• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.315-330
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• 2000

The GIUH (Geomorphologic Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph) is to be applied to the ungauged or insufficiently gauged basins. For tIris purpose, an accurate estimation of the charactenstlc velocity is one very important part, but any proper method for this has not been developed yet. In case that we have enough rainfall and runoff clata, the estimation of the characteristic velocity may be an easy job, but it is out of the purpose of the GIUH. Remindmg that the purpose of GIUH the characterisbc veloclty should be estimated based on the geomorpholog1c analysis and also be snnple for easy apphcation. In tIris research analysis cmd application of the GruH was given to several sub-basins in Wi-stream river basin, Gono, Donggok and Hyoryung. After deriving the characteristic velocity througn a optimizatlOn process with real data, it is compared w1th several velOCIties der1ved from geOlnoI1Jhoclimatic instantaneous unit hydrograph theory and several other concentration time formulae. The estimated charactenstic velocities using Kerby, Kim, KInematic Wave, and Brasby- Williams formulae found to g1ve the appropriate results. Hmvever, as the Kerby, and the Kinematic Wave require user's decision of the IvIanning's n value, the K1m and the Braby-Williams seem to be more applicable and recommended as characteristic velocity formula.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.21-22
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• 2009

최근, 헵타메틴 시아닌색소(heptamethinecyanine)는 그 적용 범위가 넓기 때문에 많은 연구자들의 관심을 받고 있다. 특히, photo-sensitizers, dye lasers, optical recordings와 storage media 등 다양한 분야에 적용이 가능하다. 헵타메틴 시아닌색소의 주된 특징은 polymethine 사슬에 연결된 cyclohexene 고리에 의하여 근적외선 부근에서 흡수가 이뤄진다는 것이다. 근적외선 색소의 흡수 특성을 HOMO와 LUMO 에너지 전위를 사용하여, 수치화 함으로써 분자간, 분자내 상호작용을 분석 할 수 있다. 따라서, 본 실험은 헵타메틴 시아닌 색소의 치환체에 따른 전기화학적 특성을 순환 전압-전류법(Cyclic voltammetry)과 분자 모델링을 통하여 HOMO와 LUMO의 에너지 준위를 구하고, 치환체 효과가 헵타메틴 시아닌색소에 미치는 전기화학적 특성을 UV-Vis와 계산으로부터 얻어진 에너지준위를 분석하고자 한다. 본 실험에 사용된 Uv-Vis 스펙트럼 측정은 Agilent 8453 UV-Vis spectrophotometer를 사용하였고, 전기화학적 분석 방법인 순환 전압-전류법은 Versa STAT 3 (Princeton allied research in USA)를 사용하였다. 순환전압-전류법의 측정은 Acetonitrile 용액에 $TBAPF_6$ (Tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate)를 전해질로 하고, Ag/$Ag^+$을 기준전극으로 사용하여 주사 속도를 50mV/s로 하여 측정 하였다. 치환체에 의한 영향을 알아보기 위하여 분자구조 최적화 모델링을 사용하였다. 3차원 분자입체 특성 및 에너지 준위 상태는 Materials studio 4.2를 사용하여 특성을 예측 하였다. 본 연구에서는, 헵타메틴 시아닌 색소의 기본 골격에 각기 다른 치환체를 치환 시켜 치환체에 의한 영향을 전기화학적인 방법인 순환 전압-전류법(Cyclic voltammetry)와 분자 모델링 방법을 사용하여, HOMO와 LUMO에너지 준위 값을 구함으로써 치환체에 의한 영향을 알아보았다. 치환체로는 Dye 1과 Dye 2로 치환된 헵타메틴 시아닌 색소를 사용하였다. 이렇게 얻어진 HOMO/LUMO 에너지 준위 값으로부터 이온화 에너지($I_p$)와 전자 친화도($E_a$) 또한 구할 수 있는데, $I_p$와 $E_a$는 분자 오비탈과 전자전이에 관련된 값들이고, 이는 계산을 통하여 얻을 수 있다. 순환 전압-전류법의 계산 방법은 봉우리 전위(peak postential)와 (onset potential)방법이 있는데, 이 계산을 통한 전위 값들이 봉우리 전위 계산 방법이 onset potential 방법에 비하여 작은 전위 값으로 나타난다. 하지만 이 두 가지 방법 모두 현재 순환 전압-전류법을 사용하여 HOMO/LUMO 에너지 준위를 측정하는 방법에 쓰이고 있으며, 어떠한 계산 방법이 더 정확하다고는 말 할 수 없지만, 본 실험 결과를 통하여 비교 분석한 결과 onset potential 계산 방법이 봉우리 전위 계산 방법에 비하여 정확하다고 판단된다. Dye 1과 Dye 2를 순환 전압-전류법으로 측정한 결과 각기 다른 전위를 나타내고 이것을 계산을 통하여 정량화하면 Dye 2가 Dye 1에 비하여 높은 전위 값을 갖음을 알 수 있는데, 이것은 ethyl 에 비하여 surful 원자의 전자공여성이 더 크다고 할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.2149-2156
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• 2011

In this paper, design of a new 3-dimensional (3-D) 16-ary signal constellation with constant envelope is presented and analyzed. Unlike the conventional 16-ary constellations, all signal points of the new constellation are uniformly located on the surface of a sphere so that they have a unique amplitude level and a symmetrical structure. When average power of the constellations is normalized, the presented 16-ary constellation has around 11.4% increased minimum Euclidean distance (MED) as compared to the conventional ones that have non-constant envelope. As a result, a digital communication system which exploits the presented constellation has 1.2dB improved symbol error rate (SER). While signal points of the conventional constant-envelope constellation are not distributed uniformly on the surface of a sphere, those of the proposed constellation has a completely symmetric distribution. In addition, the new signal constellation has much lower computational complexity for practical implementation than the conventional one. Hence, the proposed 3-D 16-ary signal constellation is appropriate for the application to a communication system which strongly requires a constant-envelope characteristic.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.84-92
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• 2002

A $32{\times}32$ pixels foveated (linear-polar) structure retina chip with the function of local-light adaptation for edge detection has been designed and fabricated using CMOS technology. Human retina can detect a wide range of light intensity. In this study, we use the biologically-inspired visual signal processing mechanism that consists of photoreceptors, horizontal cells, and bipolar cells in order to implement the function of edge detection in the retina chip. For a local-light adaptive function, the size of receptive field is changed locally according to the input light intensity. The spatial distribution of sensing pixels in the foveated retina chip has the advantages of selective reduction of image data and good resolution in central part to carry out the elaborate image processing with still enough resolution in the outer parts. The designed chip has been fabricated using standard $0.6\;{\mu}m$ double-poly triple-metal CMOS technology and optimized using HSPICE simulator.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.286-292
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• 2015

We developed a rapid isolation method for fractionation of polysaccharides with different characteristics, and optimized it for the polysaccharide mixture from Korean citrus peels. A crude polysaccharide mixture, citrus-peel-enzyme (CPE) fraction was isolated from the citrus peels digested with pectinase and ethanol precipitation. CPE was further fractionated with serially diluted ethanol solution (ethanol:deionized water=8:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1.5:1, 1:1, and 0.5:1) to produce seven fractions labeled from CPE8 to CPE0.5. Fraction from CPE8 to CPE1 were mostly composed of 11 different sugars, including rhamnogalacturonan (RG) I and II, and the sugars contained arabino-${\beta}$-3,6-galactan moiety. However, CPE0.5 did not contain RG-II and arabino-${\beta}$-3,6-galactans. Treatment of macrophages with fractions CPE8-CPE1 led to a dose-dependent increase in interleukin-6 production (IL-6), while treatment with CPE1 and CPE0.5 fractions resulted in decreased levels of IL-6. These results indicate that this isolation method may be useful for the rapid fractionation of bioactive RGs from polysaccharide mixtures.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2020

Three-dimensional microscopic approaches in histopathology display multiplex properties that present puzzling questions for specimens as related to their comprehensive volumetric information. This information includes spatial distribution of molecules, three-dimensional co-localization, structural formation and whole data set that cannot be determined by two-dimensional section slides due to the inevitable loss of spatial information. Advancement of optical instruments such as two-photon microscopy and high performance objectives with motorized correction collars have narrowed the gap between optical theories and the actual reality of deep tissue imaging. However, the benefits gained by a prolonged working distance, two-photon laser and optimized beam alignment are inevitably diminished because of the light scattering phenomenon that is deeply related to the refractive index mismatch between each cellular component and the surrounding medium. From the first approaches with simple crude refractive index matching techniques to the recent cutting-edge integrated tissue clearing methods, an achievement of transparency without morphological denaturation and eradication of natural and fixation-induced nonspecific autofluorescence out of real signal are key factors to determine the perfection of tissue clearing and the immunofluorescent staining for high contrast images. When performing integrated laboratory workflow of tissue for processing frozen and formalin-fixed tissues, clear lipid-exchanged acrylamide-hybridized rigid imaging/immunostaining/in situ hybridization-compatible tissue hydrogel (CLARITY), an equipment-based tissue clearing method, is compatible with routine procedures in a histopathology laboratory.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1006-1013
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• 2006

To High Throughput Screening (HTS), a homogeneous fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) was developed for the quantitative determination of ochratoxin A(OTA) using a $Victor^3$ (PerkinElmer). The homologous tracer, fluorescein-labelled OTA-EDF were synthesized and a specific OTA antibody has been used in the development of the method. It allowed the determination of OTA in the concentration range 0.5-200 ng/ml, with the detection limit of 0.3 ng/ml. The method developed was highly specific and reproducible. OTA spikes in unpolished rice extracts were determinable by FPIA with good recovery. For naturally contaminated unpolished rice samples some disagreement was observed between the results obtained by FPIA and HPLC, which could be related to the a little matrix effect observed for FPIA. Further research is needed to validate the procedure. On the basis of these initial results, this FPIA appears to meet the performance criteria for OTA screening of food samples without a complicated clean-up.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.55-60
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• 2005

The evaluation of neutron flux distribution was performed for the ex-core detector design of SMART-P. DORT and MCNP code were used for the calculation of energy-dependent neutron flux distribution at 100% full power condition. Two code results show that maximum thermal flux appears at the $1^{st}$ water region in IST region and agree within 10% difference. In addition, another evaluation was performed code with assumptions that cote was composed of fission source and control rod without fuel assemblies. These assumptions make neutron count rate to be minimized. As a results, maximum thermal flux showed $6.99{\times}10^{-2}(n/cm^2-sec)$, when the strength of initial fission source was assumed as $1.0{\times}10^8(n/sec)$. The main reason of these results is due to the thermalization of fast neutrons in the water region and thermal flux is proportional to 80% of total neutron flux. Therefore, optimization of filler material of detector guide tube, position of installation and axial length of detector segments is necessary for the design of ex-core detector to enhance the neutron count rate and above results could be used in ex-core detector design as a fluence requirement.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.4C
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• pp.333-341
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• 2002

This article is written to make a foundation for effective radio network engineering by enabling the accurate traffic assumption between Base Station (BTS : Base Station Transceiver Subsystem) md Repeater through the scientific and systematic analysis of mobile traffic dealt within CDMA Base Station. Among these, Repeater, having direct physical connection with BTS, simply does the remote relay function but the volume of the traffic flowed into the repeater is not accountable. The total BTS traffic is the sum of traffic dealt by the BTS and multiple Repeaters. In this article, we tried traffic analysis of this kind by adopting RTD (Round Trip Delay) which is specially designed to measure distribution of the distance between the Base Station and the Mobile station by differentiating the traffic dealt by BTS from traffic dealt by Repeaters. The fact that the connection between mobile station and BTS via Repeater (which is located remotely) yields far more delay than the direct connection between mobile station and BTS is the clue of this article. Based on this fact, Time Delay equipment was put at the receiving side of the Repeater to add certain amount of delay to the traffic to BTS and the result showed that the 99.78% of the traffic can be identified.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.43-50
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• 2018

Biometric information computing is greatly influencing both a computing system and Big-data system based on the bio-information system that combines bio-signal sensors and bio-information processing. Unlike conventional data formats such as text, images, and videos, biometric information is represented by text-based values that give meaning to a bio-signal, important event moments are stored in an image format, a complex data format such as a video format is constructed for data prediction and analysis through time series analysis. Such a complex data structure may be separately requested by text, image, video format depending on characteristics of data required by individual biometric information application services, or may request complex data formats simultaneously depending on the situation. Since previous bio-information processing computing systems depend on conventional computing component, computing structure, and data processing method, they have many inefficiencies in terms of data processing performance, transmission capability, storage efficiency, and system safety. In this study, we propose an improved biosensing converged big data computing architecture to build a platform that supports biometric information processing computing effectively. The proposed architecture effectively supports data storage and transmission efficiency, computing performance, and system stability. And, it can lay the foundation for system implementation and biometric information service optimization optimized for future biometric information computing.