• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.522-523
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• 2003

1992년 리우에서 결의된 기후변화협약은 전 인류의 공통된 그러나, 차별화된 온실가스감축 노력을 약속한 국제 환경협약인 동시에 국가경제활동을 좌우할 경제협약 나아가 기술협약의 성격을 지니고 있다. 에너지 이용과 밀접한 관계를 가지는 지구 온난화문제는 최근 미국의 교토의정서 탈퇴 선언으로 인해 기본구조가 흔들리는 위기를 맞기도 하였지만, 유럽연합을 비롯한 대부분의 국가는 지구환경 보존이라는 명분에 따라 정치적 합의를 도출함에 따라 우리나라에서도 지구 온난화 방지를 위한 온실 기체 저감 기술의 개발이 필요한 실정이다.(중략)

• School Mathematics
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.389-410
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• 2010

In this paper we examined the mutural relation of quadrilateral for the purpose to know the reason why we taught the mutural relation of quadrilateral in elementary school. We looked through the several materials, for example, national curriculum, textbooks, guide books for teachers in 1st, 2nd, 3rd curriculums. Finally we found that the mutural relation of quadrilateral was deeply involved in the concept of sets, or the concept of inclusion.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.442-446
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• 2009

최근의 극심한 가뭄현상과 4대강살리기 사업 등 하천과 관련된 국가적인 일들이 진행되고 있어 하천관리에 대한 국민적 관심이 증가하고 있다. 그 동안 하천의 관리는 국가와 지방이 각기 따로 따로 해왔고, 하천 역시 국가하천과 지방하천으로 구분되어 있다. 국가하천 구간은 전체 하천 연장의 10% 이내이기 때문에 대부분의 하천관리는 지방이 담당하고 있다고 해도 과언이 아니다. 그러나 현실적으로 지방행정기관의 하천관리 인력은 턱없이 부족한 실정이다. 기후변화와 물수요 증가 등 하천관리에 대한 중요성과 하천을 행정구역이 아닌 유역 중심으로 관리해야하는 필요성이 증대됨에 따라 최근 국토해양부는 하천법 개정(2008.4)을 통해 국토보전상 또는 국민경제상 중요한 하천을 추가로 국가하천으로 지정할 수 있는 법적 기반을 만들었다. 하천에 대한 등급의 조정은 이해당사자들의 관계 및 지자체간의 문제 등 다양한 변수들이 존재하기 때문에 쉬운 작업은 아니다. 추가로 지정하기 전에 좀 더 세부적인 고민이 요구된다는 것이다. 그렇다면 어떤 하천이 국토의 보전과 국민경제적으로 중요한 하천인지, 어느 정도나 국가하천으로 지정되어야 하는지, 국가하천과 지방하천으로 구분하는 이유는 무엇이고 꼭 그렇게 구분해야 하는지, 국가하천과 지방하천의 관리를 위해 중앙정부와 지자체의 역할과 기능은 무엇이어야 하는지 등이 검토되어야 한다. 하천관리에 요구되는 기능과 역할을 누가 어떻게 책임지고 하는지에 따라 향후 하천관리에 큰 영향을 줄 것이다. 본 연구에서는 하천관리의 효율성 측면에서 이 같은 점들에 대한 답을 하고자 하였다. 특히 국가하천의 추가 지정과 관련된 문제점과 향후의 정책방향을 제시하였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.300-308
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• 2010

This study empirically investigates the export structure change of OECD countries in the field of information technology from 1995 to 2005. We used Between and Within Entropy index to estimate the difference of export structure change rather than RCA index(simple export structure change). In addition, we also estimate the relationship between R&D activities and export difference. First, empirical findings showed that IT export market concentration is decreasing gradually, and changing to more competitive market structure. Second, compared to other OECD countries, Korean exports weight of information and communication industry can be seen higher than that of bio-industry. Third, Entropy index was increased from 1995 and then gradually decreased as the starting point of 2000. Finally, the relationship between R & D activities in the telecommunications industry and impact of the export structure changes was a positive.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.133-150
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• 2015

In this study, we proposed Interactive Visualization methods that can be analyzed relations between nations in various viewpoints such as period, issue using total 5211 of the UN General Assembly voting data.For this research, we devised a similarity matrix between nations and developed two visualization method based similarity matrix. The first one is Network Graph Visualization that can be showed relations between nations which participated in the vote of the UN General Assembly like Social Network Graph by year. and the second one is Proximity based Circular Visualization that can be analyzed relations between nations focus on one nation or Changes in voting patterns between nations according to time. This study have a great signification. that's because we proposed Proximity based Circular Visualization methods which merged Line and Circle Graph for network analysis that never tried from other cases of studies that utilize conventional voting data and made it. We also derived co-operatives of each visualization through conducting a comparative experiment for the two visualization. As a research result, we found that Proximity based Circular Visualization can be better analysis each node and Network Graph Visualization can be better analysis patterns for the nations.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.245-260
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• 2004

The author made two major arguments in this paper based on a case study on Songdo Free Economic Zone in South Korea. First, the state power is still being maintained when looking at the development process of the project. Planning and development has been mainly on the hands of government officials. The project reflect the logic of the state rather than the market. And the government tries to manage globalization through Songdo project. Second, even though globalization did not bring about the decline of the state, it changed the state's approach on spatial issues. Songdo is an articulate expression of pursuit of efficiency over equity with the rise of the globalization wave. Songdo also leaves the Korean state a task for consensus-building concerning liberalization.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.343-363
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• 2015

This study is to analyze the effects of climate change on national total factor productivity. Changes in temperature and rainfalls which are the representative climate variables are used as main factors to measure climate change. Not only average values of the variables but those highest values are used as independent variables in the model, in order to consider the characteristic pattern of recent climate change, the high volatilities. The OLS results are corresponding to previous literature that average temperature has a negative relationship with productivities while average rainfalls have a positive relationship. However, the results of panel analysis contradict the argument of the negative relationship between average temperature and productivities since human beings can adapt the climate change. Therefore adaptation capacity is important to forecast the effects of climate changes on economies.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2010

In theoretical term, cultural/institutional approach, the peculiarly of the later comers, such as Hong Kong, Korea, Twain, and the converging influence from Post-modernism underlie this paper. The first approach is influential in understanding the survival of many traditional values within most of the Hong Kong firms. The later comer one can be used to explain the fact that later comer enjoyed various synergy effects when their oriental values are combined with new practices. The last one is also quite useful for the explanation of why most modern firms exposed to a severe international competition adopted human resource management But problem is that these are subjected to severe criticism because of their downgrading nature against employees.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.61-82
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• 2011

Public resistance is an essential factor of the democratization process. Due to this, public resistance has been recognized as an important element in discussing the democratization of China. Recently in China, and a new era of resistance especially the agrarian resistance has been being expanded. This paper identifies trends and characteristics of that. With searching changes in the relationship between the nation and the societies in China, we will check whether democratization can be built from the whole bottom of the nation's ideology or not. It is a paradox of china's economic growth that the peasant uprising increased is a factor to the growth. The farmers' smoldering discontent exploded with rage because rural communities have been forced to sacrifice during the growth. The authoritarian party-state system in China has been faced with the limits in calming the peasant revolt down with the traditional suppression and restriction. Even though the party-state system in China has accepted farmers' dissatisfaction somewhat, and it has tried to improve its image of a benevolent government and pursued buying stability strategy, the gap between urban and rural areas has been expanded in the sustainable economic development and modernization process, therefore the authorities could not soothe the farmers' sense of alienation. Accordingly, the peasant revolt has not flickered out easily, and has been getting uncontrolled across China. Resistance characteristics of Chinese farmers have also changed. In the past, they had been sporadic and indirect ways, whereas in recent years, they have changed into organized and active ways. Of course, it is generally evaluated that the party-state system has sustained a strong social control so far. Buying stability strategy has prevented farmers' complaints from spreading to a threat to its regime, because civil societies in rural areas have still weak foundations from being formed. The party-state system, because of tensions and conflicts, will control the growing powers of civil societies in rural areas with institutionalization of interaction between the nation and the societies, and they will induce street protests to legalized struggle for a while. However, the relationship between the state and the societies has already started new rearrangement, in terms of that the conflicts between the state and rural communities have continued, and the changes of resistance ways.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.121-138
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• 2010

This paper investigates the effectiveness of the Bretton Woods II hypothesis, by analysing the relationship between the exchange rates and the U.S. current account against 9 Asian countries for the period of 1999-2008. According to the estimation results, It is found that the Asian currencies' real depreciation significantly have worsened the U.S. current account against the Asian countries. Also, the U.S. current account was significantly affected by GDP and investment of the U.S. and the Asian countries. Thus, It is hard to say that the main driver of the global imbalance is the exchange rates devaluation policies of Asian countries as the Bretton Woods II hypothesis argues. The global imbalance is more likely to be complementally affected by savings glut in the Asian region and the deficiency of net saving in the U.S. Therefore, the global imbalance is expected to adjust when economic conditions besides exchange rates change.