• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.459-465
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• 1999

The inhibition degree of the isolated bacteria on plaque formation of Streptococcus mutans, and the effect of these bacterial genus on the concentration of total bacteria in saliva were assessed with the following. The effectiveness of the isolated bacteria on the inhibition of plaque formation was assessed culturing Streptococcus mutans in the beaker with orthodontic wires. The mean weight of plaque produced on a wire was 152mg in the culture of Streptococcus mutans only, whereas being reduced to 4mg, 78mg, or 72mg in the combined culture of Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus durans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, or Streptococcus oralis. The colony forming units (CFU) of Streptococcus mutans were $3.6{\times}10^8$ per ml in the culture of Streptococcus mutans, only, wheras being $1.4{\times}10^6,\;5.6{\times}10^6,\;or\;3.8{\times}10^6$ per ml in the combined culture of Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus durans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, or Streptococcus oralis. When saliva from children was inoculated on brain heart infusion agar, the colony forming units of bacteria were $4.8{\times}10^6\;to\;1.3{\times}10^9$ per ml of saliva. The concentration of Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, or Streptococcus inhibiting Streptococcus mutans in saliva was not proportioned to that of total bacteria replicated on brain heart infusion agar. These results indicate that the isolated bacteria inhibited the replication of Streptococcus mutans, resulting into inhibiting the formation of plaque, but the concentration of Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, or Streptococcus inhibiting Streptococcus mutans, in saliva might not affect the total bacterial concentration of saliva.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2007

연구 목적 : 구취의 주된 화학적 요소는 휘발성 황 화합물 (VSCs)들이다. 이들은 치태, 설태, 타액과 혈액, 상피세포의 혐기성 그람 음성 세균에 의한 단백분해 변성으로 만들어 진다. 또한 구취는 치주질환과 타액내의 세균의 증가를 야기하는 불량한 구강 위생상태에서 기인한다고 보고되고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 VSCs를 측정함으로 구취에 대한 비외과적 치주 치료의 영향을 평가하고, 타액내의 세균 수를 측정함으로써 VSCs와의 상관관계를 살펴보고자 하는 것이다. 연구 대상 및 방법 : 중등도의 만성치주염을 가지는 23명의 참가자들이 대조군과 실험군으로 분류되었다. 대조군은 구강위생교육 (치간청결기구와 혀세정 포함)만을 시행하였고 실험군은 구강위생교육과 함께 24시간 내에 전악 치석제거술과 치근활택술을 시행하였다. 치료 전과 치료 4주 후에 VSCs 농도를 $Halimeter^{(R)}$(Interscan Corp., CA, USA)를 사용하여 측정하였고 타액 시료는 혐기성과 호기성 조건에서 배양되었다. 결과 : 4주 후에 두 군 모두에서 휘발성 황화합물의 농도가 유의하게 감소하였고, 실험군에서의 감소량이 통계적으로 유의하게 더 크게 나타났다. 타액 내 세균의 배양에서 총세균수에 대한 혐기성 세균의 비율이 실험군에서만 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였다. 그러나 세균의 비율과 휘발성 황화합물의 농도와의 상관관계는 낮게 나타났다. 즉 구취의 감소는 타액 요인 보다는 치주치료에 의한 다른 복합적인 인자의 작용에 의한 것으로 추론할 수 있었다. 결론 : 본 연구는 중등도의 치주염환자에서 구강위생교육만으로도 구취의 주요 화학적 요인인 휘발성 황화합물의 농도를 감소시킬 수 있으나 비외과적 치주치료를 동반하였을 때 더욱 큰 효과를 얻을 수 있는 것으로 해석된다. 그러나 실험 참가자의 수가 적었고 장기간의 분석이 이루어지지 않았으므로 앞으로 더 많은 연구가 구취에 대한 치주치료의 영향을 이해하기 위해서 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.2088-2092
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• 2010

Educational object of this study was patients who visited H-dental clinic in D-Metropolitan City. It was investigated on the general character, subjective health condition, oral knowledge, oral recognition and oral practice of patients(experimental group 134 subjects and control group 110 subjects) who were educated to repeated directing tooth-brushing through questionnaire. For understanding the degree of actual oral practice, plaque control score was analyzed by the O'Leary index. The results of this study are as follows. A verification of effect after repeated directing tooth-brushing education represented to significance in experimental group on the concern, subjective health condition, oral recognition, oral knowledge, oral practice and plaque control score(p<0.001). And as frequency of repeated directing tooth-brushing education was increased, plaque control score significantly increased(p<0.001).

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.361-365
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• 2008

To educate the technique performing oral health care by oneself, four times individualized oral instruction was introduced to patients and control marks of plaque on sex, age, occupation, monthly average income, academic career were measured respectively. Through analysis of it's results and evaluation of oral health care grade on patients, this study arranged for basic data about individualized oral instruction to improve public oral health. 1. As individualized oral instruction was processed, control mark of dentalplaque improved greatly. 2. Control mark of dentalplaque on sex, female's control mark was higher than male's it. But, a gap of control mark was small. 3. Control mark of dentalplaque on age, control mark of patients in their 50s to 59s and 30s to 39s was higher than average of the whole. 4. Control mark of dentalplaque on occupation, control mark of inoccupation and professional was highly appeared. 5. Control mark of dentalplaque on monthly average income, control mark of patients whose monthly average income was below 2.5 million was highly appeared. 6. Control mark of dentalplaque on academic career, control mark of patients who graduated of university was highly appeared at first and second evaluation. On the other hand, control mark of patients who graduated of college or dropped out of university was highly appeared at third and fourth evaluation. According to the above statements, to effectively take care of oral health, our felt keenly the necessity of the individualized repeated instruction.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.85-88
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• 2002

Growth inhibition of the extract of Schizandra chinensis Baill on bacteria isolated from oral cavity of dental patient was investigated. The extract yield of water was 53.8%, and the yield was higher than these of methanol. High temperature was profitable to extract yield. As a result of investigation about antibacterial effect of water extract of S. chinensis, tested strains were mostly inhibited by water extract of S. chinensis. As a result of investigation about minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) of water extract of S. chinensis on the oral bacteria, MIC of water extract of S. chinensis was between 125 and ${1000{\mu}g/ml}$.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.353-362
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• 2009

The present study was performed to observe the effect of phytoncide on oral normal microflora and the inhibitory effect of the surviving resident oral bacteria on F. nucleatum. In this study, saliva from each of 20 healthy subjects was treated with 1% phytoncide from Japanese Hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieb. et Zucc.). The surviving salivary bacterium were isolated on blood agar plates and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. In order to select inhibitory isolates against F. nucleatum, the isolates from the phytoncide-treated saliva were cultured with F. nucleatum. The results are as follows: 1. Among the 200 surviving resident oral bacterium, 70(35.0%) bacterium inhibit the growth of F. nucleatum on blood agar plates. 2. Among the 70 bacterium which inhibit F. nucleatum, Streptococcus salivarius was 41.3%(45/109), Streptococcus sanguinis was 28%.(7/25), Streptococcus mitis was 20%(3/15), Streptococcus parasanguinis was 33.3%(3/9), Streptococcus Alactolyticus was 100%(8/8), Streptococcus vestibularis was 28.6%(2/7) and Streptococcus sp. was 50%(2/4). Taken together, among the surviving resident oral bacterium, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus mitis were mainly observed to inhibit F. nucleatum. and they may exert an additional inhibitory activity against the periodontopathic bacterium. Therefore, phytoncide can be used to prevent and cease the progress of periodontal disease, halitosis. Thus it is expected to promote oral health.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.723-737
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• 1997

본 연구의 목적은 조직유도재생술의 초기치유시에 구강양치액으로 사용되어지는 0.1% 클로르헥시딘과 0.2% 클로르헥시딘을 사용했을 경우, 양치액을 사용하지 않았을 경우의 세균감염 정도를 비교하는 것이다. 30명의 성인형 치주염에 이환되어진 사람을 대상으로 하였다. 초기치료(Scaling/Root planing/Oral hygiene instruction)를 시행한 후에 한 사람에 한 군데씩 선정하여 2급이나 3급의 치근이개부를 가지고 임상적으로 혹은 방사선학적으로 치간골내낭을 보이지 않는 치아에 통법에 따라 Gore-TexTM를 위치시켰다. 술후 5일간 항생제 (UnasynTM 375mg tablet p.o.tid)를 투여하고 차폐막을 제거할 때까지(4주 혹은 6주) 10명의 환자에게는 0.1% 클로르헥시딘을, 다른 10명의 환자에게는 0.2% 클로르헥시딘으로 구강양치를 하게 하고, 또 다른 10명의 환자에게는 구강양치액을 사용하지 않도록 하였다. 또 1주일에 한번씩 전문가구강위생술식을 실시하였다. 4주나 6주 후에 차폐막을 제거하고 주사전자현미경, 혐기성 세균배양을 이용하여 세균감염정도를 비교하였다. 1. 주사전자현미경으로 관찰시에 0.1% 클로르헥시딘을 사용했을 경우와 0.2% 클로르헥시딘을 사용했을 경우, 클로르헥시딘을 사용하지 않은 경우에 별 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 2. 혐기성 세균배양시에 0.2% 클로르헥시딘을 사용했을 경우, 0.1%클로르헥시딘을 사용했을 경우보다 적은 수의 세균 수를 보였으나 통계적으로 유의할 만한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 클로르헥시딘을 사용하지 않은 경우에는 다른 두 경우에 비해 통계적으로 유의할 만한 차이를 보였다.(P<0.05) 3. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia를 인지한 경우에는 세 경우 모두 비슷한 비율로 발견되었다.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.154-156
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• 2019

Eikenella corrodens is Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, and rod-shaped bacterium. It is a part of the normal human mucosal flora that can cause several systemic diseases such as endocarditis, liver abscess, and intracranial bacterial infection. E. corrodens KCOM 3110 (= JS217) was isolated from human subgingival dental plaque of periodontitis lesion. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of E. corrodens KCOM 3110.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.157-162
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• 2022

Smoking is known to be a causative factor of periodontal disease in addition to drinking alcohol. However, studies on microorganisms in oral cavity according to smoking status are currently very poor. In this study, 30 smokers and 30 nonsmokers were selected for university students. It was statistically significant that Streptococcus mutans, Prevotella intermedia were detected more frequently in smokers with 30% compared to non-smokers with 7%, and was detected in subjects that engaged in tooth brushing fewer than three times a day with 20%(p<0.05). P. intermedia was significant in that more bacteria were detected in smokers than in non-smokers (p<0.05). As continuous smoking directly stimulates the oral cavity, bacteria that can cause oral disease may appear more dominant than in non-smokers. Furthermore, it is expected that it will have a positive effect on students' smoking cessation.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 1995

타액은 구강 환경을 조절하는 여러 가지 유기질과 무기질의 혼합물로 구성되어 있다. 구강 점막은 여러 타액 점액 단백질과 타액 항세균 단백질에 의해서 윤활이 되며 보호된다.타액의 다른 작용은 구강 점막을 축축하게 하고 음식을 부드럽게 한다. 구강건조증은 세균의 침착을 야기시키거나 점막면을 거칠게 하여 출혈이 되기 쉽게 하며 이로 인해 감염이 야기될 수 있다. 이러한 타액의 보호 작용은 mucin, fibronectins, proline-rich glycoproteins, histidine-rich proteins, $\alpha$-amylase, s-IgA 같은 특별한 타액 당단백질에 기인한다고 하는 것이 지난 30년 동안에 알려져 있다. 이러한 분자들의 구조, 구조와 기능사이의 관계, 타액 내 이러한 물질들의 농도에 관한 것들이 알려지고 있는 중이다. 이러한 타액 당단백질 특히 mucin, fibronectin, fucose-rich protein과 s-IgA의 구조와 기능에 대한 현재의 견해들을 이 논문에서 요약하고자 한다.