• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.1261-1267
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• 2013

In multibody mechanical systems, low-degree-of-freedom (DOF) joints such as revolute and translational joints are much more frequently used than high-DOF joints. In order to formulate kinematic constraint equations, especially for low-DOF joints, in an efficient and systematic manner, this paper presents a parametric generalized coordinate formulation as a new approach for describing constraint equations. In the proposed approach, joint constraint equations are formulated in terms of a mixed set of Cartesian and parametric generalized coordinates, which drastically reduces the complexity and computational cost of the partial derivatives of the constraints such as the constraint Jacobian. The proposed formulation is validated using a simple cylinder-crank system with an implicit integrator.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.243-254
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• 2013

Internally Confined Hollow RC(ICH RC) column consisted of concrete, transverse reinforcement, longitudinal reinforcement, and inner tube. It had good strength and ductility by core concrete was become triaxial confining state with transverse reinforcement and inner tube. There were two confining stress as external confining stress and internal confining stress in an ICH RC column. While external confining stress was researched by former researchers, internal confining stress has not researched. In this paper, confining stress of both Hollow RC column and ICH RC column was investigated using FEA program. Relation between theoretical confining stress and internal confining stress was drawn by analysis results. Modified failure condition equations of inner tube were suggested to base on failure condition equations of inner tube by former researcher. When thickness of inner tube was calculated by modified equations, it could be economic because thickness of inner tube was reduced 50% compared with former researcher equations in order to same confining stress.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.4733-4738
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• 2013

This paper proposes a method to obtain the dynamic equilibrium configuration of a constrained mechanical system by using multibody dynamic analysis. Dynamic equilibrium equations with independent coordinates are derived from the time-dependent constraint equations and dynamic equations of a multibody system. The Newton-Raphson method is used to find numerical solutions for nonlinear algebraic equations that are composed of the dynamic equilibrium and constraint equations. The proposed method is applied to obtain the dynamic equilibrium configuration of a speed governor, and the results are verified on the basis of the results from conventional dynamic analysis. Furthermore, vertical displacements at equilibrium configuration, which varied with the rotational velocity of the speed governor, are calculated, and design parameter analysis of the equilibrium configuration is presented.

• Composites Research
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.28-38
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• 2003

In this study, the analytical investigation of orthotropic rectangular plate is presented. The loaded edges are assumed to be simply supported and the unloaded edges could have elastically restrained boundary conditions including the extreme boundary condition such as simple, fixed, and free. Using the closed-form solutions, the buckling analyses of orthotropic plate with arbitrary boundary conditions are performed. Based on the data obtained by conducting numerical analysis, the simplified form of equation for finding the buckling coefficient of plate with elastically restrained boundary conditions at the unloaded edges is suggested as a function of aspect ratio, elastic restraint. and material properties of the plate. The results of buckling analyses by closed-form solution and simplified form of solution are compared for various orthotropic material properties. It is confirmed that the difference of results is less than 1.5%.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.4A
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• pp.227-235
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• 2012

Recently, study of confining effect in column members is progressed. But these studies are limited to about RC column and external confining effect in hollow columns. Internal confining effect in hollow columns has not researched. Internal confining stress is assumed the same external confining stress in hollow columns. In this study, there are to investigate the internal direction confining effect in ICH CFT column by FEA analysis. FEA analysis methods have verified by experimental values. Parametric study has performed as thickness of internal tube, hollow ratio, diameter of column and bending stiffness between concrete and external tube. Modified equations have suggested to estimating economic and reasonable thickness of internal tube.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.236-242
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• 2009

This paper presents a numerical analysis method to determine flange contact at variable wheel positions. The shapes of the wheel and rail surface functions with surface parameters. The Newton-Rhapson method for wheel-rail contact can provide fast solutions, but may not yield true values at optimization process with the condition that minimum distance is zero can time-consuming. A compound method, combining the Newton-Rhapson methods the optimization process method is proposed to provide exact solutions efficiently.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.911-918
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• 2014

In this paper, a selective activation strategy of cohesive elements using user subroutine UMPC was studied as an efficient solution for the added compliance problem in cohesive zone model crack propagation analyses. The cohesive elements were inserted between every bulk elements in region where cracks were expected to initiate and propagate, but initially not activated by tying the cohesive nodes using multi-point constraints. During analyses, the cohesive elements for which specified criterion was met were selectively activated by releasing the constraints. The effect of initial cohesive stiffness and the release criterion on the crack propagation behavior was carefully investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.529-534
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• 2014

Pyrotechnic devices are widely used for space appendages. However, a cube satellite requirements do not permit the use of explosive pyrotechnic device. A nichrome burn wire release has typically been used for holding and release of deployable appendages of the cube satellite due to its simplicity and low cost. However, relatively low mechanical constraint force and system complexity for application of multi-deployable systems are disadvantages of the conventional mechanism. To overcome these drawbacks, we developed a hinge driving segmented nut type holding and release mechanism based on the nichrome burn wire release. The functional performance of the mechanism has been verified through release function test, static load test and shock level measurement test.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.124-143
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• 1997

본 논문은 능동 구속층 감쇠(active constrained layer damping) 처리된 관의 동적 모델링과 정식화를 제시한다. 판의 운동방정식은 Hamilton정리를 이용하여 전개된 판, piezoelectric film 및 점탄성층의 운동방정식을 조합하므로서 유도된다. 이 운동방정식은 외부인가전압의 영향하에서 적층판의 해석적 모델을 제공할 뿐만이 아니라, 판 구조내에서 진동에너지를 감소시킬 수 있는 전단층의 효과에 대한 변위관계식을 나타낸다. 그리고 운동방정식에 대응하는 경계조건도 유도되었다. 또한 판과 능동구속층감쇠계의 동특성을 설명하기 위한 유한요소모델이 유도되었다. 이 모델의 타당성을 실온조건에서 실험적으로 입증하였다. 개발된 이론 및 실험적인 결과들은 판과 능동구속층 감쇠계가 구조진동의 감쇠를 위한 매우 유효한 수단으로 사용될 수 있음을 나타내었다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.80-90
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• 1994

Basic constraint equations derived from orthogonality conditions between a pair of body-fixed vectors and a body-fixed vector or a vector between two bodies are reformulated by using relative coordinate kinematics between two adjacent reference frames. Arithmetic numbers of operations required to compute derivatives of the constraint equations are drastically reduced. A mixed formulation of relative and cartesian coordinates is developed to further simplify derivatives of the constraints. Advantages and disadvantages of the new formulation are discussed. Possible singularity problem of para llelism constraints is resolved by introducing an extra generalized coordinate. Kinematic analysis of a McPherson strut suspension system are carried out to illustrate use and efficiency of the new formulation.