• International Area Studies Review
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.3-21
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• 2018

The WTO was established in 1995 as an organization which protects and promotes free trade among its members. However, since about this time they have signed many bilateral and multilateral FTAs and joined many other new international agreements and organizations, the purpose of which at times overlaps with that of the WTO. Some existing works on international organizations contend that these FTAs and many other IOs could weaken the role of the WTO as a promoter of free trade. However, the results of regression analyses on the use of the WTO do not support this argument, but show that the experiences of WTO members in these FTAs and many other IOs help them to use its dispute settlement mechanism more frequently

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.73-86
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• 2012

This paper explains the contribution of international learning to the business performance through strengthening the international learning capability of the organization. This is consistent with the previous literature that the organization's international experience is an important determinant of the international performance and the learning capability, strengthened through organizational learning, contributes to the business performance. In addition, this paper analyzes the characteristics of international learning of a venture business, which has actively pursued internationalization, by categorizing exploitation and exploration. An important result is that the small-sized venture firm, which is weak in internal resources compared with large firms, utilizes partner network more actively to accumulate international experience by exploration. We can then confirm that this international experience strengthens learning capability and gives positive effects on the business performance.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.422-429
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• 2014

This study aims to analyze the cultural intelligence and it's relationship with cross-culture adjustment satisfaction, and performance, and then, we prove the moderating role of international experience between cultural intelligence and cross-culture adjustment with staying in the host country. An exploratory pilot study was conducted with a sample of 188 Chinese expatriates working in Korean company in Korea. Then, we proved the moderating role of international experience between cultural intelligence and cross-cultural adjustment. The results of this study have three implications for human resource development. First this study expanded the research of CQ up to the area of empirical investigation. Second, the empirical findings also supported an incremental and predictive validity that CQ increased explained variance of cross-cultural adjustment. Third, the moderating role of international experience in this study showed the importance of both CQ and international experience with staying in the host country.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.157-172
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• 2014

This study examines the relationships between TMT's characteristics - international education background ratio, international job experience ratio, international related professionals ratio- and the degree of firm's internationalization. It also examines the moderating effect of independent board on those relationships. The results of multiple regression analysis show that the ratio of TMT's foreign job experience is positively related to firm's internationalization. On the other hand, both international education background ratio and international related professionals ratio do not significantly related to firm's internationalization. Regarding the moderating effects. independent boards weaken the positive relationship between TMT's foreign education background ratio and firm's internationalization. Whereas they strengthen the positive relationship between TMT's international education background ratio and firm's internationalization. The findings of this study imply that Chinese firms should consider the interaction effects between the TMT and board on their decisions of internationalization.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.95-129
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• 1998

한국은 1990년대에 들어서면서 자본이동을 자유화함에 따라 환율의 급격한 변동을 경험하고 있으며 이로 인하여 원유수입가격(原油輸入價格)의 변동을 경험하고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 원유수입가격의 변동이 수출입에 주는 효과를 분석하기 위하여 1990년부터 1996년까지의 수요 중심의 월별 거시모형을 구축하여 국제원유가격변동으로 인한 원유수입가격 변동효과와 환율 변동으로 인한 원유수입가격 변동효과를 분석하였다. 분석 결과에 의하면 수출의 경우 국제원유가격 상승시는 단기에 -0.06% 감소하다가 그 효과가 없어지는 데 비해, 환율 상승시는 단기에 -1.84% 감소하다가 장기에 0.36%까지 증가하는 J-curve 현상을 보이고 있다. 원유수입(原油輸入)의 경우 국제원유가격 상승시는 원유(原油)가 비경쟁적 수입이므로 단기에 3.91% 증가하여 장기까지 그 수준을 유지하며, 환율 상승시는 수출과 산업생산의 영향으로 단기에 -7.5%까지 감소하다가 점차 증가하여 장기에는 0.39%까지 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있다. 원유외수입(原油外輸入)의 경우도 국제원유가격 상승시에는 장기에 -0.35% 감소하나 환율 상승시에는 수출과 산업생산의 영향으로 단기에 -4.60%까지 감소하고 장기에는 -0.15% 감소하고 있다. 결국 원유를 포함한 수출입은 국제원유가격 상승시보다 환율 변동시 더 큰 변동을 보이고 있음을 알 수 있다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.63-85
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• 1988

일본(日本)의 후진적(後進的) 중소기업구조(中小企業構造)는 경제(經濟)의 국제화(國際化)가 급속히 진전된 70년대에 크게 개선되었고, 이에 따라 중소기업문제(中小企業問題)에 대한 사회의 인식도 변하게 되었다. 국제수지(國際收支)의 흑자기조(黑字基調)가 정착되면서 급속히 진전된 경제의 국제화를 계기로 후진적(後進的) 중소기업구조(中小企業構造)가 개선된 일본의 경험은 우리 경제가 당면한 중소기업문제(中小企業問題)의 이해와 개선에 도움을 줄 것이다. 경제(經濟)의 국제화(國際化)를 계기로 우리 경제에서도 중소기업구조(中小企業構造)를 개선하는 산업조정(産業調整)이 가속될 것이다. 경제구조(經濟構造)와 내외환경(內外環境)의 차이로 인하여 중소기업분야(中小企業分野)의 산업조정과정(産業調整過程)에는 일본의 경험과 일치하지 않는 부분도 많겠지만, 경제 전반의 대외지향적(對外指向的) 기술(技術) 지식집약화(知識集約化) 과정(過程)에 의하여 규정되는 기본적 성격에는 차이가 없을 것이다. 중소기업과 관련된 경제운용의 기본방향은 이러한 중소기업분야(中小企業分野)의 산업조정(産業調整)이 시장기능(市場機能)에 의하여 점진적으로 진행되도록 유도(誘導) 지원(支援)을 강화하는 것이다.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.61-96
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• 2016

This study investigates the effects of M&A experience of Chinese firms and characteristics of deal partners in cross border M&A deal failures. 1,610 firms that participated in 1,558 cross border M&As from 2000 to November 2015 are used as samples. The dependent variable is the M&A transaction failures, which were cases of deal pending or withdrawal of Chinese firms. Major independent variables are the nationality diversity of transaction partner firm, the partner firm belonging to a developed country, domestic M&A experience of the Chinese firms, M&A experience in a particular target country, etc. After conducting a probit model analysis, we find that deal partner firm's nationality diversity increases the failure rate of M&A. While prior domestic M&A experience in China has no influence on deal failure, prior M&A experience of Chinese and focal firms in a particular country have a negative effect on the probability of deal failure. This study has academic implication on figuring out why firms are likely to fail in the process of strategic activities based on the inter-organizational learning through partnerships perspective.

• Water for future
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• v.54 no.9
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• pp.132-136
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• 2021

2021년 하계방학 동안 농어촌연구원 국제융합수리시험센터에서 현장실습을 하며 경험했던 것, 배운 점, 느낀 점을 후기로 작성하였다. 이번 현장실습동안 진행한 활동들은 크게 수리실험 교육 및 장비조작 실습, 세미나발표 참관, 문헌조사, 안전교육 4가지로 구분된다. 현장실습을 하면서 느낀 점은 수리실험은 다양한 분야에서 활용된다는 것이었다. 수리실험을 통해 산사태를 예측하여 방재계획을 수립하고, 어도를 구축하여 생태계 보호에 기여할 수 있으며, 파력발전을 통해 에너지를 생산할 수 있다는 것을 알게 되었다. 이 때 다양한 환경문제가 발생할 수도 있는 데 향후 환경 계통에 취업을 했을 시 본 현장실습을 통해 얻은 경험이 매우 유용하게 활용 될 수 있을 것이라 기대된다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.371-377
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• 2019

This study is about finding factors affecting user experience satisfaction in Korean local bookstores which are increasing recently. Previous researches are concentrated on the aspect of supplier. However, a study for actual users is needed to help develop bookstore industry. The local bookstores were classified into independent, professional, and complex cultural bookstores. Based on the four realms of an experience by the Experience Economy, this study analyzed the experience factors through questionnaires. As a result of study, the three most significant factors influencing experience satisfaction were identified through regression analysis. It is expected that this study may help develop the local bookstores industry in the future by concentrating on the actual experience of the user and finding out the major experience factors.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.627-636
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to maximize the development and utilization of digital innovation. First, analyzed the status of industrial development and digital innovation. Second, examined emotion and experience, looked into their types and properties. Third, attempted to develop a more creative and innovative user experience. The results of this study were presented as a theoretical basis, specification of research direction and research scope, and design analysis direction. It is expected to be used as a basic data that can help how to approach and interpret human emotions and behaviors in order to provide differentiated experiences by he essential concepts of emotions, experiences in various fields in the future.