• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.306-316
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• 2016

In this paper, an NMOS-diode eFuse OTP (One-Time Programmable) memory cell is proposed using a parasitic junction diode formed between a PW (P-Well), a body of an isolated NMOS (N-channel MOSFET) transistor with the small channel width, and an n+ diffusion, a source node, in a DNW (Deep N-Well) instead of an NMOS transistor with the big channel width as a program select device. Blowing of the proposed cell is done through the parasitic junction formed in the NMOS transistor in the program mode. Sensing failures of '0' data are removed because of removed contact voltage drop of a diode since a NMOS transistor is used instead of the junction diode in the read mode. In addition, a problem of being blown for a non-blown eFuse from a read current through the corresponding eFuse OTP cell is solved by limiting the read current to less than $100{\mu}A$ since a voltage is transferred to BL by using an NMOS transistor with the small channel width in the read mode.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.303-310
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• 2013

Since March in 2013, Inland Aquaculture Research Center, NFRDI has cultivated 1,000 wild swamp eel(Monopterus albus) for species conservation research. While cultivating, 100 fishes showed clinical sign that darkness color, mucus hypersecretion and anus rubor. Even some of them were died. Result of anatomical test, all 100 fishes were infected with intestinal parasite, acanthocephalan. So we were going to determine the case of acanthocephalans infection in swamp eel(Monopterus albus) as histopathologically. Acanthocephalan was founded in alimentary canal only. Parasite were confirmed 19 unit in individual fish, averagely. Heavy infected fishes were confirmed enterocleisis by acanthocephalans. Worms were attachment in submucosa layer of alimentary canal by invading proboscis. Characteristic symptoms were observed in stomach and intestine, including hyperemia in mucous epithelium, infiltration of eosinophills in submucosa layer, inflammation, parasitic granuloma. Some fishes showed vacuolization of gastricgland epithelium, necrosis of intestinal mucosa. Other organs, excluding alimentary canal, were not found lesion. The results of this study, the effect of the acanthocephalan infection on swamp eel(Monopterus albus) could find and it seems to be a big help in the future swamp eel(Monopterus albus) cultivation.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.97-109
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• 2021

Plant parasitic nematodes are causing significant damage in crop production. There is a need to develop eco-friendly nematicide that reduces the damage of nematode and has little effect on the environment and human. In this study, we have isolated a substance having nematicidal activity from Ginkgo biloba L. outer seedcoat. Studies of G. biloba L. outer seedcoat are insufficient compared to the seed and leaves due to their odor and toxicity. The dried G. biloba L. outer seedcoat was extracted with dichloromethane:methanol (1:1) and fractionated into hexane, ethyl acetate and H₂O. Four steps TLC were performed from EtOAc fraction to purely isolate GB4-3 with nematicidal activity. To compare nematicidal activity, G. biloba L. seedcoat methanol extract and purified GB4-3 were investigated in terms of treatment concentration and time. As a result, the nematicidal activity increased with concentration and time. In the place treated with 20 ㎍/mL of crude G. biloba L. seedcoat MeOH extract, strong activity appeared after 12 hours, and 46% nematicidal activity shown after 18 hours. About 69% of nematicidal activity was confirmed in the place where GB4-3 purified from outer seedcoat was treated with 20 ㎍/mL, and the possibility of development as nematicide was very high. This study could be used as a basic data for the development of a nematode preparation from G. biloba L. outer seedcoat.

• 지역과문화
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.29-53
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• 2019

Korean traditional women artists are placed in dual suffering from unequal rights in terms of gender and misrecognition endowed by historical legacy. There has been no clear cut definition but interchangeable adoption of various terms such as Yeo-ak, Yeo-gi, and Gisaeng even in the study of music theory and history itself. Study on female musician has been mostly performed on the basis of music theory and history so that one sided discourse on female traditional artist has survived and aggravated its connotation during the colonial ages and modernization. Envisioning traditional female artist as instrumentalizing their body and status as artist resulted in crucifying victims of sexual harassment is one recent example. This study is an attempt to collect knowledge on the various layers of discourse about the status and role of female traditional artist. This is a first stage of analysis covering the period Joseon dynasty where original and official records regarding female traditional artists remains until today. The findings are that policy discourse are to be classified as politico-ideological layer, music theoretical layer, and socio-political layer. It is to be clarified in the future which layer has the most sustaining influence to the present and why.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.279-285
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• 2024

The zonula occludens (ZO) protein serves as a scaffolding protein, providing structural support at the junctions between cells and the cytoplasmic surface. It acts as a bridge between integral membrane proteins and the cytoskeleton. Besides its structural role, it also participates in regulating cell growth and proliferation. Recent studies have highlighted the involvement of ZO protein in various diseases, including cancer. Specifically, research has indicated that ZO protein influences the cancer microenvironment surrounding cancer cells, thereby facilitating their growth and development. ZO proteins exert diverse functions in the cancer microenvironment, impacting processes such as angiogenesis, inflammatory responses, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and interactions with mesenchymal stem cells. The specific mechanisms vary depending on the type of cancer and environmental conditions. Recent research unveiled several signaling pathways involving ZO protein, which could potentially impede cancer progression in the tumor microenvironment. Consequently, these insights open avenues for novel treatment strategies. While the numerous physiological, structural, and morphological roles of ZO protein have been observed at the cellular and in vivo levels, understanding the signaling mechanisms it operates in vivo and how these mechanisms influence the cancer microenvironment remains a challenge. In this review, we delineate the characteristics and regulatory mechanisms of ZO protein in the context of the cancer microenvironment. Additionally, we propose leveraging the properties of ZO protein to devise defense mechanisms within the cancer cell environment and provide an overview of its in vivo role.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1983

Thin layer immunoassay was carried out to demonstrate antibodies against Clcnorchis sinensis in sera from clonorchiasis patients. Saline extract of adult worm was used as antigen. TIA technique was performed as described earlier by Elwing et at. (1976), but agarose was used instead of agar. The antibody titres of sera in 60 clonorchiasis casts were higher than that of 10 healthy and 10 amoebiasis cases, but not different comparing with that of 10 paragonimiasis cases. Antibody litres in clonorchiasis gave no differences according to the age, sex, EPG in feces, eosinophilia degree of blood, level of alkaline phosphatase and transaminase (SGOT, SGPT) in sera. It is suggested that, after evaluation, the TIA might supplement or be used as an alternative to other immunodiagnostic tests already in use for the diagnosis of clonorchiasis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.32-39
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• 1983

실험동물에서 짧은 기간 감염시킨 후 얻은 간흡충(Clonorchis sinensis)에서는 거의 볼 수 없지만, 간, 담도 수술 또는 부검을 실시할 때 사람에서 얻은 간흡충중에는 검은 색소를 갖는 것을 관찰할 때가 있다. 이 색소는 살아 있는 간흡충에서도 명백하며, 색소가 없는 간흡충은 색이 분홍빛이고 투명한데 비하여 색소가 있는 것은 검은색을 띠고 불투명하다. 사람에서 얻은 간홉충 모두가 검은 색소를 갖고 있는 것은 아니며, 이제까지의 경험으로는 30세 이상 어른에서 얻은 간흡충중 그 길이가 약 1cm이상인 것에서 나타난다. 이 색소의 성분에 대하여 과거에는 빌리루빈, 또는 숙주 혈구세포에서 유래한 철을 포함하는 색소일 것이라고 생각하고 있었다. 저자등은 이 색소가 간흡충의 노쇠현상과 관련된 것으로 생각하고, 그렇다면 lipofuscin일 것이라고 생각하였다. 위의 가정을 확인하기 위하여 육안적으로 분명히 검은 색소가 있은 충체의 조직절편을 만들고, H & E, prussian blue, bilirubin, Fontina-Masson, PAS, amylase-PAS, Ziehi-Neelsen 및 AFIP method for lipofuscin등 8가지 조직화학적 염색을 실시하였다. 색소는 H & E, prussian blue, bilirubin, montana-Masson염색으로 착색되지 않았으며, PAS, amylase-PAS, Ziehi-Neelen, 및 AFIP method for lipofuscin에 염색되어 이것이 조직화학적으로 리포푸신 색소임을 확인하였다. 색소를 다시 전자현미경으로 관찰한 바 색소과립안에는 모양이 등글거나 타원형이고 크기가 $0.05~0.240{\mu}m$인 세포막구조가 산재하였음을 발견할 수 있어 간흡충의 검은 색소는 리포푸신 색소임을 다시 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.841-845
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• 1999

세계 선진 수의 기생충학회 (World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology; (W.A.A.V.P.) 제17차 국제학술대회 (the 17th International Conference)가 1999년 8월 15일부터 20일까지, 덴마크의 대학도시 코펜하겐 (Copenhagen, Denmark)에서 개최되었다. 제17차 금년도 W.A.A.V.P 국제학술대회의 특징은, '기생충 (parasites). 생산 (production) 그리고 환경 (environment)'이라는 슬로우건을 내걸고, 06개국의 회원국에서, 750 여명이 참가하여, 13가지의 주제별로, 700여 제목의 특강과 학술발표 (구두 및 포스타 발표), 워크샵 등으로 이루어 졌다는 점이다. 새롭고 눈에 띄는 발표중에는, 네오스포라 캐나이눔 (Neosporacaninum)의 백신개발에 관한 연구보고도 있었다, 금년도 W.A.A.V.P. 국제학술대회에는 우리나라에서 필자를 포함하여 서울대학교 수의과대학 기생충학 교실에서 윤희정 교수와, 박사학위 과정중에 있는 이종경 수의사와 서흔수 수의사가 참여하었으며 3 제목을 발표하었다. 앞으로, 2년 후에는, 제18차 W.A.A.V.P. 국제학술대회가 이태리의 스트레사라는 도시에서, '전진을 가속화, 전통을 지키며' ('Promoting Advancement, Preserving Tradition')이라는 슬로우건을 내걸고 열리게 될 예정이다. 우리나라 수의기생충 연구업무의 활성화 위하여, 세계 선진 수의 기생충학회 제17차 코펜하겐 학술대회와 제18차 스트레사 학술대회에 관한 정보를 제공하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07f
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• pp.1977-1980
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 출력단에 동기정류기를 사용하는 영전압 스위칭 방식의 고효율 하프 브리지(H-B)컨버터에 대해 다루고자 한다. 컨버터 손실의 대부분은 출력단 정류기 부분, 주 스위치, 트랜스 등에서 발생되며, 이중 출력단 정류기에 쇼트키 다이오드를 이용하는 경우 쇼트키 다이오드의 on-drop에 의한 손실이 적지 않게 된다. 따라서 이를 감소시키기 위해 쇼트키 다이오드를 MOSFET동기 정류기로 대치하고자 한다. 동기 정류기 방식에 이용되는 MOSFET에는 도통손실이 있으나 이는 쇼트키 다이오드의 on-drop에 의한 손실에 비해 매우 작으며, 특히 MOSFET의 기생 성분을 이용하여 영전압을 구현함으로써 MOSFET의 도통 손실을 현저히 감소시킬 수 있게 된다. 또한 H-B 컨버터의 경우 주 스위치에 전원전압과 동일한 크기의 전압이 인가되므로 내압이 작은 소자의 이용이 가능하게 되며, 이와 같이 함으로써 사용 부품 수의 감소, 내압이 낮은 주 스위치의 사용, 더 나아가 효율이 높은 고효율 컨버터를 구현 할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.35D no.10
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• pp.1-6
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• 1998

The dielectric effects of plastic packages on GaAs($\varepsilon$$_{r}$=13) MMIC microstrip characteristics are analyzed using the spectral domain method (SDM). As being packaged by typical FR-4 composites ($\varepsilon$$_{r}$=14.2) for PCB substrates and plastic packages, the characteristic impedance is reduced by about 6 %, but the effective dielectric constant is increased by 13 % from those of bare microstrip, respectively. The parasitic effects of the packaging materials can greatly degrade the performance of the packaged MMIC. We also calculated the optimum microstrip width, which maintains the 50 $\Omega$ matching condition after plastic packaging. These calculated results can be used to optimize the plastic packages, and extend the application ranges for low cost MMIC production.n.