Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
/
v.14
no.5
/
pp.587-603
/
2008
The Woong-Chi region is located between Wan-ju and Jin-an had experienced transportation route change from past continuously. The difference of relative height especially steep slope of western side is given to the most difficulty for transportation route open in Woong-Chi region. For the overcome this restraint geomorphological condition, multi-route were developed according to available purpose in walking period. They effort to decrease of slope and curve in route continual1y, and only used the conditioned route for automobile from 1910s in automobile period. The social aspect in transportation route change on this region is, firstly, the transportation route has trend from variety to simplicity. Secondary, new transportation route is opened by social needs such as traffic accident and social big event. Thirdly, the regional range was extended for overcome restraint condition. Fourthly, the rise and fall of route related settlement is influenced by transportation route change. The used technical method for the overcome the geomorphological condition is make a tunnel, alleviate the curve radius, alleviate the slop and consider the direction of the sunny than shady side.
This study is an empirical analysis of the characteristics of the organization and the performance of the company. The characteristics that make up the culture of a company's organization determine its success. Overcoming the company's closed cultural characteristics, entrepreneurial orientation, delegation, openness of organizational culture, and R&D capabilities have a positive impact on the company's performance. These characteristics of the company also play a positive role in embracing open innovation to generate innovative results. The characteristics of a company positively consider the acceptance and utilization of external resources. These variables proved that the nature of a company's organization is a factor in generating a company's performance. In this process, open innovation and the acceptance of external resources also proved to be a positive factor in generating corporate performance. The contents of this study provide an academic basis for the variables that build corporate organizational culture and provide a practical attitude to the role of leaders in managing corporate organizational culture. This study is focused on women's SMEs. n future research, the overall characteristics of the company will be considered. In addition, this study attempts to verify by applying various variables for generating performance of domestic SMEs by reflecting overcoming regional limitations.
In global, there is an active movement to reduce the green house gas. Allowance and carbon tax are the one of effective alternatives to mitigate green gas effect. In addition, the clean development machinism(CDM) can be applied between the ANNEX 1 and developing countries. It could be an one good solution to reduce the GHG. In the Northern Asia, the CDM can be the one of the possible solution to reduce the GHG because the Japan has a responsibility to reduce GHG and the China and Korea have a room to supply CDM credit. It is suffice to say that if these three countries decide to collaborate, the new international carbon market can be established that can be the similar form of EU-ETS. It is clear that few barriers must be removed to launched such new form of carbon market. Protection of domestic technology, excessive financial request of business opportunities by CDM, and irrational needs of carbon credit that created by CDM, listed constraints define as an one single word, the national selfishness. Once it is cleared, there is high possibility that the Northern Asia CDM trading system can be launched.
Grounded in the prior literatures on acceptance and diffusion of IT and innovation in the level of organization research, 3 major constructional factors such as Motivation, IT resistance, and IT change management were investigated to suggest propositions from 15 multi-cases of PLM from 6 different companies in Automotive OEMs and suppliers, and we posited that the diffusion is continued only when motivation is stronger enough to overcome IT resistance as a fundamental finding and basis of this research on PLM acceptance and diffusion. The Motivation was found to be initiated and categorized from three different factors such as environmental factors, organizational factors, and technological factors, providing key propositions for further research: (1)The Automotive suppliers, contrary to OEM, are affected more by the demand of inter-connectivity as an environmental factor, while the other factors are similarly influencing to them, (2)The big organizations are influenced more by the champion, while the small organizations get influenced more by leader. (3)When the trend, inter-connectivity and complexity get stronger, the motivation gets more strongly influenced by the perceived benefit in the technological context. Regarding Change management we suggests IT change management is supportive to overcome IT resistance and also to enforce Motivation, and the critical mass exists differently according to the market maturity adopted, and more market matured technology has lower critical mass, implies less requirement of IT change management than less market matured technology.
In order to evaluate the effects of high unemployment rates on the income distribution and to find out mediative factors to these effect, the relationship between unemployment and income inequality in the industrialized countries and determinants of their relationship are analysized in this paper. Major findings from the analysis are these. First, changing pattern of unemployment rates are not similiar that of income inequality in the industrialized countries. This result suggests that relationships between unemployment and income inequality are dissimiliar within the industrialized countries. Second, results from analysis about relevant factors' effect on the relationship between unemployment and income inequality, the effects of economic factors such as economic growth rates and the scale of economy are not significant. But variables such as union density rates and scale of social welfare expenditure are found to have significant effects on the relationship between unemployment and income inequality. In fact, when the policy factors enters, the negative distributional effects of unemployment are lower by 50%. These results impliy that dissmilarities between the industrialized countries in the 1980s' changing patterns of income inequality are engendered from the union density rates and scale of social welfare expenditure. These findings in this paper suggest such a implication to the Korea; In order to achieve the more deserable society, policy orientations which give the priority to the economy restructuring rather than development of social welfare have to be reexamined and modified.
North Korea has been in ecologically deficit state since 1966, despite of lack of energy and food resources. Trends of the Biocapacity (BC), the Ecological Footprint (EF), and the Ecological Deficit (ED) of North Korea were shown and five factors influencing on the Overshoot Rate (OSR) which is the ratio of the BC and the EF in North Korea was analyzed in this study. The five factors consist of two factors affecting to the EF and three factors affecting to the BC in North Korea. Two of the five factors are affecting to the EF those are population, the EF per capita (EFPC) which indicates the individual environmental consumption intensity, and three are affecting to the BC those are the land area, the yield factor, and the value multiplying the equivalence factor and the intertemporal yield factor. The EF has contributed more than the BC to the OSR. From 1966 to mid-1990s, the EFPC was the most contributing factor at about 60%, and after mid-1990s, population at about 40~60%. Contribution ratio of land area and the yield factor have increased after mid-1990s up to 15% and 18%, respectively. The BC of cropland which has decreased due to a decrease in productivity. In order to reduce the ED of North Korea, improvement of productivity of cropland and restoration of forest. Forest area has decreased significantly since 1990 in NK. And ways to solve the food shortage problem which influences on decrease of both productivity of cropland and forest area.
The primary objective of this study is to examine differences between the persons with recent onset and chronic mental illness in their family function; and analyze factors influence on the family function. The independent variables are divided into four sets: socio-economic, clinical, familial, and social characteristics. The subjects of this study are the 628 with mental disorders, and the sample was selected in Pusan and Gyeong-nam area. The findings of this study can be summarized as followed: The family with chronic mental illness showed higher family function in comparison with recent onset. Result of hierarchical multiple regression analysis show that age of onset, difference between ideal and reality in family function variable only influenced family function for the recent onset group, and activities of daily living, difference between ideal and reality in family function, caregiver's health, community support variables influenced family function for the chronic group. The results suggest a need for using different treatment approaches for recent onset versus chronic mentally disabled families. Implications for mental health social work practice for family with disabled are suggested.
Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
/
v.26
no.3
/
pp.1-17
/
2022
This study focused on the heterogeneity of groups in single-person households, to identify how middle-aged single-person households is categorized by sub-groups and to come up with policy measures to overcome social exclusion by examining predictive factors for the type of social exclusion. Potential class analysis and multinomial logistic regression analysis were conducted on a total of 361 middle-aged single-person households using the 14th Korea Replication Panel data. The social exclusion index of these households was measured consisting of 10 six-dimensional indicators. The results showed that middle-aged single-person households had five different types: "non-exclusion"(29.6%), "health restriction"(14.3%), "interact restriction and middle-risk multiple-exclusion" (12.0%), "income and health exclusion"(14.1%), and "high-risk multiple-exclusion"(30.0%). More than 70% of the respondents experienced social exclusion, and most of the exclusion types were multiple exclusion. When examining the factors affecting each exclusion type, the 'subjective health level' was a common major predictor, and family interact, age and leisure activity satisfaction variables were significant predictors of the 'high-risk multiple exclusion type' and 'the interact restriction and middle-risk multiple-exclusion type'. Based on these results, a multidimensional intervention strategy is an effective measure to solve the social exclusion problem of middle-aged single-person households, and practical measures should be considered by strengthening 'health' and exchanges.
Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
/
v.16
no.5
/
pp.15-29
/
2021
This study is based on ERIS model for start-up performance, and aims to derive the main reason for start-up sustainability centered on organizational resilience. To this end, systematic literature examination and modified Delphi method were used to investigate start-up sustainability factors based on ERIS Model focused on organizational resilience. The results showed that ERIS model-based entrepreneurial continuity factors were divided into four categories: entrepreneur, resource, industrial environment, strategy, subdivision 8 and detailed factors 54. In addition, the ERIS model-based continuity factors were structured around organizational resilience, and the continuity factors were structured according to ERIS model under five categories: leadership, culture, people, system and environment. The results of this study are as follows. First of all, the results of existing research and analysis show that the concept of successful start-up and sustainability of start-up are used in various fields. Second, it is confirmed that there are common factors of influence on start-up performance and start-up sustainability based on ERIS model. Third, Delphi method's results showed that the general characteristics of entrepreneurs, such as academic background, education level, gender, age, and business experience did not affect the sustainability of entrepreneurship. This study is significant in that it is based on ERIS model focused on organization resilience, and ERIS-R, which integrates Strategy into System and Organization resilience into R in the field of gradually expanding start-up development and support. It is expected that the results of this study will improve the sustainability of start-up that can predict, prevent, and overcome various crises at any time.
Two field experiments were carried out to assess the applicability of a central composite design (CCD) in determining optimum culture condition of an early rice cultivar, Unbongbyeo in southern Korea. A central composite design with two replicates was applied to five levels of five factors such as the number of hills per 3.3m2, the number of seedlings per hill, the levels of nitrogen, the transplanting date and the seedling age (Experiment 1). The levels of planting density were ranged from 30 hills to 150 hills per 3.3m2 ; the number of seedlings per hill from 1 seedling to 9 seedlings per hill; the levels of nitrogen application from 1 kg/l0a to 21 kg/l0a; the transplanting date from June 15 to July 5; the seedling age from 25 days to 45 days. A fractional factorial design was applied to three levels of five factors tested in CCD (Experiment 2). Yield per hill and per unit area were examined and the results obtained from both experiments were compared. The benefits from the central composite design were discussed. Maximum yield of brown rice per unit area was obtained at the combination of the central levels of one of five factors when the other four factors were fixed at central point. Furthermore, brown rice yield per unit area affected by interaction of two factors was maximized at the central point when the remain three factors being fixed at the central level. The responses of five factors to brown rice yield per hill and unit area were found to be a saddle point in both designs. Actual values of the stationary points were 107 hills per 3.3 m2, 4 seedlings per hill, 10 kg nitrogen per l0a, transplanting date of rice on June 26 and 33 days of seedling age in the central composite design. Brown rice yield per unit area at the stationary points were estimated 439 kg/l0a in the central composite design and 442 kg/l0a in the fractional factorial design. Considering the number of experimental treatment combinations, the central composite design was rather convenient in reducing the number of treatment combinations for similar information. It was more convenient for an experimenter to present the results from the central composite design than those from the fractional factorial design. Considering the optimum yields of brown rice per unit area at the stationary points being verified as saddle points in both designs. inter-heterogeneity of each of the factors should be avoided in setting up factors in pursuit of inducing unidirectional response of the factors to yield. Even though both the lower and higher levels in the central composite design being beyond the region of an experimenter's interest. they were considered highly valued in interpretation of the results. Conclusively. the central composite design was found to be more beneficial to optimize culture condition of paddy rice even with several levels of various factors were involved.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.