• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2011

Optimal treatment of the torn posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) remains controversial. The type of tibial fixation (transtibial vs inlay), the femoral tunnel position within the femoral footprint (central, eccentric or isometric), and the number of bundles in the reconstruction (single-bundle vs double-bundle) are controversial issues. The PCL has a better chance of spontaneously healing than the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) because of a rich blood supply (near the branch of the middle genicular artery) and coverage with a thicker synovium. In general, for easier passage of the graft and full visualization of the original ligament attachment site during the precise positioning of the tunnel, the remaining PCL fibers are usually debrided during reconstruction. However, the remaining remnant structures would significantly contribute to the posterior stability of the knee joint, the healing of the graft, preserving proprioceptive function of the mechanoreceptors in the PCL. Double bundle PCL reconstruction may result in some surgical complications because of increased complexity of making tunnel. Therefore, single bundle PCL reconstruction with remnant preservation seems to be an effective procedure.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2012

Background: This study was conducted to examine the effect of application of trampolin training elderly women by position sense of knee joint and balance. Methods: Ten subjects with elderly women were randomly assigned to trampolin training group (n=5) or control group (n=5). Experimental group received for 15 minutes three times during 4 weeks. Outcomes was made using One-Leg Stance Test, Time Up and Go Test and position sense of knee joint. Assessment was before training and one week, two week, three week after training. Results: Applied to the trampolin training group showed significant differences in all tests and for the interaction between time and group (p<.05). Conclusions: Those results indicate that trampolin training is effective in elderly women to promoting a position sense of knee joint and balance ability.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether age, body mass index(BMI) and exercise frequency(EF) are correlated with knee joint position sense in healthy women. Methods : Healthy women of 150 who participated in this study were tested knee joint position sense; each reposition error was analyzed according to the age, BMI and EF. Reposition error was measured with a Myrin goniometer. Results : The age groups, BMI groups and EF groups demonstrated significant differences of the knee joint position sense. The older the healthy women are, the higher BMI is, and the lower EF is, the more decreased knee joint position sense has become. Conclusion : The older the women are, the higher BMI is, and the lower EF is, the more decreased the knee joint position sense in healthy women is. Therefore it needs to be considered to require management of obesity and regular exercise for prevention of knee injuries due to decreased joint position sense.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.23-29
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between strength balance and joint position sense related to the ankle joint in healthy women. Methods: Twenty-six healthy women were recruited. Isokinetic strength and joint position sense (JPS) were measured using a Biodex System 4 pro Dynamometer and a Biodex Advantage Software Package. Prior to measuring the JPS and isokinetic strength, the dominant foot was determined according to the Waterloo Footedness Questionnaire. After the JPS test, isokinetic strength was evaluated in velocity $60^{\circ}s$, including practice trial ($90^{\circ}s$). Using the measured isokinetic strength, a Strength Balance Index (SBI) was calculated. Results: Relative to the SBI, the degree of imbalance was varied; but there were imbalances. For each starting position, JPS error showed no significant differences (p>0.05). The relationship between SBI and JPS was found during the inversion to eversion process, eversion to inversion, and dorsi flexion to plantar flexion. Conclusion: There are moderate to mild relationships between JPS and SBI during ankle movement. It is suggested that to prevent ankle injuries, strength balance should be considered along with the other potential factors including anatomical alignment, proprioception, and soft tissues problems.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and taping interventions on balance ability, joint position sense, and ankle joint strength. Methods: Thirty subjects who had experienced an ankle sprain within the previous 3 months participated in this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to a PNF group (n=15) or a taping group (n=15). Before and after the interventions, ankle dorsi-flexion and plantar-flexion strength, joint position error, and total center of pressure movements in one leg while in a standing position were measured. Results: Regardless of the group allocation, ankle dorsi-flexion and plantar-flexion strength significantly improved after the interventions (p<0.05). Compared to preintervention measurements, joint position errors were significantly reduced postintervention (p<0.05). The PNF intervention significantly decreased the total lateral movement of the center of pressure in the one leg standing condition (p<0.05). Conclusion: Both PNF and taping interventions improved joint position sense and ankle joint strength. In common with the findings of a previous study, the PNF intervention improved balance ability. Further study is required to investigate the effects of various PNF and taping interventions on ankle performance in subjects with chronic ankle sprains.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.33-40
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of multi joint-joint position sense (MJ-JPS) training on joint position sense, balance, and gait ability in stroke patients. A total of 18 stroke patients participated in the study. The subjects were allocated randomly into two groups: an experimental group and a control group. Participants in the experimental group received MJ-JPS training (10 min) and conventional treatment (20 min), but participants in the control group only received conventional treatment (30 min). Both groups received training for five times per week for six weeks. MJ-JPS is a training method used to increase proprioception in the lower extremities; as such, it is used, to position the lower extremities in a given space. MJ-JPS measurement was captured via video using a Image J program to calculate the error distance. Balance ability was measured using Timed Up and Go (TUG) and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Gait ability was measured with a 10 m walking test (10MWT) and by climbing four flights of stairs. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess normalization. Within-group differences were analyzed using the paired t-test. Between-group differences were analyzed using the independent t-test. The experimental group showed a significant decrease in error distance (MJ-JPS) compared to the control group (p<.05). Both groups showed a significant difference in their BBS and 10MWT results (p<.05). The experimental group showed a significant decrease in their TUG and climbing results (p<.05), but the control group results for those two tasks were not found to be significant (p>.05). There was significant difference in MJ-JPS and by climbing four flights of stairs on variation of pre and post test in between groups (p<.05), but TUG and BBS and 10MWT was no significantly (p>.05). We suggest that the MJ-JPS training proposed in this study be used as an intervention to help improve the functional activity of the lower extremities in stroke patients.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.284-290
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• 2020

This study was undertaken to determine the effects of SNAGs (sustained natural apophyseal glides) and visual convergence biofeedback on the proprioception and neck disability of patients with chronic neck dysfunction. A total of 31 patients with neck dysfunction were assigned to either SNAGs (n = 16) or biofeedback (n = 15). The groups were assessed for proprioception and neck disability, before and after the intervention. The SNAGs were performed using belt with flexion, extension and right-left rotation, whereas biofeedback training included visual feedback training with deep neck flexor. Intervention was implemented for 20 minutes, twice a week for 4 weeks. Biofeedback training a showed significant effect on the joint position sense (left and right rotation) as compared to the SNAGs group (p< 0.05), whereas neck disability index was significantly effective for SNAGs (p< 0.05). Ed. Notes: The previous statement lacked clarity. I have suggested the edit as per my understanding. Please review and revise appropriately, if required. Therefore, the SNAGs technique is effective for neck function, and biofeedback training is a positive intervention method for enhancing the proprioceptive sensation. In future studies on patients with neck pain, it may be possible to select an intervention method based on the characteristics of the disease.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in joint position sense (JPS), force sense (FS), and performance level of the upper extremities according to the injury and pain experiences of Korean elite archers. Methods: A total of 15 subjects were briefed about the purpose of this study and agreed to participate voluntarily. JPS was evaluated using the laser-point attached to the wrist while aiming at the target. The difference when relocating while aiming was used as JPS factor. FS was evaluated using load cell through reproduces same muscle strength. Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) was used to evaluate psychosocial factors, Kerlan-Jobe Orthopedic Clinic overhead athlete scores (KJOC) and numerical rating scale (NRS) was used to evaluate pain. and performance was evaluated by tournament match score. Results: There is a strong correlation between the current pain and KJOC. Moreover, moderate correlation between KJOC and FABQ also current pain and both upper trapezius and lower trapezius in elite archers. The mean (SD) between groups based on current pain display relatively large margin in force sense than without pain group. The result presents that there is a significant difference in performance and pain. There is a significant difference in the force sense of the upper and lower trapezius and pain. Conclusions: Result present there is a significant difference in functional level in the average comparison between groups according to the presence of absence of current pain. There is a significant difference in the force sense of the upper trapezius as well as lower trapezius and without pain group present a relatively low joint position sense error compared to the groups.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.749-753
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• 2008

Proprioception defined it as the ability to detect, the spatial position or movement of joints using balance, power of the muscle, agility in the internal parts of the body. In existing study for improvement of proprioception, reaching task training provided a feedback; the assessment was not provided a feedback. But, this has problem that it can not guide a proprioception from situation with visual feedback. Virtual reality technique can solve the problem of way providing feedback during training. In this study, we developed proprioception training program using virtual reality and pilot study is performed. VR task were composed three modes. In mode 1, real-time movement of the body was provided using visual feedback. In mode 2, body position was provided using visual feedback when participant have specific response. And in mode 3, body position was not provided. VR task is performed five sessions at each mode and one session performed one by one a three target. In the result of this study, the moving time toward the target from mode 3 was smaller than the moving time toward the target from mode 1 (p= 0.001). The correlation was statistically significant between mode 2 and mode 3 while be offering visual feedback position of mode 2 1session. But, the correlation was not statistically significant between mode 2 and mode 3 after be offered visual feedback position of mode2 1session (p = 0.012). Training environment of mode 1 shows which training used visual feedback than proprioception. Mode2 can execute training of proprioception because first session acquires visual feedback by proprioception. The next study will be verification of the system for training or assessment by clinical experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.82-85
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• 2009

Purpose: In anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, preservation of the remnant original tissue might promote graft healing and be helpful in proprioception. But this procedure is difficult and causes the notch impingement. So we introduce a surgical technique that makes a transtibial femoral tunnel at 10 or 2 o'clock position with preservation of remnant tissue. Surgical approach: We tried to preserve the remnant tissue and synovium as much as possible, especially those of tibial attachment and extending to the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), so as to have some tension and to prevent notch impingement. We set the tibial drill guide at 40~45 degrees and the intra-articular guide tip was 1 mm anterior and medial to the conventional site. The starting point of tibial guide pin was proximal to the pes anserinus and anterior to the medial collateral ligament. When the reamer approached the cortical bone of the tibial articular surface, the reamer must be advanced very carefully to minimize injury to the remnant tissue. The tibial and femoral tunnel at 10 or 2 o'clock position were made with the reamer, the diameter of which was same with that of the graft. Conclusion: We report a remnant preserving technique in ACL reconstruction that makes a transtibial femoral tunnel at 10 or 2 o'clock position