related with the function of TMP biosynthetic enzymes. The pattern of thymidine uptake had no differences between control HL-60 cells and Toxoplasma infected cells, which did not reject the specific proliferation of Texoplasma. It can be exploited to characterize the elects of various compounds related with the proliferation of Toxoplasma, especially its DNA synthesis. Key words: Toxoplasma gondii, uracil salvage, dihydrofolate reductase, thymidylate synthase TMP biosynthesis.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.36
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• pp.137-167
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• 2018

As Gwangju Gwonbeon(meaning of a gisaeng call-office) was representative Gwonbeon in Honam area, it educated gugak(Korean traditional music) from the period of Japanese occupation to 1951, the year of foundation of Gwangju gugak center. As Gwangju Gwonbeon's later self, Gwangju gugak center was also an institution that local influentials interested in the education of gugak of Gwangju region cooperated and built. Therefore, Gwangju Gwonbeon should be considered when premodern and modern history of gugak in Gwangju is mentioned. However, the studies of Gwangju Gwonbeon as well as related studies are still thin. Previous researches related to Gwangju Gwonbeon are mostly focused on the operation and dance of Gwonbeon. However, Gwangju was a region where Pansori was invigorated. According to "Joseonmiinbogam", a record of gisaeng(Korean geisha) in 1918, gisaengs of Gwangju Gwonbeon were specialized in Pansori as compared with those of other regions. In addition, today, there are many master singers of Pansori heard by people, among persons who were educated and a lecturer in Gwangju Gwonbeon; therefore, their oral statement is important materials for understanding transmission of Pansori in Gwangju. Nevertheless, the relationship between Gwangju Gwonbeon and Pansori was not studied yet. Especially, oral statement of master singers of Pansori related to Gwangju Gwonbeon was collected partly, as a result, it is not recognized as valuable research materials. Foundation of Gwangju Gwonbeon and Gwangju gugak center became an important basis for education of Pansori as early private institute educating Korean classical musicians in Gwangju. And it is also meaningful as the trigger that gugak in Gwangju was begun in earnest. Therefore, the purpose of this study is reconstruct activities of master singers who worked in Gwangju Gwonbeon and Gwangju gugak center and is to examine transmission and value of Pansori in Gwangju from the period of Japanese occupation to 1973, collecting oral statement of master singers related to Gwangju Gwonbeon. Finally, this study might be helpful for expanding the interest in Pansori and activating related studies.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.271-276
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• 1997

We tried to compare the three kinds oi Metagonimur species. M. Wokognulci, Ifetafonimus Miyata type, and M. tnknhashii, which were Know to be distributed in Korea with polymerase chain reaction based-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR- RFLP) patterns. We amplified the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITSI) site of ribosomal RNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (mCOI) gene. The restriction patterns of ITSI gene loth Rsc I, ALu I and Msp I showed multiple fragmented bands of different sizes between three kinds of Metcgonimus. In case of mc01 gene, Rsc I and Alu I enzymes produced differentially fragmented band patterns. According to the parsimony analysis of PCR-RFLP patterns, the estimated genetic divergence between M Wokognwai and Metasoninus Miyata type was 0.034880, between Metusoninus Miyata type and M. tckc- hushii was 0.028098, between M. wokogawai and M. tnkahashii was 0.018179. It is suggested that Metasonimus Miyata type may be separate species and evolutionize at the older time than the other two species.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 1991

The degree of attraction of Toxoplasma gondii to vertebrate cells varies with cell type and cell phase. Human promyelocytic leukemia cells, HL-60, were synchronized by double thymidine block method and co-cultured with Toxoplasma for 1 hr at each cell stage to investigate the cell cycle specific susceptibility of parasites to host cells. For 30 hr the average number of Texoplasma that invaded was a little changed except at 3 hr from G1/S phase boundary which concurred with the peak point of DNA synthesis. At 3 hr which is a relatively short interval compared to whole S phase, modification of cells by parasitic invasion was most remarkable. The number of Toxoplasma that penetrated was increased to more than sin times. The shape of the cells became sludgy and almost indiscernible by strong accessibility of parasites only for an hour of mfd-S phase. The same auctuation was also observed at the second peak of S phase but weakly. This suggests that there be surface molecules concerning with the attachment of Texoplasma to the host cells, which is expressed at special point of S phase. further studies on the specific protein or similar molecules related could be carried out using synchronized HL-60 cells.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.369-374
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• 2014

The rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis Walker) was one of the most destructive pest of rice for the 1960s and 1970s in Korea. Recently, it is newly recognized as a potential risk factor to the biomass yield of bioenergy crops. The current research was firstly conducted to investigate overwintering larvae population density and pattern of rice stem borer attacking Miscanthus sacchariflorus cv. Geodae 1 which is referred to as an ideal lignocellulosic bioenergy crop in Korea. Population density of larvae per $1m^2$ in stems and rhizomes at the Miscanthus experimental plots and rates of damage (wormhole, abscission) of M. sacchariflorus cv. Goedae 1 were investigated from October 2012 to March 2013. The population of larvae per $1m^2$ in stems of Miscanthus were 23, 4, 1, and 1 in October, November, December 2012, and January 2013, respectively. Over the same period, the population of larvae in basal stem rots and rhizomes were increased, whereas decreased in stems. Interestingly, the positions of larvae for overwintering in Miscanthus were confirmed to 5~10 cm below the soil surface such as basal stem rot and rhizome, whereas the most common overwintering position known in rice is a part of stem on the ground such as rice straw and rice stubble. It would suggest that the larvae gradually moved to bottom of stems and rhizomes in soil in line with decline in temperature. Moreover, the damage rates of stems per $1m^2$ were up to more than 50% in some places. In conclusion, this might be the first report that rice stem borer could affect the productivity of biomass of Miscanthus in case of mass cultivation. Moreover, it should be necessary to make a decision in insect control management for this bioenergy feedstock and other related crops.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 1995

Genetic status of Acnnthamoebc sap. were tested on the basis of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker analysis. Four previously established Accnthcmoebn species, 4 Korean isolates of Acnnthamoeba sp., and one American isolate of Acanthcmoebc sp. were analyzed by RAPD-PCR using an arbitrary decamer primers. Amplification products were fractionated by agarose gel electrophoresis and slainrd by ethidium bromide . Eighteen primers produced DNA amplification profiles revealing clear differences among 4 species. Nine of them also produced DNA amplification profiles which included some isolate-specific amplification products. On the basis of amplified fragments by 18 primers, the pairwise similarity indices between A. culbensoni and other species (i.e. A. hntchetti, A. trinngularis, A. polyphaga) were 0.300, 0.308, and 0.313, respectively. Similarity index between A. hctchetti and A. triansulcris was 0.833. The mean similarity index among the 3 Korean isolates (YM-2, -3, -4) was 0.959 and 0.832 among them and 2 other species (A. hatchetti and A. triongulnris). The mean similarity index among YM-5 and other Korean isolates (YM-2, -3, -4) was 0.237. However, the similarity index between YM-5 and A. culbeksoni was 0.857, which suggests that YM-5 is genetically more similar to A. culbertsoni than other Korean isolates. Phonogram reconstructed by UPGMA method revealed that there are two groups: one group consists of A. hctchetti, A. tlonsulcns, and 3 Korean isolates (YM-2, -3, -4) , and the other group consists of A. cuLbensoni. A. polwphosc, HOV, and YM-5.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.269-275
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• 1998

Anti-Neospora caninum antibody was detected in anti-Toxoplasma gondii positive and negative human sera by ELISA, western blot and immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Twelve cases out of 172 (6.7％) Toxoplasma-positive sera cross-reacted with both T. gondii and N. caninum antigens, and one out of 110 Toxoplasma-negative sera reacted with N. caninum antigen by ELISA. By western blot, all 12 sera reacted with T. gondii antigens with various banding patterns but specifically at 30 kDa (SAG 1), and 22 kDa （SAG2) bands. With N. caninum antigen, the number of reactive bands was reduced, however a 43 kDa band reacted in three cases in Toxoplasma-positive sera in addition to one in Toxoplasma-negative control sera. All sera of the Toxoplasma-positive group labeled surface membrane of T. gondii, but reacted differently with N. caninum. Fluorescence was detected in surface membrane, subcellular organelles, or both in N. caninum. And one case in the Toxoplasma-negative group also reacted with N. caninum strongly in subcellular organelles. This suggested that the antibody against N. caninum may be present in human sera although the positive rate was very low in this study. The possibility of human infection with N. caninum remains to be evaluated further.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 1992

Antigenic proteins of 36 and 29 kDa were localized in Spirometra mansoni plerocercoid (sparganum) immunohistochemically by avidin biotin complex (ABC) staining. When polyclonal antibodies such as BALB/c mouse serum immunized with crude saline extract of sparganum or confirmed sparganosis sera were reacted as pri-mary antibodies, the positive chromogen (3-amino, 9-ethylcarbazole) reactions were recognized at syncytial tegument, tegumental cells, muscle and parenchymal cells and lining cells of excretory canals. A monoclonal antibody(MAb) which was reacting to 36 and 29 kDa proteins in the extract of the worm was localized at the syncytial tegument and tegumental cells. The present results suggested that the potent antigenic proteins of 36 and 29 kDa in sparganum were produced at the tegumental cells and transported to the syncytial tegument.