• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2010년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.119-119
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• 2010

Among the various factors influencing the service life of the electric equipment, the performance of dielectric insulation materials has an important role to determine their whole service life. In order to determine the degradation of insulating materials immersed in extremely low temperature media such as liquid nitrogen, the abrupt temperature change from cryogenic to normal room temperature should be considered. But the assessments of low-temperature aging test method for the dielectric materials immersed in liquid nitrogen considering these conditions were not fully reported. Therefore, for the fundamental step to establish the suitable degradation test methods for cryogenic dielectric materials, we focused on the evaluation of ageing test methods for dielectric materials exposed to low temperature environments considering thermal shock by cool-down and warm up test.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.192-197
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• 2007

The effects of immersion time in the liquid nitrogen on the behavior of aluminum alloys used for the hydrogen storage tank of auto-mobile at cryogenic temperature were investigated. With increasing immersion time in the liquid nitrogen, the elongation of AI 5083 alloy at cryogenic temperature decreased because of non-uniform fracture of precipitates on the grain boundary, and the serration also occurred because of discontinuous slip due to rapid decreasing of the specific heat. The mechanical properties of AI 6061 alloy at cryogenic temperature were characterized by uniformed yield strength, tensile strength and elongation regardless of the immersion time in the liquid nitrogen. These mechanical properties of aluminum alloys at cryogenic temperature were interpreted by the strength of grain boundary and the slip deformation behavior.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.7
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• pp.263-264
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• 2006

For practical electrical insulation design of high temperature superconducting (HTS) power apparatuses, knowledge of the dielectric behavior of insulators in cryogenic liquid such as liquid nitrogen ($LN_2$) is essential. So in this paper, we discussed experimental investigations of breakdown and V-t characteristics of several insulators such as Kapton and glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) that are candidates of insulator for HTS apparatus in cryogenic liquid. And we investigated the degradation of these insulation samples after breakdown with the microscope and SEM photograph. Moreover, survival and hazard analysis were performed.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2022

Breakthrough analysis has widely been explored for the dynamic separation of gaseous mixtures in porous materials. In general, breakthrough experiments measure the components of a flowing gas when a gaseous mixture is injected into a column filled with an adsorbent material. In this paper, we report on the design and fabrication of a breakthrough curve measurement device to study the dynamic adsorptive separation of hydrogen isotopologues in porous materials. Using the designed system, an experiment was conducted involving a 1:1 mixture of hydrogen and deuterium passed through a column filled with zeolite 13X (1 g). At room temperature, both hydrogen and deuterium were adsorbed in negligible amounts; however, at a temperature of 77 K, deuterium was preferentially adsorbed over hydrogen. The selectivity was different from that in the existing literature due to the different sample shapes, measurement methods, and column structures, but was at a similar level to that of cryogenic distillation (1.5).

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.262-270
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• 2021

Consumption of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) has increased due to environmental pollution; therefore, the need for LNG carriers can efficiently transport large quantities of LNG, is increased. In various types of LNG Cargo Containment System (CCS), Membrane-type MARK-III composed of composite materials is generally employed in the construction of an LNG carrier. Among composite materials in a Mark-III system, glass-fiber composites act as a secondary barrier to prevent the inner hull structure from leakage of LNG when the primary barrier is damaged. Nevertheless, several cases of damage to the secondary barriers have been reported and if damage occurs, LNG can flow into the inner hull structure, causing a brittle fracture. To prevent those problems, this study conducted the applicability assessment of composite material manufactured by bonding glass-fiber and aluminum with epoxy resin and increasing layer from three-ply (triplex) to five-ply (pentaplex). Tensile tests were performed in five temperature points (25, -20, -70, -120, and -170℃) considering temperature gradient in CCS. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) analyses were carried out to evaluate the microstructure and thermos-mechanical properties of the pentaplex. The results showed epoxy resin and increasing layer number contributed to improving the mechanical properties over the whole temperature range.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.336-341
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• 2019

The gas adsorption isotherm requires accurate measurement for the analysis of porous materials and is used as an index of surface area, pore distribution, and adsorption amount of gas. Basically, adsorption isotherms of porous materials are measured conventionally at 77K and 87K using liquid nitrogen and liquid argon. The cold volume calibration in this conventional method is done simply by splitting a sample cell into two zones (cold and warm volumes) by controlling the level sensor in a Dewar filled with liquid nitrogen or argon. As a result, BET measurement for textural properties is mainly limited to liquefied gases (i.e. $N_2$ or Ar) at atmospheric pressure. In order to independently investigate other gases (e.g. hydrogen isotopes) at cryogenic temperature, a novel temperature control system in the sample cell is required, and consequently cold volume calibration at various temperatures becomes more important. In this study, a cryocooler system is installed in a commercially available BET device to control the sample cell temperature, and the automated cold volume calibration method of temperature variation is introduced. This developed calibration method presents a reliable and reproducible method of cryogenic measurement for hydrogen isotope separation in porous materials, and also provides large flexibility for evaluating various other gases at various temperature.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.265-271
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• 2014

304L 스테인리스강판은 멤브레인타입 LNG선 단열시스템의 1차 방벽으로 이용된다. 304L 스테인리스강은 변태유기소성(TRIP)강으로 복잡한 재료거동을 보이는데, 이는 소성변형이 발생하는 동안 상변태를 경험하기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 304L 스테인리스 강의 비선형 기계적 거동분석을 위한 온도의존 일축인장시험을 수행하였으며 재료의 파단이나 비선형 거동을 예측하기 위한 점소성모델을 제안하였다. 수치해석의 결과와 시험 결과를 비교 분석하여 유효성을 검증하였으며 LNG 멤브레인에 대한 적용성을 검토하기 멤브레인 구조시편을 제작하여 구조해석 및 유한요소해석을 수행하였다. 재료모델은 개발 서브루틴을 이용하였으며 ABAQUS 사용자지정 재료 서브루틴을 탑재한 유한요소해석 결과와 극저온 구조인장시험을 수행한 결과를 비교하여 구조적용성을 검증하였다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2016

$-20^{\circ}C$이하의 극저온조건에서 타설되는 콘크리트는 초기동해 방지를 위해 적절한 급열을 포함한 보온양생이 이루어져야 하는데, 현재까지 국내에서 극저온조건의 효율적인 보온양생 방법이 제시된 경우가 드문 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 $-20^{\circ}C$의 극한조건에서 시공되는 콘크리트의 초기동해 방지를 위한 효율적인 보온양생방법을 제시하고자, 보온양생 재료의 조합 변화에 따른 콘크리트의 온도이력, 적산온도 및 코어강도 결과를 고찰하였다. 실험변수로서 보온양생방법 조합에 따라 기둥, 슬래브 및 벽체를 모사한 목업 시험체를 제작한 후, 단열, 가열 및 양자 병용방법을 적용하여 실험을 진행하였다. 연구결과에 따르면, 슬래브 부재의 경우 온도이력 및 적산온도 측정결과 4BS+열선조합, 벽체의 경우 가열양생+발열매트 그리고 기둥의 경우 EPS 단열재조합에서 3일 이내에 초기동해 방지에 요구되는 적산온도인 $45^{\circ}D{\cdot}D$를 상회하며 $0^{\circ}C$이하로 콘크리트 온도가 저하하지 않는 것으로 나타나 본 연구범위에서 최적의 조합으로 판단된다.

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.162-168
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• 2009

극저온 온도에서 최적복합재료물성치의 사전 연구로서, 실온과 저온, 즉 $25^{\circ}C$와 $-10^{\circ}C$에서 카본 혹은 유리섬유가 함침된 에폭시 복합재료의 계면 물성치가 미세역학인 시험법을 사용하여 평가되었다. 인장과 압축하중 조건에서 저온에서의 기계적인 강성도가 상온에서의 강성도보다 증대하였다. 실온과 저온에서의 계면전단강도가 에폭시 기지의 인성과 겉보기 강성도를 사용하여 상호 비교하였다. 기지의 강성도 향상으로 인해 계면전단강도가 실온보다 저온에서 높게 나타났다. 유리와 카본 섬유의 인장 강도들의 통계적인 분포가 다른 온도의 범위 평가되었고, 이것들은 섬유의 고유결함과 견고함에 의해서 결정된다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.189-199
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• 2011

Austenite stainless steel(ASS), aluminum alloy and nickel steel alloy are the most widely used in many cryogenic applications due to superior mechanical properties at low temperature. The Face-Centered Cubic(FCC) and Hexagonal Close-Packed(HCP) materials are used for the primary and secondary insulation barrier of Liquefied Natural Gas(LNG) carrier tank and various kinds of LNG applications currently. In this study, tensile tests of ASS, aluminum alloy and nickel steel alloy were carried out for the acquisition of quantitative mechanical properties under the cryogenic environment. The range of thermal condition was room temperature to $-163^{\circ}C$ and strain rate range was 0.00016/s to 0.01/s considering the dependencies of temperatures and strain rates. The comprehensive test data were analyzed in terms of the characteristics of mechanical behavior for the development of constitutive equation and its application.