• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.287-302
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• 2003

우리나라의 산·학·연 기술혁신시스템을 점검하고 문제에 대한 대책을 제시하였다. 대학의 문제점으로는 교수인력의 유동성부족과 비경쟁체제를 지적하였다. 출연연은 기능을 공공문제해결로 전환해야 하며, 연구원신분의 안정을 지적하였다. 산업계의 R&D 능력의 제고를 위하여, 정부의 유인책을 제시하였다. 그리고 과학기술 담당부처에서는 국가연구개발사업을 공공부문으로 전환할 것을 제안하며, 종합조정의 범위확대, 평가시스템의 투명화, 연구관리의 전문성 보강, 기술분류를 통한 연구관리 그리고 과학산업의 육성을 제안하였다. 이러한 일들이 제대로 수행되려면 공무원의 전문성이 보강되어야 함을 주장하며, 산·학·연 및 공무원의 전문성제고가 우리 경쟁력제고의 가장 중요한 방향이라고 제기하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.279-291
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• 2012

1970년초 '자주국방'으로 시작한 방위산업의 역량은 재래식 무기의 국산화 단계를 넘어서 일부 첨단무기를 독자 개발할 수 있는 수준에 도달하였다. 하지만 그동안 방위산업 정책은 내수시장을 중심으로 이뤄졌었고, 방위산업체를 중심으로 한 제한된 경쟁체제였다. 그 결과 국방과학기술 경쟁력은 11위인 반면에 민수분야 과학기술경쟁력은 4위로 눈부신 발전을 하였다. 또한 2009년 스톡홀롬 국제평화연구소 발표에 따르면 우리나라는 무기 수입국 3위인 반면, 수출은 17위에 위치해 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 위와 같은 문제 인식을 바탕으로 시작하였으며, 특히 민수업체의 방산분야 참여를 통해 국내시장의 규모를 넓히고, 국내경쟁력 향상하고, 더 나아가 방위산업 글로벌 경쟁력을 확보하여 국가 방위력개선 뿐만 아니라 수출 선도 산업으로 자리매김할 수 있는 개방형 기술혁신체계 구축 방법을 모색하였다. 또한 민수분야의 조사를 통해 방위산업 진입장벽을 파악하였으며, 진입장벽 해소를 통해 방위산업 경쟁력 강화를 할 수 있는 방법을 고찰하였다. 국방분야의 개방형 기술혁신체계 구축은 국가과학기술을 선도하고, 군 전력증강 및 국가경제발전에 기여할 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.569-589
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• 2017

최근 정부는 변화하는 환경에 조응하기 위한 혁신적인 국가 R&D 시스템의 도입 및 성과평가 준거 틀의 전환을 시도하고 있다. 이에 연구자 중심의 "정부 R&D 혁신방안(2015)"을 제안하고 기존의 추격형 R&D체제에서 벗어나 질적 우수성 추구로 패러다임 전환과 창의 도전적 R&D에 초점을 맞춘 평가방식, 그리고 행정시스템 간소화 등을 해결해야 할 주요 과제로 제안하고 있다. 하지만, 다양한 이해관계자가 제시한 지속적인 의견 등을 고려할 때, 변화 이슈에 대한 장기적인 R&D 시스템 전개방향은 공감되나, 실행단계에서 실효적 적용은 많은 논의가 필요해 보인다. 특히, 특정 집단의 이해관계를 벗어나기 힘든 경우, 편향된 이슈 및 정책 제안이 제시되거나, 제안된 정책 간 일관성 있는 논리를 설정하기 어렵거나, 불특정 다수의 이해관계자 집단 간 이익 대변 혹은 현실을 벗어나는 이상적인 방향을 제안하는 경우도 있다. 따라서 이해관계자를 넘어서는 통합적 관점에서 사회 전체적 여건을 고려하는 혁신적 국가 R&D 시스템에 대한 정책적 실행방안을 고민해 볼 필요성이 제기된다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라의 과학기술 혁신정책 및 R&D 성과, 주요국 관련 동향 등을 살펴보고 현행 R&D 추진 시스템을 사회 시스템 차원에서 바라보며, 제기되는 관련 이슈에 대한 비판적 담론과 쟁점을 정리 및 분석하였다. 또한, R&D 혁신주체 간 상호작용 및 추진 시스템 효율성 측면의 핵심 이슈를 분석하여 R&D 추진 시스템 중장기 구축방향과 한계도 체계적으로 살펴보았으며, 이를 정리한 실행전략을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.581-606
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• 2004

Korean Innovation Systems are in transition from catch-up regime to post catch-up regime. This paper tries to analyse the change of scientific and technological practices in the public sector of Korea Innovation Systems. This paper focus on the way public sector scientific and technological practices are regulated and contribute to private sector. It is argued that self-governing practice of public S&T community is being enhanced and the requests of private sector for the public sector's contribution through research activity are reinforced in emerging post catch-up regime.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.79-100
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• 2019

Despite the importance of manufacturing to the national economy, the sharp decline in the share of employment is a common problem faced by developed countries, including Korea. In particular, science and technology jobs are important in terms of policy because they are directly related to the quality of employment and industrial competitiveness, but previous research on this is insignificant. This study analyzed the effects of new product development, new process development, open innovation, and government R&D support on science and technology job creation after subdividing manufacturing industry by technology regime. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the development of new products contributed to the expansion of science and technology jobs, but the development of new processes decreased science and technology jobs. In addition, open innovation has the effect of reducing science and technology jobs due to outsourcing of research and development functions, and government R&D support contributes to creating science and technology jobs in traditional industries with low demand for technological innovation.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.79-102
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• 2009

This study reviews the issue of public interests of technologies required in industrial technology policy as well as the demand for changes in industrial technology policy as result of the migration from catch-up to post catch-up innovation system. In fact, the importance of public interests which served as the rationale for government intervention in industrial technology policy have gradually faded, which invited controversies over the legitimacy and effectiveness of government intervention in promoting specific technologies or industries. Today, the existing policy framework has to change to correspond to the post catch-up environment which requires creative technology development. In this context, the Korean government needs to reduce direct support for certain companies or technologies, but increase R&D investment in energy, environment and health and welfare to enhance public interests of technology innovation activities.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.41-83
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• 2019

Recently, the establishment of the Special Act on National Research and Development(tentatively named) has been discussed with the aim of providing a legal basis for the comprehensive management of national research and development programs, which have thus far been independently implemented by government ministries. This paper analyzes the legislative process of the Framework Act on Science and Technology(hereafter, the "Framework Act") introduced for a similar purpose in 2001. By examining who had proposed various versions of the legislation prior to the enactment of the Framework Act, and which draft bill was derived ultimately through controversies, this paper will present the following two arguments: First, the obsession with a single regulation that can be applicable to all national research and development programs may lead to unintended consequences, given that the history of national research and development programs, each of which has been implemented by different government ministries, is quite long. Second, the Framework Act has an impact to date while it consistently internalizes the very unique orientations, as the concepts of "national competitiveness" and "national innovation system" postulate, even though it failed to establish an integrated rule. The case of the Framework Act will be a window through which one can glimpse how the present debate on the enactment of the Special Act on National Research and Development shall proceed, and further, reflect on the issues that were overlooked.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-27
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• 2009

This study aims at reviewing and assessing the characteristics of the Korean Science, Technology and Innovation(STI) policy of the 2000s. Starting from the 2000s, Korea's STI policy began to show a new look as there was a clear voice calling for the new strategy creating a new technological development path and the scope of the policy was expanded to the social and quality of life issues. "Creation" and "integration" are becoming the key words of the STI policy of Korea. However, these new trends are not easy to be diffused or institutionalized because still there is the legacy of the old practice of the "catch-up" period, which focused on economic development as well as the imitation of advanced technologies. As result, the current period of the 2000s shows characteristics of a transitional period where the past and the future coexist.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2003

The mechanism of knowledge production in the basic science has been changed throughout the development process in Korea. During the 1970s, the focus resides in the support of individual scientists while it concentrated on the support of research organization, centered on center of excellence from the 1980s. The change in the sup-porting mechanism to basic science result in the transformation of knowledge production system in the university and impact on the behavior of individual scientists. This paper focuses on the co-evolution process between newly adopted supporting program for basic science and the knowledge production system via the case study of representative program of center of excellence supporting program in Korea.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.165-198
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• 2014

The national R&D performance evaluation system in Korea has been influenced by 'New Public Management' since the 1980s. The 1997 IMF crisis in Korea has necessitated the overhaul of S&T policy strategies in Korea. Reflecting this, effective distribution and utilization of S&T investment and resources has emerged as a crucial policy agenda, while expansionary investment in S&T maintained. During the period of 1999-2005, the R&D evaluation has been more focused on the input side and execution processes than on the results of R&D. Evaluation results were to be reflected in the budgeting of national R&D, but there were some disputes over how to make use of evaluation results between the budgeting ministry and the evaluation agency partly because they were two separate entities. After the advent of the new government(1998-2003) which advocated 'science and technology-oriented society', the national R&D evaluation system has evolved through a new legislation, the Performance Assessment Act, and the establishment of Science & Technology Innovation Agency to build up the unique framework for national R&D evaluation differentiated from the assessment system for general government investment programs. Most recently, due to 'Comprehensive Improvement Plan' in 2013, various components of national R&D evaluation seem to move on a new evolutionary track. For example, different types of evaluation are being developed and tried in accordance with differing evaluation goals, and the individual ministries and the research councils has got more enhanced autonomy and responsibility regarding R&D evaluation. So-called 'tailored' evaluation methods, taking into consideration the characteristics of programs and institutes / organizations to be evaluated, are now being tried. Competences of evaluation experts and agencies has also to be improved and strengthened.