• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.120-131
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• 1995

To analyze mobility patterns, this study used three Constraint (Capability Constraint, Coupling Constraint, Authority Constraint) models which were proposed in Dr. Hagerstrand's Time-space theory. This paper shows that three constraint models have some effects upon mobility by age. In this study, Capability Constraint means a certain special constraint that is what we can't do during proceeding basic natural urges like sleep, fare, etc. Coupling constraint is a physical one. Each person limits the action range for staying on a special place in special time. For instance, students have to stay in school so that they have mobility constraints. Authority Constraint is a social one. When we use urban facilities or traffic, we may be controlled by mobility sphere by an agreement or a social position. It is social agreement that the opening hour of a store, the time table of mass-transportation and a social positional control that the personal income, the standard of education. In this study it has been in a process of determination of the cluster number that degree of influences a social constraint to mobility. Considering the mobility constraint of characteristics of space divides urban and rural, people in urban area have higher mobility rate than in rural area. Resuets of determination of the cluster, show similar mobility pattern. People in urban area are connected verity of mobility which related to urban space structures with determination of cluste-number. That is to say, mobility patterns can be changed by space charactcristics. Constraints by sex and age are also social constraints and they are influenced by mobility patterns. For instance, females at the age of twenties have similar mobility pattern to the same age male but they have sudden changes after thirty's age. Male entertains a similar pattern without restriction of age. That is to say, management by sex as a social constraint affects mobility. To establish more realistic traffie policy, mobility formation should be reflected to the space in a view of social-behavioral science. To embody this, some problems should be investigated as follows. 1. As a problem of methodology, if sufficient samples ensured, we could subdivide clusters and could open up a new method of analyzing the mobility clusters by using the neuro-network. 2. Extracting actions connected with mobility and finding life cycle which is classified by daily cluste-characteristics, suitable counterproposal could be presented to the traific policy.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.74.3-75
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• 2016

국제전기통신연합 (ITU)에서 주관하여 2015년 11월 2일-27일 스위스 제네바에서 개최된 WRC-15(세계전파통신회의, World Radiocommunication Conference)회의에서는 28개 의제에 대한 각국 의견을 논의한 후 최종적으로 국제전파규칙(Radio Regulations)을 개정하였다. WRC회의는 전세계의 공통적인 주파수 사용을 위한 국제법이라고 할 수 있는 국제전기통신연합 (ITU)의 전파규칙(Radio Regulation) 제개정을 위해, 3-4년 간격으로 개최되는 전파통신 관련 권위를 가진 회의라고 할 수 있다. 본 회의에서는 전세계의 국가별 전파이익과 상업적 우선권을 둘러싼 정치적, 경제적 이권 다툼이 치열하게 진행되었으며, 2012년부터 추진되었던 국제전기통신연합 산하의 연구반 (ITU-R Study Group)의 의제별 연구결과를 토대로 관련 국제전파규약들을 최종적으로 개정하였다. 국내 전파천문의 입장에서는 상기 회의의 의제 가운데 현재 한국우주전파관측망의 원활한 운용과 사용주파수 대역의 보호를 위해, 전파규칙 내의 관련 주석(footnote, 5.562D) 개정을 위한 우리나라의 국가기고서를 발표하였다. 그 결과, 이전까지는 128GHz 대역의 위성운용대역에서 우리나라 전파천문업무가 우선 순위를 가지고 2015년까지 사용하도록 제한되어 있던 규정을 개정하고 사용기한에 대한 제약을 삭제하도록 개정하였다. 본 발표에서는 상기 결과 및 기타 주파수대역 (10GHz 대역)의 전파천문업무 보호를 위한 신규 주석, 그리고 철폐논란으로 찬반 논란이 거세었던 윤초 이슈의 논의 결과 등에 대해 소개하고자 한다.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.57
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• pp.109-136
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• 2012

This research analyzed the news coverage of controversy over Korean resumption of Wartime Operational Control from the United States in 2006, trying to find various narrative frames and their relevance to the characters of journalistic interpretive communities. Three competitive frames emerged: Self-national defense and peace making, Balance of self-national defense and the Korea-US alliance, and Priority of the Korea-U.S. alliance and national security. Journalistic discourses were also analyzed through the in-depth interviews of 14 journalists from three interpretive communities. The results revealed that competitions of narrative frames reflected the tensed relationship among political power blocs, each representing the liberal, moderate, or conservative camp of Korean society, and preference of journalistic practices such as objective journalism to advocacy journalism. Finally, inferences were made that the clashes among interpretive authorities, existing behind the competition of news frames, restrained public deliberations on a critical incident regarding national security by blocking up the reasoned news coverage of political controversy.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.399-413
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to find out the significance and functions of the voice-over narration in the storytelling of the web-drama OH Ku-sil. As a result, the first person narration has enhanced the intimacy with a viewer via subjective statements and produced the two time zone effect that the image and the voice-over stood on different tenses. On the other hand, the third person narration has expanded its functions beyond those of the cinema and TV drama. First, the third person narration in OH Ku-sil has performed the essential role presenting significant information for the viewer's understanding story. Second, the objective/authoritative statements of the third person narration have changed to the subjective/suggestive statements. Third, the third person narrator has expanded his/her role from a narrator to a virtual character by means of the comic statements. It seems to be the existing narration's effective response to the web-drama's medium characteristics seeking efficient storytelling under the tight time restriction. Delivering speedily the story information and amusement, this evolutionary voice-over narration is changing its status from the staying off subject to the condition of the new medium called web-drama.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.42 no.2 s.119
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• pp.280-294
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• 2007

This paper aims to examine the ways in which the Singaporean government has promoted the "global city" imaging strategy as a means for marketing Singapore. Since the 1990s, Singapore has pursued a place-marketing strategy that aims at imaging itself as a "creative", "culturally vibrant" and "cosmopolitan" global city by utilizing various cultural, tourist and spatial policy measures. It argues that the Singaporean government has promoted this particular imaging strategy under a broader economic resoucturing program, aiming at transforming the Singapore's economy into a "knowledge-driven" one, under which the attraction of international knowledge workers is seen as crucial for the competitiveness and innovation. This paper also discusses the limitations of this strategy, focusing on growing tensions between the global and the local in the Singaporean society and the ways in which the authoritarian and top-down nature of governance have restricted the genuine development of the "culturally vibrant" environment in Singapore.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.3296-3303
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• 2010

This study attempted to identify the strategic factors of conflict management in making decisions of family travel by age focusing on the different conflicts occurred in the family travel currently in Korea. by doing this, it tried to provide the basic data that can draw out constant participation, higher involvement and commitment by identifying the strategies for conflict management centering around not only tourism studies of tourist psychology and behavior but also the strategic variables of conflict management in terms of the promotion of tourism industry. To examine the result of this study, first, it was found that in all age groups, strategies of compromise and moderation strategy to meet the needs of surrounding people and the person him/herself were used as a strategic plan for conflict management between decision-makers and conflicting groups. Second, it was analyzed that when a conflict is caused, from order to negotiation strategies; from authority to democratic strategy, they turned out to make efforts to solve the conflicts occurred during family travel by collecting the opinions of the surrounding people; tune the opinions; and make decisions by majority. Lastly, it was found that they turned out to make efforts to ease the conflicts caused during family travel through active problem-solving regarding internal/interpersonal/structural restriction factors.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.541-553
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between epistemic goals, epistemic considerations and complexity of reasoning of science high school students in an open inquiry and to explore the context on how open inquiry compares with the characteristics of an authentic scientific inquiry. Two teams were selected as focus groups and a case study was conducted. The findings are as follows: First, the contexts, such as 'sharing the value for the phenomenon understanding, reflection on the value of the research, task characteristics that require collaboration and consensus, and sufficient communication opportunities,' promote epistemic goals and considerations. On the other hand, contexts such as 'lack of opportunity for critical review of related literature and environmental constraints' lowered epistemic sides. Second, epistemic goals and considerations influenced the reasoning complexity. The goal of 'scientific sense making' led to reasoning that pose testable hypotheses based on students' own questions. The high justification considerations led to purposely focusing attention to the control designs and developing creative experimental know-how. The high audience considerations led to defending their findings through argumentation and suggesting future research. On the other hand, the goal of 'doing the lesson' and the low justification considerations led to reasoning that did not interpret the meaning of the data and did not control the limit of experiment. The low audience considerations led to reasoning that did not actively defend their findings and not suggest future research. The results of this study suggest that guidance should provide communication and critical review opportunities.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.62
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• pp.227-255
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• 2020

This paper aims to explore the nature of the making of speaking subject in early Korean Protestantism, focusing on the educational spaces for women. Traditional women could become a speaking subject through various educational programs provided by Protestantism in modern Korea. Especially three kinds of educational space played the crucial role of making women a speaking subject. The first was Bible class established for women in rural areas. Since most Korean women were unable to read and write, Protestant churches taught them Hangul[Korean alphabet] before teaching the Bible. Korean women studied the Bible in Bible class, Women's Bible School, and Women's High Bible School. Through this education, traditional women were liberated from the world of ignorance and obedience, and then become a speaking subject. The second was speeches and discussions that have emerged in institutional spaces such as mission schools for girls and women's organizations. Students at mission school were able to learn how to express their opinions by way of public speaking and discussion classes. Women were able to become speaking subjects in the process of learning such techniques of modern language. At that time, representative discussion spaces were Lee Mun-hoe, Joyce Chapter, and YWCA. The third was testimony and dialect. Unlike sermons and public prayers, which were only allowed to male elites, testimony and dialectics are a form of speech that transcends gender or status constraints. Especially in the space of the revival movement, women confirmed their dignity through active testimony, and their religious identity was strengthened in the process. Dialect also served as the language of liberation for women suffered and alienated from male-dominant culture. Dialect is a device that exercises the right to speak against transcendental authority. Furthermore, in Protestantism of early modern Korea, the speaking subject's act of speech was elevated beyond personal matters to social issues, women's issues, and ethnic issues.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.24
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• pp.215-274
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• 2010

Iron-making industries of the country, regardless of age has been the focus. This makes the iron production technology and production techniques that result in increased economic activity and because of the central charge. Therefore, the social development of ancient iron-making technology is based on phase-sensitive. Modern steel making up the monopoly of the country's target under the strict control of production, distribution was. It is essential to produce iron weapons was a threat is because you can keep the throne in the hands of the forces that can cause side effects when I went was to block. This study created a rail Cholbi(iron monument) and the regional distribution pattern of the production, construction background, looked on. Cholbi(iron monument) for the production and recording "the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty" often appear in history books and many academic interests, but was off target. Compared to a stone monument that was not generally as well as the Japanese colonial period and over the course of modernization destroyed, damaged a lot of cases the cause may be found in front. Cholbi(iron monument), except for the gravestones of the Joseon Dynasty monument erected in honor of virtue, as an example of content that dominated a packman business, founding of the school and confirmed that a few were built as a special purpose. Cholbi(iron monument) compared to the production technology or the cost of the monument's difficulty in financing follows. Therefore Cholbi(iron monument) the establishment of the Joseon Dynasty through the background of the economic situation and the local government can look. And iron technology began complaining about the object of history, economic conditions, with the change of season has been a change in people's consciousness tells you. Important data of ancient history as an epigraph that has been as important, the Middle Ages to modern times ranging from newly born to the time Cholbi(iron monument) in the development of the country's documentary subject to change should have been brought. Based on these discussions changes the identity of the hero monument and production inspector, review of production through the Joseon Dynasty period Cholbi (iron monument) contemplated the significance is reflected in production.