• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.241-263
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• 2010

KoFlux is a Korean network of micrometeorological tower sites that use eddy covariance methods to monitor the cycles of energy, water, and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the key terrestrial ecosystems in Korea. KoFlux embraces the mission of AsiaFlux, i.e. to bring Asia's key ecosystems under observation to ensure quality and sustainability of life on earth. The main purposes of KoFlux are to provide (1) an infrastructure to monitor, compile, archive and distribute data for the science community and (2) a forum and short courses for the application and distribution of knowledge and data between scientists including practitioners. The KoFlux community pursues the vision of AsiaFlux, i.e., "thinking community, learning frontiers" by creating information and knowledge of ecosystem science on carbon, water and energy exchanges in key terrestrial ecosystems in Asia, by promoting multidisciplinary cooperations and integration of scientific researches and practices, and by providing the local communities with sustainable ecosystem services. Currently, KoFlux has seven sites in key terrestrial ecosystems (i.e., five sites in Korea and two sites in the Arctic and Antarctic). KoFlux has systemized a standardized data processing based on scrutiny of the data observed from these ecosystems and synthesized the processed data for constructing database for further uses with open access. Through publications, workshops, and training courses on a regular basis, KoFlux has provided an agora for building networks, exchanging information among flux measurement and modelling experts, and educating scientists in flux measurement and data analysis. Despite such persistent initiatives, the collaborative networking is still limited within the KoFlux community. In order to break the walls between different disciplines and boost up partnership and ownership of the network, KoFlux will be housed in the National Center for Agro-Meteorology (NCAM) at Seoul National University in 2011 and provide several core services of NCAM. Such concerted efforts will facilitate the augmentation of the current monitoring network, the education of the next-generation scientists, and the provision of sustainable ecosystem services to our society.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.443-451
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the views of dental hygiene students about the possible countermeasure of domestic hospitals for the opening of the medical market. The subjects in this study were 269 dental hygiene sophomores, juniors and seniors at two different colleges in the region of Busan. The findings of the study were as follows: The opening of the medical market and views of possible countermove, whether they agreed to that or not made a statistically significant difference to their opinions on the necessity of customer-oriented marketing strategy(p=0.023), analysis of foreign medical markets/attempt to make inroads into the markets(p<0.000) and the improvement of the quality of medical services/the diversification of the services(p=0.025). As to an intention of going to a foreign hospital, they had a statistically significantly different intention about whether to go to a foreign hospital regardless of medical bills(p<0.000), whether to consult a doctor in a foreign hospital after going to a domestic hospital first (p<0.000), whether to consider the distance between their houses and a foreign hospital(p=0.05) and whether to take considerations on the assistance of an interpreter(p=0.023). In regard to preference for foreign hospitals, American hospitals ranked first(41.9), followed by Australian hospitals(19.9) and Canadian ones(14.2).

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.204-210
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• 1999

Purpose: We assessed the nutritional status and the alterations of oral diets during anti-cancer chemotherapy in pediatric oncology patients. Methods: Twenty children with malignancy were evaluated from day 0 until day 21 of post-chemotherapy. Nutritional status was assessed by body weight and biochemical parameters. The amount and calories of oral diets were assessed and food preference before and during chemotherapy were analysed by questionnelle. Results: 1) The underlying diseases of 20 patients were 11 acute lymphoblastic lekemia, 2 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 2 Langerhans cell histiocytosis, 2 Wilm's tumor, 2 brain tumor, 1 rhabdomyosarcoma. 2) There were weight loss during chemotherapy in 8 patients (40.0%), weigt gain in 5 patients (25.0%), and no significant changes in 7 patients (35.0%). 3) Biochemical parameters showed no significant interval changes during chemotherapy except elevation of serum ALT level. 4) The daily caloric intakes of oral diets during chemotherapy were 310~600 Kcal which was much lower than average of daily recommended calory for Korean children. 5) The most favorate food was altered by chemotherapy, from meats to carbonated beverages and unfavorate food was not altered as vegetables. Conclusion: The periodic assessment of nutritional status and dietary supplements according to preferred foods of patients will be required for the optimal nutrition care in cancer patients.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.29 no.4 s.55
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• pp.733-746
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• 1996

To evaluate the follow-up management state and related factor of lead battery workers in periodic health examination as part of program of group occupational health service, author studied 293 workers with questionnaire on knowledge of results and follow-up management state and related factors, and compared the responses to their periodic health examination result charts. The results were as follows: 1. 252(86%) workers responsed that they had received the health examination result chart, but only 116(39.6%) workers responsed that they had been educated or explained about the results of health examination, and 11(57.9%) workers among 19 workers with non-occupational disease D, 101(44.3%) workers among 228 workers with non-occupational disease C, and 19(28.4%) workers among 67 workers with occupational disease C knew accurately their health examination results. 2. 78(24.8%) of the workers responsed that they had follow-up management, and contents of follow-up management were follow-up(36.6%), out-patient treatment (31%), change worksite(8.5%), temporary retirement(7.0%) and others(16.9%). 3. Most of the workers responsed that the health examination were necessary, but three-fourths of the workers responsed that the health examination had been superficial or that they didn't know. 4. In this study, follow-up management show significant association with only explanation or education about health examination result chart.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.299-320
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• 2012

We have information through a variety of media such as language, pictures and internet. Since we get information through texts mostly, we can say that reading ability which enables a person to read a text and understand its meaning basically is the most essential for people to possess. Taking the advantage of the fact that a school is a place where learning and daily-life guidance can be made at the same time, we need to try encouraging students to involve in learning process and feel a sense of accomplishment by adding consultation between a teacher and a student or between a student and a student in Korean subject. This study selected two fifth grade classes of an elementary school of small and medium-sized city as an experimental group and a control group respectively and applied reading strategy program by using interaction of complementary lesson as the number of ten times during five weeks. It focused on making students interested in complementary class and encouraging them to become active participants. This study's goal is to see if the reading strategy program affects students' reading comprehension, metacognition and a sense of self-efficacy The results of the study are as in the following: first, the reading strategy program of complementary lesson is effective in students' reading comprehension and a range of factual understanding and sentimental understanding. Second, the reading strategy program of complementary lesson is effective in adjustment area as a subordinate factor of metacognition. Third, the reading strategy program of complementary lessonis effective in students' sense of self-efficacy. It is shown that experience of using new reading strategy and successful experience and help in peer-group members have a positive effects on a student's sense of self-efficacy. Forth, as the result of satisfaction evaluation over the program with the students' activity report and researchers' observation results, the study shows that the organization and operation of the program influences on students' effort and participation to reach the goal together positively. Through the results as above, we can say that the reading strategy program of complementary lesson have a positive effect on a student's reading comprehension, metacognition and a sense of self-efficacy.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.327-338
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• 2009

This study was to develop an instrument for multidimensional measurement of Korean scaling fear (KSF)-1.0 and analyze related factors. A sample of 720 subjects(scaling patients and community people) was studied in Daegu city from November in 2008 to March in 2009. Authors first conceptualized the KSF, item generation, item reduction, and questionnaire formatting were performed in the stage of the development. Item descriptive, missing%, item internal consistency, and item discriminant validity were analyzed in the item-level, also descriptive, floor and ceiling effect were analyzed in the scale-level. Cronbach's alpha, test-retest, inter-dimension correlations, and factor analysis were performed to evaluate the validity and reliability in the new instrument. Confirmative factor analysis was did to evaluate the fit of model. The results for item-level and scale-level were acceptable except item discriminant validity. The reliability for 0.92~0.96 of corelation coefficient range(Cronbach's alpha 0.96~0.98) was high in the test-retest, and there was no significant difference in paired t-test. Item internal consistency(range of pearson corelation coefficient 0.39~0.95) was also high. The result of explanatory factor analysis was the same as the intended dimension structure, also confirmatory factor analysis results revealed that the dimensional structure model were fined well in the evaluation of model fit($x^2$= 1245.66, df=146, p=0.0000; GFI=0.85; AGFI=0.80; RMSEA=0.10). Factors related to KSF by multiple regression were gender($\beta$=0.28, p=0.0004) and teeth brush method($\beta$=-0.15, p=0.0053) in scaling patients, also gender($\beta$=0.25, p=0.0002), educational level($\beta$=0.14, p=0.0155), teeth brush method($\beta$=-0.09, p=0.0229) and time of daily work out($\beta$=-0.10, p=0.0055) were significantly associated with KSF in no scaling group. In conclusion, The results of this study reveal that the new developed measurement scale was reliable and val id instrument for measuring the KSF in dental hygiene patients and community people. We recommend that further research should develop more the instrument for the Korean scaling fear.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.339-349
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• 2010

Objective: We surveyed awareness levels of brucellosis, Q fever and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) among dairy farmers in Gyeonggi Province to suggest directions for public education and public relations. Methods: We designed questionnaires to evaluate awareness of 3 major zooneses. We conducted a questionnaire survey to assess knowledge of the general characteristics of them, information sources for the awareness of zooneses, and the mode of transmission. Subjects were 716 workers from 482 dairy farms in Gyeonggi province. Results: The awareness levels for brucellosis, Q fever, and EHEC were 90.2%, 2.5% and 56.6%, respectively. Awareness of brucellosis and EHEC were tended to increase with higher number of school years. Television was the most common route of information for these zoonoses. Most common responses for questions concerning the method of transmission for each zoonoses, 'Contact with parturient fluid or placenta of animal' was 63.2% for brucellosis, 'Ingestion of raw meat or residual product' was 66.7% and 64.2% for Q fever and EHEC, respectively. The most common reason why dairy farmers think that it is difficult to prevent zoonoses was the inconvenience of wearing protection. Conclusions: Education programs for zoonoses, especially Q fever, are needed for dairy farmers. In addition, publicity information activities about prevention of zoonoses are needed for high risk groups, such as the dairy farmers surveyed.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.1390-1401
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• 2020

This study is a descriptive research to identify the relationship among violence experience, resilience and job stress of nurses working in emergency department. The subjects of this study were 143 nurses with over one year working in emergency departments of 6 hospitals located in D city and C city and collected data through structured questionnaire. It was from November 6th to November 15th. The degree of violent experience of the subjects was 1.26 ± 1.31 out of 4. The average score of resillience was 2.50 ± 0.55 out of 4. The average score of job stress was 3.62 ± 0.49 out of 5. The result of correlation between violence experience, resilience and job stress, among the sub factors, in the correlation among violence experience and job stress sub factors, verbal violence experience was significantly positively correlated with nursing work(r=.194, p=.010), role conflict stress(r=.158, p=.030), and physical threat experience was positively correlated with nursing work(r=.200, p=.008), role conflict(r=.162, p=.027), and conflict with doctor(r=.145, p=.042). In the correlation between resilience and job stress sub factors, nursing work stress is hardness(r=-.189, p=.012), persistence(r=-.165, p=.025), and optimism (r=-.186, p=.013) and there was a negative correlation with the region. Expertise stress is hardness(r=-.230, p=.003), persistence(r=-.195, p=.010), optimistic(r=-.194, p=.010) and there was a negative correlation. Nurse-treated stress was positively correlated with spirituality(r=.154, p=.033). In the subcategory correlations of resilience and violent experience, the hardness had a negative correlation with the physical threat(r=-.150, p=.037) experience. The persistence was negatively correlated with the experience of physical threats(r=-.138, p=.050). The optimism was negatively correlated with the experience of physical violence(r=-.151, p=.036). As a result, it is necessary to create a safe working environment free from violence and to reinforce training on how to deal with violence in order to reduce the job stress of emergency department nurses. In addition, measures to cope with stress according to age and work experience and programs to increase resilience should be developed and mediated to reduce the job stress of emergency department nurses.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.555-568
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• 2016

This study aims to examine the characteristics and meanings of the encounter between Malaysian migration policy and Korean retirement migration in contemporary Malaysia. For this purpose, I describe and analyze the features and implications of migration policy in Malaysia, and understand the cultural characteristics and meanings of migration policy, especially Malaysian migration policy in Malaysia, and examine and explore the characteristics and meanings of retirement migration, especially Korean retirement migration to Malaysia in contemporary Malaysia, in the socio-cultural context. The research outcomes of this study are followings. Firstly, because of the misunderstanding and misuse of MM2H(Malaysia My 2nd Home) program and Malaysian migration policy among Korean retirement migrants in contemporary Malaysia, Korean retirement migration in Malaysia cannot be regarded one of the appropiate and effective migration policy for Koreans. It has been utilized as an instrument of their children's education among Koreans in Malaysia. Secondly, in this regard, it has been increased the number of Koreans to return to Korea without any constructive results in their children's education and their successful retirement lives in Malaysia. It is noted to understand that Korean retirement migration to Malaysia is the movement and migration of the special forms of human migration or human exchange and cooperation in the socio-cultural context. The cultural characteristics and meanings of Korean retirement migration to Malaysia has been one of the important cultural phenomena between Korea and Malaysia in contemporary Malaysia. In this sense, it is expected that this study can be contributed to understand the cultural characteristics and meanings of the encounter and exchange between Malaysian migration policy and Korean retirement migration to Malaysia in contemporary Malaysia, and to enhance the exchange and cooperation between Korea and Malaysia through human exchange and migration, especially Korean retirement migration to Malaysia in contemporary Malaysia.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.480-488
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• 2002

This study was performed to document the association between obesity, a major risk factor for chronic diseases, and dietary pattern in Korean elderly. The subjects were 595 men and women aged 60-89 years. The subjects were classified into 4 groups based on BMI: under weight, BMI < 18.5, normal weight, 18.5 $\leq$ BMI 22.9; overweight, 23.0 BMI 24.9; and obese BMI $\geq$ 25.0. Dietary intakes by 24-hr recall, blood pressure, anthropometric parameters and health eating index (HEI) were measured. Underweight group was excluded for data analysis doe to small number of subjects, and age-adjusted measurements were compared among normal, overweight and obese groups. The mean anthropometric values for males and females were 23.7 and 24.8 kg/$m^2$ for BMI, 0.90 and 0.86 for WHR and 140.7 and 138.8 mmHg for SBP, respectively. The mean intakes of energy, Ca, vitamin A, vitamin B$_2$, and vitamin E did not meet Korean RDA for elderly. Intakes of fat and cholesterol were low: the percent energy from fat for male and female subjects were 19.1% and 18.1% and mean cholesterol intakes were 208 mg and 152 mg, respectively. Judging by HEI score, dietary quality was better in females than in male subjects. The mean BMI of normal, over and obese groups were 21.4, 23.9, 26.7 kg/$m^2$ in male subjects and 21.6, 23.9, 27.1 kg/$m^2$ in female subjects. WHR, SBP and TSF were increased with increasing BMI No association was found between BMI and nutrient intakes and/or food consumption pattern. However, a tendency was shown that the overweight group reported higher intakes in most nutrients compared to normal and obese groups. This study implies that with increasing BMI, anthropometric risk factors, such as WHR, TSF, and blood pressure were Increased, however, no significant differences were found in nutrient intakes and food patterns. Energy and fat intakes do not seem to be a cause for obesity in Korean elderly.