• 한국연초학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.62-67
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• 1995

Deliveries of tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide in mainstream smoke decreased with increment of exogenous potassium content of tobacco. Potassium malate was more effective than potassium nitrate, potassium carbonate, potassium citrate and potassium oxalate for the reduction of carbon monoxide, but potassium nitrate was more effective than potassium palate, potassium carbonat, potassium citrate and potassium oxalate for the reduction of carbon in the case of nicotine. Puff count and burning rate were slightly changed with added potassium salts.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 1994

Cigarettes were prepared using cut tobacco blends containing 5 levels of expanded tobacco. The effect of expanded tobacco content and tobacco weight on the draw resistance, tar, nicotine, static burning rate, net weight, and carbon monoxide deliveries were examined. At the specified hardness, tar, and tricot me significantly decreased with increasing expanded tobacco rates as a consequence of the increasing cigarette draw resistance. In the view of the experts, the smoke analysis of the cigarettes containing the expanded tobacco was investigated.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.15-18
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• 1985

저장중(貯藏中)에 있거나 제조(製造)된 담배를 가해(加害)하는 주요해충(主要害蟲)인 궐련벌레(Lasioderma serricorne F.)의 유충(幼蟲)에 기생(寄生)하는 궐련벌레살이주머니응애 (Pyemotes tritici L.-F. & M.)는 응애아목(亞目)(Trombidiformes)의 Pyemotidae(주머니응애과(科))에 속(屬)하며 국내(國內)에서는 처음으로 한국인삼연초연구소(韓國人蔘煙草硏究所)에서 발견(發見), 분류(分類) 동정(同定)되어졌다. 본종(本種)을 개체사육(個體飼育)하면서 조사(調査)한 형태적(形態的) 특징(特徵)과 일부(一部) 생활사(生活史)의 요약(要約)은 다음과 같다. 1. 궐련벌레살이주머니응애는 4개(個)의 배판(背板)을 갖고 있으며 첫째 등판에는 세쌍, 두번째에는 두쌍, 세번째에는 한쌍, 네번째에는 두쌍의 센털이 나있고, 첫째 등판에는 한쌍의 기관(氣管)이 있다. 네쌍의 다리에는 사이판(板)과 두개의 발톱이 있고, 특히 맬 앞쪽 발에는 발달된 발톱이 있다. 2. 수컷이 먼저 태어나며 암컷이 태어나는 즉시 교미(交尾)한다. 암컷이나 수컷은 어미의 복부내(腹部內)에서 성적(性的)으로 성숙(成熟)된 상태로 태어난다. 3. 교미(交尾)가 끝난 암컷은 숙주의 체표(體表)에서 $9.5{\pm}0.3$일(日) 이 지나면 새끼를 낳기 시작한다. 4. 새끼를 낳는 기간(期間)은 $10.3{\pm}0.8$일(日)이고 한마리의 암컷이 낳는 새끼의 수(數)는 $56.7{\pm}6.9$마리였다. 5. 암컷과 수컷의 출생(出生) 직후(直後)의 크기는 같았고 체장(體長)은 $280{\mu}m$, 체폭(體幅)은 $85{\mu}m$이었다. 6. 수컷은 48시간(時間) 이내(以內)에 모두 사망(死亡)하였고 암컷은 자라면서 복부(腹部)는 커져 구형(球型)을 이루며 다 자라면 직경(直徑)이 $825{\mu}m$, 체적(體積)이 $0.345mm^3$가 된다. 7. 복부(腹部)의 직경(直徑)은 숙주체액(宿主體液) 흡즙후(吸汁後) $2{\sim}3$일(日)경에, 체적(體積)은 $5{\sim}6$일(日)경에 증가폭(增加幅)이 가장 컸다. 8. 새끼를 낳기 시작한 후(後) 4일(日)경에 가장 많이 낳았고 9일(日) 이후(以後)부터는 낳기를 중단하였다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.13-16
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• 2004

This study was designed to investigate population dynamics of cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne F.(Coleoptera, Anobiidae), at differential house types in Korea. In hot season, July 24 to August 24, cigarette beetle adults were captured by sex-pheromon-trap at all house types which were located in Wonjoo, Shintanjin and Suwon area. Cigarette beetle adults were captured only at apartments where located at same area by sex-pheromon-trap during overwintering period in Korea. No relation was detected between a limit of the distribution of cigarette beetle, L. serricorne F. and the distance from tobacco storage warehouses to houses in Korea.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.188-194
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• 1999

Cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne F.(Coleoptera : Anobiidae), is one of the most serious insect pest of stored leaf tobacco in Korea. The first adults of their ecto-parasitic hymenoptera, Lariophagus ditinguendus F. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), were emerged in late June in 1992, in early May in 1993 and 1995, in late May in 1994 and 1996. This parasitic hymenoptera had two peak times of adults emergence. The first one was from late June to early July and the 2nd peak time in the Suwon area occurred from late August to early September in 1993, 1994 and 1996, and late September in 1992 and 1995.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.87-94
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• 1998

After we made the computer source code with mathematical model of Muramatsu et al. that was expressed by the set of simultaneous first-order ordinary differential equations in evaporation-pyrolysis zone of cigarette, we simulated the distribution profiles of temperature and density of flue-cured tobacco. Those equations were solved numerically with the Runge-Kutta-Gill algorithm assuming step size of 0.025mm by Muramatsu at at,, but in this study the advanced algorithm of Runge-Kutta 4th Order assuming step size of 0.0005mm. The initial conditions and physical parameters of Muramatsu et at. were used for solving them. The calculated values corresponded well with results of Muramatsu et al., especially the gradient of the temperature profile increased with smoldering speed and the thickness of the evaporation-pyrolysis zone decreased with increasing of smoldering speed. On the other hand, the temperature gradient decreased with increasing of the effective thermal-conductivity value and the thickness of the evaporation-pyrolysis zone increased with the effective thermal-conductivity value.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.211-224
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• 1989

10. Three major factors, freeness, filler and blend ratio that exercised considerable influence on physical properties of cigarette papers were chosen for the sake of their optimization at this experiment. An optimization of those above factors in paper manufacturing was investigated using response surface analysis. Optimum beating degree for Kenaf, Flax and NBKP showed around 72。SR, 68。SR and 85 SR, respectively, in considering of five quality index such as porosity, tensile strength, stretch, whiteness and opacity. The best blending ration of reciprocal pulps treated under optimum beating degree were diversified and combination scope of the bast fiber (Kenaf, Flax) to the NBKP was range from 30% to 65% in case of the Kenaf, from 25 to 40% in Flax at the same receipe. The optimum range of calcium carbonate content revealed 25%~30% in Kenaf mixed NBKP and 24%~31% in Flax mixed NBKP.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.170-176
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• 1995

Effect of circumference, net weight, and moisture content on the physicochemical propesties of cigarette were investigated. At the same net weight of cigarette, the pressure drop(E.P.D) of cigarette was increased as the circumference was decreased. Loseend and firmness were improved by reduction of circumference. In this condition, tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide deliveries were decreased, and the puff count was significantly increased. When the moisture content of the cigarette were decreased, firmness and loseend were increased. Also in this condition nicotine and carbon monoxide tend to be increased. Key words : cigarette design, circumference, net weight.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.113-119
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• 1996

The ovipositional responses of two strains of the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne F., to thickness, of air- and flue-cured leaf tobacco were investigated. Eggs laid by the strains reared with wheatflour (95%) + yeast (5%) in the laboratory for several years were not different between air - and flue-cured tobacco leaves. There were negative correlations between grades of cured tobacco and ovipositional response, and the regression equation was Y(ovipositional response) : 58.22 - 10.15X(leaf grade). Adults of strains reared on tobacco leaves laid 161.00±80.29 eggs on the first grade of thick flue-cured leaves, and 7.67 ± 5.51 on the second grade of thin air-cured leaves. There was difference in ovipositional responses among different grades within variety, but significant differences were noted between thick and thin tobacco leaves. Key words : ovipositional response, cigarette beetle, Lasiodema sewicome F., tobacco.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제23권
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• pp.95-102
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• 2008

유기질 문화재 보존 천연 살생물제 개발을 위한 후보물질 조사를 위해 국내 자생하는 11종 수목을 대상으로 각 수목 메탄올 추출물의 9종 목재오염균과 궐련벌레 성충에 대한 항진균 및 살충활성을 조사하였다. 항진균 활성은 목재부후균과 표면오염균에 대해 각각 paper disc soaking 방법과 feeder strip 방법으로 측정되었다. 그 결과, 수목 중 황벽(Phellodendron amurense) 메탄올 추출물은 5 mg/disc에서 Coniophora puteana, Lentinus lepideus, Tyromyces palustris 그리고 Aspergillus niger에 대해 우수한 항균활성을 나타냈다. 또한, 수목 메탄올 추출물의 살충활성은 topical application 방법에 의해 측정되었으며 특히 주목(Taxus cuspidata)과 전나무(Abies holophylla) 메탄올 추출물을 궐련벌레 성충에 25 ${\mu}g$/adult의 농도로 24시간 처리했을 때 56.7%의 치사율을 보였다. 위의 결과로부터 주목과 전나무 그리고 황벽 메탄올 추출물은 각각 충과 목재오염균에 의해 야기되는 생물학적 열화에 대한 유기질 문화재 보존을 위해 유용하게 사용가능할 것으로 사료된다.