• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.115-131
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• 2021

As the global climate change emergency is escalating, the need for 'Social Action-Oriented SSI (SAO-SSI) on climate change topics' in science education that can change society through social activity is increasing. By employing sociocultural theory, this study explores the challenges of limiting teacher's agency in implementing SAO-SSI on climate change topics in science education. Data from participant observation for 46 lessons, in-depth interviews with participants, field notes, and teacher reflection notes were analyzed by the structure of into micro- (classrooms), meso- (school), and macro- (Korea society) level. At the micro-level, the teacher's new attempts of SAO-SSI on climate change topics class made it difficult for him to identify students' understanding of climate change, because they have a low sense of perception that climate change is also their problem. In addition, the teacher had difficulties leading students' into an engagement for social action because students were skeptical about the feasibility of planned social behavior by positioning themselves as children or had difficulty in understanding social action and sympathizing with its values. At the meso-level, a school culture that encourages the implementation of a curriculum similar to that of colleagues, it was difficult to implement one's own curriculum. And it was difficult to develop expertise without the support and communications with colleagues who revealed the burden of unfamiliar science topics of climate change. In addition, conflicts arose in the process of implementing out-of-school social actions with the principal's passive support. At the macro-level, the insufficient proper material resources for SAO-SSI on climate change topics class, and negative perceptions on the students' social action in the society were acting as constraints. We offer implications for what kind of structural support and efforts from various subjects in the educational community should be provided to implement SAO-SSI on climate change topics class in science education.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.302-309
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• 2013

The highly porous cellulosic aerogels were prepared by freeze-drying method using sodium hydroxide-urea aqueous solution in the process of dissolution, gelation, regeneration and organic solvent substitution. The structural characteristics of porous aerogel were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption apparatus. As a result, the dissolving pulp was completely dissolved, but filter papers and holocellulose were divided into two layers (dissolved and undissolved parts) in the process of centrifugation. The structure of aerogel from dissolved pulp showed porous pores in the surface and net-shaped network in the inner part. Aerogels from filter paper and holocellulose had the condensed porous network surface and the open-pore nano-fibril network inner structure. Undissolved form of fibers was observed in the aqueous solution of aerogel from holocellulose. The BET value ($S_{BET}$) of aerogel from dissolved pulp was ranged in 260~326 $m^2/g$, and it was decreased with the increase of concentration. Whereas, the $S_{BET}$ value of aerogel from filter paper (198~418 $m^2/g$) was increased with the increase of concentration. The $S_{BET}$ value of aerogel from holocellulose were 137 $m^2/g$ at 2% (w/w) of cellulose, and it was increased to maximum 401 $m^2/g$ at 4% (w/w) of cellulose. Then, it was decreased at 5% (w/w) of cellulose.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.215-222
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• 2000

Fish fauna of the coastal waters off Taean, Chungchyungnam-do, Korea, was investigated from May 1996 to July 1999. The specimems collected from the three localities were identified into 73 species belonging to 63 genera and 40 families. Of them the largest group was order Perciformes, comprising 35 species and 16 families, and showed 47.9% in total number of species. Chasmichthys gulosus and C. dolichognathus were commonly found from the st. 1, Sebastes schlegeli and Hexagrammos otakii, from the st. 2 and Cynoglossus joyneri, Acanthopagrus schlegeli, Pagrus majar, Chirolophis wui and Pholis fangi from the st. 3 of sampling localities. Porocottus sp. is described on the basis of 2 specimens collected from the st. 1 of sampling localities. The species was distinguished from all the other members of the genus by the following combination of characters: united dorsal fin, scales on trunk above lateral line, cirri on anterior part of lateral line.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.225-233
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• 2011

This is the attempt to study the fish assemblages in eelgrass bed of Jeogu on Geoje Island, Korea. Samples were collected by surf net monthly from August 2009 to July 2010. A total 38 species, 2,335 individuals, and 5,289.8g of fishes were collected. The dominant species were Chaenogobius annularis, Gymnogobius heptacanthus, Rudarius ercodes, Siganus fuscescens, Ditrema temminckii, Takifugu niphobles, Aulichthys japonicus, Pseudoblennius cottoides, Syngnathus schlegeli, Sebastes schlegelii, Pterogobius elapoides, Urocampus nanus, Takifugu pardalis, Hypodytes rubripinnis which accounted for 94.2% of total number of individuals of fish collected. Eelgrass biomass showed a peak in August (DW 121.5g/m$^2$), low values in November (DW 74.9 g/m$^2$) to February (DW 49.3g/m$^2$), and started growing from May (DW 112.8g/m$^2$). Gymnogobius heptacanthus, Sebastes schlegeli, Takifugu niphobles, Syngnathus schlegeli, Urocampus nanus were collected year-round with no clear relationship to the biomass of eelgrass bed.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.130-138
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• 2017

Fish species composition in eelgrass bed of Bongam on Hansando island, Korea was determined using monthly samples collected by a surf net from August 2009 to July 2010. A total of 30 species, 3,237 individuals and 6,850.1g of fish were collected. The dominant species were Gymnogobius heptacanthus, Rudarius ercodes, Takifugu niphobles, Chaenogobius annularis, Pterogobius elapoides and Syngnathus schlegeli which accounted for 86.7% of total number of individuals of fish collected. Eelgrass started growing from May ($DW61.9g/m^2$) showing a peak biomass in August ($DW81.6g/m^2$), and low values in November ($DW57.23g/m^2$) to February ($DW15.41g/m^2$). The fish assemblages in the eelgrass beds showed clear seasonal changes; the number of fish species and individuals were low from September to December 2009, and high from December 2009 to July 2010. Seasonal variation in species composition and abundance was related to the water temperature and standing crops of eelgrass.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2021

This study aimed to determine the monthly fish species composition in the eelgrass bed of Yeocha on Hansando Island, Korea, and to obtain fish species data by comparison with the nearby Bongam. The species composition was determined from monthly samples collected by a surf net from August 2009 to July 2010. During the survey, total 2,394 individuals of 29 species and 10,378 g of fish were collected. The dominant species were Gymnogobius heptacanthus, followed by Takifugu niphobles, Rudarius ercodes, Chaenogobius annularis, and Ditrema temminckii, accounting for 89% of the total individuals sampled and 83% of the fish biomass collected. The fish assemblages in the eelgrass bed varied seasonally; the number of individual fishes increased in May and was highest in July, whereas the biomass attained its highest level in April and subsequently decreased. This study confirms that the seagrass bed plays an important role as a fish nursery ground, and it is necessary to investigate changes in the coastal fishes of the southern coast via periodic surveys.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2005

The data for the present study were collected from the both-sides fyke net fishery in coastal Dolsan, Korea, from March 2003 to February 2004 A total of 2,402 individuals (432,42 kg) were collected and identified to 11 orders, 34 families, and 48 species. The most dominant order was the Perciformes, comprising 21 species in 15 families, followed by Scorpaeniformes, 8 species in 5 families, and Pleuronectiformes, 5 species in 3 families, These three orders constituted 67.9% of the total collected fish. The most dominant species, Acanthopagrus schlegeli, accounted for 279 individuals (20.26 kg), followed by Mugil cephalus with 187 individuals (99.61 kg), and Konosirus punctatus with 178 individuals (8.89 kg). The diversity index of the fish catches was 1.6823~2.9105 and was the highest in September 2003 and the lowest in December 2003. The evenness index was 0.6585~0.8872 it was the highest in August 2003 and the lowest in December 2003. The dominance index was 0.2000~0.6852, with the highest in December and the lowest in August 2003.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 2003

Experimental fishing was carried out to investigate the survival rate of fishes discarded after hauling from the trawl and to develop the fishing gear and method for fisheries management which can improve the survival rate of young fishes escaped from the trawl codend in offshore korean southern sea and off Cheju Island of Korea. The young fishes were bred in fish cage on the board to measure the sustainable survival time for fishes escaped from grid panel and codend. The obtained results are summarized as follows' 1. Japanese flying squid(Todarodes pacjficus), mitra squid(Loligo chinesis), hair-tail( Trichiurus lepturus), john dory(Zeus japonicus), spanish mackerel(Scomberomorus niphonius), redlip croaker (Pseudosciaena polyactis) and blackthroat seaperch(Doederliinia berycoides) were dead instantly after hauling. 2. Survival rate of tiger shark(Galeocerdo cuvier), conger eel (Conger myriaster), red skate (Dasyatis akajei), black scraper(Navodon modestus) and japanese fan lobster(Ibacus ciliatus) might be high after discarding because they survived for long hours in fish cage. 3. Blotched eelpout(Zoarces gili) escaped from the escapement device(grid) was dead within 6 hours in the water tank installed on the board but 97% of tiger shark and 72% of conger eel survived over 72 hours. 4. Red skate escaped from trawl codend was dead within 60 hours in the water tank installed on the board but sustainable survival time of 25% of octopus(Paroctopus dofleini) and 100% of black scraper was over 72 hours. 5. Compared with the survival rate of rosefish(Helicolenus higendorfi) escaped from the escapement device(grid) and trawl codend, all of the rosefish escaped from the grid was dead within 7.2 hours but 8.3% of the rosefish escaped from the codend survived over 72 hours. 6. In comparison with the survival rate of japanese fan lobster survived over 72 hours, survival rate of japanese fan lobster escaped the codend was much higher as 75% than 33% of japanese fan lobster escaped from the grid.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 1990

In inland aquaculture, a lot of fishes often died cause of touch of L. carteri which is attached on the net cage. In this works, the experiment were carried out on classification of species, toxin test, and extermination with some chemicals. A bryozoa from net cage in lake Okjeong is classified into the Phylactolaemata, Lophopodella carteri Hyatt. A bryozoa broke out firstly on the 30th of June with water temperature up to $31^{\circ}C$ and it reattached on the net with water temperature below $30^{\circ}C$. Size of bryozoa colony is about $0.8{\times}0.6{\sim}1.7{\times}1.5cm$. Water column of attachment was 0~5m and the peak is 2~3m. In toxin test on the israeli carp, goldfish and catfish touched with bryozoa for 1 minute at $25^{\circ}C$ of water temperature, a dead fish appeared at 20 minutes after touched. Mortality was 90% for israeli carp and 100% for goldfish at 100 minuties after touched, but catfish was not died at all. It was supposed that the toxin is from nematocyst being around tentacles and this toxin act a deadly poison on a israeli carp and goldfish. In extermination test, the bryozoa treated with 300ppm of formalin, 5% of sodium chloride, 5ppm of malachite green, 200ppm of potassium permanganate, 1000ppm of potassium iodide, 10ppm of DDVP for minute respectively, all of them were not effected.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.118-131
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• 1997

An opening efficiency experiment of anchovy boat seine has been carried out using a half size of the ordinary seine to reduce the size of the seine net and to improve the fishing efficiency from field operation. The intervals of towing boats were set at 100, 200 and 300m, and the towing speed, at 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2k't by possible combinations of them. The vertical openings of wing net, inside wing net, bagnet and flapper as well as the spreads of the seine net and the towing tension of the warp were measured, to find out efficient fishing gear and method of the anchovy boat seine. The results obtained are as follows : 1. The vertical opening of the inside wing net ranged from 8.7m to 12.0m at the normal current and from 7.0m to 10.0m at the counter current, and that of the wing net, from 8.4m to 19.8m at the normal current and from 4.9m to 16.3m at the counter current. The vertical opening of the wing net and inside wing net decreased as the towing speed and intervals of the boats increase, from 66% to 16% and from 32% to 18% of the normal opening, respectively. 2. The vertical opening of the fore of bag net ranged from 7.9m to 12.8m at the normal current and from 7.4m to 9.7m at the counter current, and that of the flapper, from 3.4m to 5.1m at the normal current and from 4.4m to 5.1m at the counter current, and that of the flapper, from 3.4m to 5.1m at the normal current and from 4.4m to 5.1m at the counter current. The vertical opening of the bag net was from 98% to 57% of the normal opening and the flapper showed a circular shape and it rose up to the upper layer with a slower towing speed. 3. The vertical opening of the end of the bag net ranged from 7.1m to 9.3m at the normal current and from 7.4m to 8.8m at the counter current. The end of the bag net rose up to the upper layer, This phenomenon was more apparent as the towing speed and the interval of the boats increase. 4. The towing tension of the experimental nets increased from 648kg to 2,716kg at the normal current and from 1,050kg to 6,010kg at the counter current with increasing towing speed. 5. The net depth of the anchovy seine was stable with the higher towing speed and the wider interval of the boats, but it was unstable by rising up to the upper layer with the lower towing speed and the narrower interval of towing boats.